A digital system for accurate time sector division of a spin stabilized vehicle

Digital system for accurate time sector division of spin stabilized vehicle as used on Pioneer space probe

Microburst phenomena. I - Auroral zone X-rays

Balloon observations of auroral zone bremsstrahlung X-ray microburst

Neutral gas compression in the Alcator C-Mod divertor, experimental observations

One of the high heat flux solutions envisioned for ITER is the gas target divertor. This scheme requires high neutral pressure to be sustained in the divertor chamber with a minimal effect on the pressure in the main tokamak chamber (i.e. high gas compression). The neutral gas compression has been studied in the Alcator C-Mod closed divertor under various central and edge plasma conditions. The neutral pressure measured by a fast, in-situ, ionization gauge, installed behind the divertor target plate was compared with the midplane pressure, measured by a shielded Bayard-Alpert gauge. Divertor pressures up to 30 mTorr with compression factors p{sub div}/p{sub mid} {le} 70 have been observed. It has been found that the neutral pressure in the divertor does not depend strongly on the fueling location but rather on the core plasma density and the resulting divertor plasma regime. Divertor detachment leads to a considerable drop in the compression ratio, suggesting a partial {open_quotes}unplugging{close_quotes} of the divertor volume. An examination of the local particle flux balance in the divertor indicates that the single most important factor determining divertor pressure and compression is the private-flux plasma channel opacity to neutrals

Cosmic ray tables - Asymptotic directions, variational coefficients and cut-off rigidities IQSY instruction manual no. 10

Cosmic ray deflections in geomagnetic field, variational coefficients, and diurnal intensity variations - table

Variation of the divertor geometry in Alcator C-Mod

To be published in the Proceedings of the 1 6th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference

The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey: Evolution of the non-linear galaxy bias up to z=1.5

We present the first measurements of the Probability Distribution Function (PDF) of galaxy fluctuations in the VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) cone, covering 0.4x0.4 deg between 0.4<z<1.5. The second moment of the PDF, i.e. the rms fluctuations of the galaxy density field, is with good approximation constant over the full redshift baseline investigated: we find that, in redshift space, sigma_8 for galaxies brighter than M=-20+5log h has a mean value of 0.94\pm0.07 in the redshift interval 0.7<z<1.5. The third moment, i.e. the skewness, increases with cosmic time: we find that the probability of having underdense regions is greater at z~0.7 than it was at z~1.5. By comparing the PDF of galaxy density contrasts with the theoretically predicted PDF of mass fluctuations we infer the redshift-, density-, and scale-dependence of the biasing function b(z, \delta, R) between galaxy and matter overdensities up to redshift z=1.5. Our results can be summarized as follows: i) the galaxy bias is an increasing function of redshift: evolution is marginal up to z~0.8 and more pronounced for z>0.8; ii) the formation of bright galaxies is inhibited below a characteristic mass-overdensity threshold whose amplitude increases with redshift and luminosity; iii) the biasing function is non linear in all the redshift bins investigated with non-linear effects of the order of a few to 10% on scales >5Mpc.Comment: 30 pages, 17 figs, Accepted by A&

On the cosmic evolution of the scaling relations between black holes and their host galaxies: Broad Line AGN in the zCOSMOS survey

(Abriged) We report on the measurement of the rest frame K-band luminosity and total stellar mass of the hosts of 89 broad line Active Galactic Nuclei detected in the zCOSMOS survey in the redshift range 1<z<2.2. The unprecedented multiwavelength coverage of the survey field allows us to disentangle the emission of the host galaxy from that of the nuclear black hole in their Spectral Energy Distributions. We derive an estimate of black hole masses through the analysis of the broad Mg II emission lines observed in the medium-resolution spectra taken with VIMOS/VLT as part of the zCOSMOS project. We found that, as compared to the local value, the average black hole to host galaxy mass ratio appears to evolve positively with redshift, with a best fit evolution of the form (1+z)^{0.68 \pm0.12 +0.6 -0.3}, where the large asymmetric systematic errors stem from the uncertainties in the choice of IMF, in the calibration of the virial relation used to estimate BH masses and in the mean QSO SED adopted. A thorough analysis of observational biases induced by intrinsic scatter in the scaling relations reinforces the conclusion that an evolution of the MBH-M* relation must ensue for actively growing black holes at early times: either its overall normalization, or its intrinsic scatter (or both) appear to increase with redshift. This can be interpreted as signature of either a more rapid growth of supermassive black holes at high redshift, a change of structural properties of AGN hosts at earlier times, or a significant mismatch between the typical growth times of nuclear black holes and host galaxies.Comment: 47 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap