(De)construir la otredad: las mujeres inmigrantes en la prensa escrita española

The construction of the “other”, be it an ethnic, cultural, religious or symbolic otherness, is a salient issue for the promotion of positive social harmony. This investigation sets out to examine the construction of otherness on a national level – within Spain – addressing the representation of female immigrants in the Spanish press. Within the field of Peace Research, it highlights the way in which the media (specifically the press, the focus of this investigation) constructs an image of female immigrants based on an otherness which is created principally by the interaction of factors of ethnicity and gender. It aims to make a contribution to existing research on the theme and contribute with up-to-date information. The principal challenges are to carry out an analysis based on gender and intercultural perspectives and to contribute to a re-conceptualisation and re-reading of the representations of female immigrants in Spanish society. The investigation aims to contribute to the efforts to transform negative stereotypes – in other words “deconstruct otherness” – and make visible that which remains excluded from media representations.La construcción del otro, ya sea una otredad étnica, cultural, religiosa o simbólica, es un asunto integral para la promoción de una convivencia positiva y pacífica. Esta investigación examina la construcción de la otredad en España, y está enfocada principalmente a la representación de las mujeres inmigrantes. Se ubica dentro del marco de la Investigación para la Paz y hace hincapié en la manera en que los medios de comunicación, concretamente la prensa escrita, construyen una imagen de las mujeres inmigrantes basada en una otredad, construida principalmente por la interacción de factores de etnicidad y género. Tratamos de hacer una aportación al cuerpo de análisis existente y contribuir con información actualizada. Los desafíos han incluido realizar un estudio que abarca perspectivas de género e interculturalidad, y que contribuye a una reconceptualización y relectura de la representación de las mujeres inmigrantes en la sociedad española. Tenemos como objetivo contribuir a los esfuerzos de transformar los estereotipos negativos – es decir, “deconstruir la otredad” – y hacer visible lo que permanece expulsado de las representaciones mediáticas

Northeast Folklore volume 2 numbers 1-4

Description The second issue of Northeast Folklore was published in the spring of 1959 under the editorship of Edward D. Ives (known as Sandy) and Bacil F. Kirtley through the Department of English at the University of Maine. The four editions that year were later bound into a single volume. Table of Contents Number 1 (Spring): Two Songs from Martha\u27s Vineyard by E.G. Huntington The Deer Isle Hoax by James J. Flynn and Charles A. Huguenin Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canada edited by Bacil F. Kirtley Notes and Queries Number 2 (Summer): Bibliography of New England-Maritimes Folklore Crooked Brook : A Song of the Maine Woods by Edward D. Ives Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canada by Bacil F. Kirtley Record Reviews: Songs of a New York Lumberjack (Steckert) by Norman Cazden Timber-r-r! (Clayton) by Frank A. Hoffmann Folksongs of Martha\u27s Vineyard (Huntington) by Evelyn K. Wells Number 3 (Fall): Folklore in Rhode Island by Horace P. Beck Larry Gorman and Old Henry by Edward D. Ives Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canada edited by Bacil F. Kirtley Number 4 (Winter): A New England Folklore Weekend at Old Sturbridge Village More Notes on the Burning Ship of Northumberland Strait Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canada edited by Bacil F. Kirtley The Lumberman in Town by Edward D. Ives Notes and Queries Book Reviews: The Abelard Folk Song Book (Cazden) by Helen Creighton.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/nf/1002/thumbnail.jp

RNA-Seq Differentiates Tumour and Host mRNA Expression Changes Induced by Treatment of Human Tumour Xenografts with the VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Cediranib.

Pre-clinical models of tumour biology often rely on propagating human tumour cells in a mouse. In order to gain insight into the alignment of these models to human disease segments or investigate the effects of different therapeutics, approaches such as PCR or array based expression profiling are often employed despite suffering from biased transcript coverage, and a requirement for specialist experimental protocols to separate tumour and host signals. Here, we describe a computational strategy to profile transcript expression in both the tumour and host compartments of pre-clinical xenograft models from the same RNA sample using RNA-Seq. Key to this strategy is a species-specific mapping approach that removes the need for manipulation of the RNA population, customised sequencing protocols, or prior knowledge of the species component ratio. The method demonstrates comparable performance to species-specific RT-qPCR and a standard microarray platform, and allowed us to quantify gene expression changes in both the tumour and host tissue following treatment with cediranib, a potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, including the reduction of multiple murine transcripts associated with endothelium or vessels, and an increase in genes associated with the inflammatory response in response to cediranib. In the human compartment, we observed a robust induction of hypoxia genes and a reduction in cell cycle associated transcripts. In conclusion, the study establishes that RNA-Seq can be applied to pre-clinical models to gain deeper understanding of model characteristics and compound mechanism of action, and to identify both tumour and host biomarkers

A large scale hearing loss screen reveals an extensive unexplored genetic landscape for auditory dysfunction

The developmental and physiological complexity of the auditory system is likely reflected in the underlying set of genes involved in auditory function. In humans, over 150 non-syndromic loci have been identified, and there are more than 400 human genetic syndromes with a hearing loss component. Over 100 non-syndromic hearing loss genes have been identified in mouse and human, but we remain ignorant of the full extent of the genetic landscape involved in auditory dysfunction. As part of the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, we undertook a hearing loss screen in a cohort of 3006 mouse knockout strains. In total, we identify 67 candidate hearing loss genes. We detect known hearing loss genes, but the vast majority, 52, of the candidate genes were novel. Our analysis reveals a large and unexplored genetic landscape involved with auditory function

Estimating the Duration of Pertussis Immunity Using Epidemiological Signatures

Case notifications of pertussis have shown an increase in a number of countries with high rates of routine pediatric immunization. This has led to significant public health concerns over a possible pertussis re-emergence. A leading proposed explanation for the observed increase in incidence is the loss of immunity to pertussis, which is known to occur after both natural infection and vaccination. Little is known, however, about the typical duration of immunity and its epidemiological implications. Here, we analyze a simple mathematical model, exploring specifically the inter-epidemic period and fade-out frequency. These predictions are then contrasted with detailed incidence data for England and Wales. We find model output to be most sensitive to assumptions concerning naturally acquired immunity, which allows us to estimate the average duration of immunity. Our results support a period of natural immunity that is, on average, long-lasting (at least 30 years) but inherently variable

Mendelian gene identification through mouse embryo viability screening.

BACKGROUND: The diagnostic rate of Mendelian disorders in sequencing studies continues to increase, along with the pace of novel disease gene discovery. However, variant interpretation in novel genes not currently associated with disease is particularly challenging and strategies combining gene functional evidence with approaches that evaluate the phenotypic similarities between patients and model organisms have proven successful. A full spectrum of intolerance to loss-of-function variation has been previously described, providing evidence that gene essentiality should not be considered as a simple and fixed binary property. METHODS: Here we further dissected this spectrum by assessing the embryonic stage at which homozygous loss-of-function results in lethality in mice from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, classifying the set of lethal genes into one of three windows of lethality: early, mid, or late gestation lethal. We studied the correlation between these windows of lethality and various gene features including expression across development, paralogy and constraint metrics together with human disease phenotypes. We explored a gene similarity approach for novel gene discovery and investigated unsolved cases from the 100,000 Genomes Project. RESULTS: We found that genes in the early gestation lethal category have distinct characteristics and are enriched for genes linked with recessive forms of inherited metabolic disease. We identified several genes sharing multiple features with known biallelic forms of inborn errors of the metabolism and found signs of enrichment of biallelic predicted pathogenic variants among early gestation lethal genes in patients recruited under this disease category. We highlight two novel gene candidates with phenotypic overlap between the patients and the mouse knockouts. CONCLUSIONS: Information on the developmental period at which embryonic lethality occurs in the knockout mouse may be used for novel disease gene discovery that helps to prioritise variants in unsolved rare disease cases

Integrated Analysis of Multiple Microarray Datasets Identifies a Reproducible Survival Predictor in Ovarian Cancer

