Vacuum Technology and Vacuum Design Handbook for Accelerator Technicians

This handbook is a compilation of information gathered from over 50 years of direct hands-on experience to applicable information widely available from the vacuum technology industry. It seeks to address common and specific vacuum technology problems whilst clarifying the design standards and philosophies adopted for use in the ANSTO accelerator facilities. The author wishes to thank the reviewers and the many technicians from ANSTO that have contributed directly and indirectly to this booklet

Sydney particle characterisation study PM2.5 source apportionment in the Sydney Region between 2000 and 2014

The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) has been applying accelerator based nuclear techniques to the characterisation of fine PM2.5 ambient air pollution since the early 1990s. Over the decades large long-term databases have been acquired at dozens of sites both in Australia and internationally on the PM2.5 mass together with over 23 different elemental and chemical species that make up this fine particle pollution. In this study we used data previously collected by ANSTO from four of our long-term sampling sites covering the period from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2014. Positive matrix factorisation (PMF) source apportionment techniques were applied to this data to identify seven different source components or fingerprints that make up the measured total PM2.5mass at each of these four sites. The primary aim of this study was to: convert the existing 15-year PM2.5 mass and elemental datasets for four given sites in the Sydney basin into identifiable source fingerprints quantify the absolute and the percentage contribution of each of these fingerprints to the total fine PM2.5 mass provide seasonal and annual variations for each of the source fingerprints provide a readily accessible database containing the daily source fingerprints and their contributions covering the 15-year period from 2000–2014 for four given sites in the Sydney basin if possible, identify and quantify the major contributors of fine particle pollution to the ambient air quality in Sydney. Typically fine particles were collected over 24-hour periods twice a week (104 filters per year) at Lucas Heights, Richmond, Mascot and Liverpool sites over a 15-year period from 2000 to 2014. In all, around 6000 sampling days are represented by this study. Each of these filters was analysed for the 23 elemental and chemical species: hydrogen (H), sodium (Na), al uminium (Al), silicon (Si), phosphorous (P), sulfur (S), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), bromium (Br), lead (Pb), bl ack carbon (BC) and total nitrogen (TotN) to concentrations down to 1ngm–3 of air sampled. TotN is the total nitrogen from ammonium and nitrate ions. © 2016 ANST

Can IBA techniques quantify the contributions of deserts, winter domestic heating and coal fired power stations to the ambient fine particle air pollution concentrations in the Sydney Basin?

ANSTO has used accelerator based ion beam analysis (IBA) techniques to characterise, fingerprint and source fine particles in and around Australia since the early 1990's. This large database covering many years allows us to now look quantitatively at fine particle sources, including automobiles, smoke, sea spray, soils and industrial emissions. This talk will discuss the accelerator based IBA techniques and how they are used to identify the contributions of windblown soils, wood heating and coal fired power stations to ambient air pollution in the Sydney Basin between 1998 and the present

Fine particle characterisation, source apportionment and long-range dust transport into the Sydney Basin: a long term study between 1998 and 2009

AbstractIon beam analysis techniques have been used to characterise fine particle (PM2.5) pollution in the Sydney Basin between 1 July 1998 and 31 December 2009. Nearly 1 200 filters were obtained and analysed for more than 21 different chemical species from hydrogen to lead. Positive matrix factorisation was then applied to this significant database to determine 7 different source fingerprints and their contributions to the total PM2.5 mass. Most of these sources originated in the Sydney Basin, however there were significant windblown soil sources that originated not just from desert regions in central Australia but also from large agricultural regions around 500 km south west of the Basin. This long range transport of fine dust was tracked using hourly back trajectories for every sampling day during the study period and showed that 33% of extreme dust events were probably originating from agricultural regions and not the central desert regions of Australia as first thought

A guide to chemokines and their receptors

The chemokines (or chemotactic cytokines) are a large family of small, secreted proteins that signal through cell surface G‐protein coupled heptahelical chemokine receptors. They are best known for their ability to stimulate the migration of cells, most notably white blood cells (leukocytes). Consequently, chemokines play a central role in the development and homeostasis of the immune system, and are involved in all protective or destructive immune and inflammatory responses. Classically viewed as inducers of directed chemotactic migration, it is now clear that chemokines can stimulate a variety of other types of directed and undirected migratory behaviour, such as haptotaxis, chemokinesis, and haptokinesis, in addition to inducing cell arrest or adhesion. However, chemokine receptors on leukocytes can do more than just direct migration, and these molecules can also be expressed on, and regulate the biology of, many non‐leukocytic cell types. Chemokines are profoundly affected by post‐translational modification, by interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM), and by binding to heptahelical ‘atypical’ chemokine receptors that regulate chemokine localisation and abundance. This guide gives a broad overview of the chemokine and chemokine receptor families; summarises the complex physical interactions that occur in the chemokine network; and, using specific examples, discusses general principles of chemokine function, focussing particularly on their ability to direct leukocyte migration

Fastener starter tool

A fastener starter tool includes a number of spring retention fingers for retaining a small part, or combination of parts. The tool has an inner housing, which holds the spring retention fingers, a hand grip, and an outer housing configured to slide over the inner housing and the spring retention fingers toward and away from the hand grip, exposing and opening, or respectively, covering and closing, the spring retention fingers. By sliding the outer housing toward (away from) the hand grip, a part can be released from (retained by) the tool. The tool may include replaceable inserts, for retaining parts, such as screws, and configured to limit the torque applied to the part, to prevent cross threading. The inner housing has means to transfer torque from the hand grip to the insert. The tool may include replaceable bits, the inner housing having means for transferring torque to the replaceable bit

Estimates of Consumptive-Use and Irrigation Water Requirements of Crops in Oklahoma

The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

London governance and the politics of neighbourhood planning: a case for investigation

The Localism Act 2011 has successfully devolved planning powers to over 2,500 English communities, involving 14 million people, with over 700 ‘made’ neighbourhood plans legitimised by referendum. In London, however, there are less than one-tenth of the made plans than in the rest of England. Institutional resistance and policy choices may be implicated. Two national studies of neighbourhood planning are reviewed. The role of the local authority is found to be a crucial factor in determining progress, and issues of social deprivation and unequal access are highlighted. Theorisation is considered by reference to a range of academic studies of localism and neighbourhood planning. Distinctions made between ‘representative’ and ‘community’ localism, and objections to anti-political effects, are noted. There has been remarkably little research into borough governance and neighbourhood planning in the capital. Based upon evidence of anomalous and differentiated governance practice, a study in London is called for