BACKGROUND: Public data integration may help overcome challenges in clinical implementation of microarray profiles. We integrated several ovarian cancer datasets to identify a reproducible predictor of survival. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Four microarray datasets from different institutions comprising 265 advanced stage tumors were uniformly reprocessed into a single training dataset, also adjusting for inter-laboratory variation ("batch-effect"). Supervised principal component survival analysis was employed to identify prognostic models. Models were independently validated in a 61-patient cohort using a custom array genechip and a publicly available 229-array dataset. Molecular correspondence of high- and low-risk outcome groups between training and validation datasets was demonstrated using Subclass Mapping. Previously established molecular phenotypes in the 2(nd) validation set were correlated with high and low-risk outcome groups. Functional representational and pathway analysis was used to explore gene networks associated with high and low risk phenotypes. A 19-gene model showed optimal performance in the training set (median OS 31 and 78 months, p < 0.01), 1(st) validation set (median OS 32 months versus not-yet-reached, p = 0.026) and 2(nd) validation set (median OS 43 versus 61 months, p = 0.013) maintaining independent prognostic power in multivariate analysis. There was strong molecular correspondence of the respective high- and low-risk tumors between training and 1(st) validation set. Low and high-risk tumors were enriched for favorable and unfavorable molecular subtypes and pathways, previously defined in the public 2(nd) validation set. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Integration of previously generated cancer microarray datasets may lead to robust and widely applicable survival predictors. These predictors are not simply a compilation of prognostic genes but appear to track true molecular phenotypes of good- and poor-outcome

Integrated Genomic Analysis of the Ubiquitin Pathway across Cancer Types

Protein ubiquitination is a dynamic and reversibleprocess of adding single ubiquitin molecules orvarious ubiquitin chains to target proteins. Here,using multidimensional omic data of 9,125 tumorsamples across 33 cancer types from The CancerGenome Atlas, we perform comprehensive molecu-lar characterization of 929 ubiquitin-related genesand 95 deubiquitinase genes. Among them, we sys-tematically identify top somatic driver candidates,including mutatedFBXW7with cancer-type-specificpatterns and amplifiedMDM2showing a mutuallyexclusive pattern withBRAFmutations. Ubiquitinpathway genes tend to be upregulated in cancermediated by diverse mechanisms. By integratingpan-cancer multiomic data, we identify a group oftumor samples that exhibit worse prognosis. Thesesamples are consistently associated with the upre-gulation of cell-cycle and DNA repair pathways, char-acterized by mutatedTP53,MYC/TERTamplifica-tion, andAPC/PTENdeletion. Our analysishighlights the importance of the ubiquitin pathwayin cancer development and lays a foundation fordeveloping relevant therapeutic strategies

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts

(De)constructing “otherness”: the depiction of immigrant women in the Spanish press

The construction of the “other”, be it an ethnic, cultural, religious or symbolic otherness, is a salient issue for the promotion of positive social harmony. This investigation sets out to examine the construction of otherness on a national level – within Spain – addressing the representation of female immigrants in the Spanish press. Within the field of Peace Research, it highlights the way in which the media (specifically the press, the focus of this investigation) constructs an image of female immigrants based on an otherness which is created principally by the interaction of factors of ethnicity and gender. It aims to make a contribution to existing research on the theme and contribute with up-to-date information. The principal challenges are to carry out an analysis based on gender and intercultural perspectives and to contribute to a re-conceptualisation and re-reading of the representations of female immigrants in Spanish society. The investigation aims to contribute to the efforts to transform negative stereotypes – in other words “deconstruct otherness” – and make visible that which remains excluded from media representations.La construcción del otro, ya sea una otredad étnica, cultural, religiosa o simbólica, es un asunto integral para la promoción de una convivencia positiva y pacífica. Esta investigación examina la construcción de la otredad en España, y está enfocada principalmente a la representación de las mujeres inmigrantes. Se ubica dentro del marco de la Investigación para la Paz y hace hincapié en la manera en que los medios de comunicación, concretamente la prensa escrita, construyen una imagen de las mujeres inmigrantes basada en una otredad, construida principalmente por la interacción de factores de etnicidad y género. Tratamos de hacer una aportación al cuerpo de análisis existente y contribuir con información actualizada. Los desafíos han incluido realizar un estudio que abarca perspectivas de género e interculturalidad, y que contribuye a una reconceptualización y relectura de la representación de las mujeres inmigrantes en la sociedad española. Tenemos como objetivo contribuir a los esfuerzos de transformar los estereotipos negativos – es decir, “deconstruir la otredad” – y hacer visible lo que permanece expulsado de las representaciones mediáticas