AE-CS: Una herramienta para el análisis exploratorio gráfico de los resultados de los cuestionarios de seguimiento de los estudiantes

En la metodología de Tuning se reconoce la importanciasde la recopilación y el análisis sistemático desinformación estadística de indicadores clave y, en particular, de la información derivada de los cuestionarios de los estudiantes. En este estudio se presenta una herramienta informática capaz de analizar las necesidades de aprendizaje del estudiante al comienzo del curso, y de relacionarlas, al final del curso, con las capacidades adquiridas en el mismo. La herramienta AE-CS, actualmente en desarrollo, interpreta los resultados de los cuestionarios y los proyecta en un mapa, donde cada estudiante está posicionado de acuerdo con su perfil de conocimientos, permitiendo al profesor identificar grupos con carencias similares en su formación, segmentar grupos heterogéneos y mostrar la evolución de las competencias adquiridas durante el curso, todo ello sin necesidad de estar familiarizado con las técnicas de estadística e inteligencia artificial empleadas en el desarrollo de la herramienta.Peer Reviewe

La brecha de género en las empresas con actividad internacional: análisis del caso del Principado de Asturias

This work includes a gender perspective in the analysis of the international activity of firms located in the Principality of Asturias. It focuses on women involvement in firms’ international strategies, decisions, and activities. It shows a relevant gender gap: when dealing with firms’ internationalization, most decision makers are men, women face higher barriers and difficulties to get involved in this area. Furthermore, women that participate in firms’ internationalization decisions show a higher qualification than their male colleagues.Este trabajo de investigación analiza la actividad internacional de las empresas del Principado de Asturias desde una perspectiva de género, estudiando la implicación de las mujeres en las estrategias, decisiones y actividades internacionales de las empresas. El estudio evidencia la existencia de una notable brecha de género: no solo la mayor parte de las personas decisoras en el ámbito de la internacionalización empresarial son hombres, sino que las mujeres hacen frente a mayores limitaciones y obstáculos para implicarse en ella. Adicionalmente, las mujeres involucradas en decisiones y actividades internacionales presentan una cualificación superior a la de sus homólogos masculinos

Statistical reasoning with set-valued information : Ontic vs. epistemic views

International audienceIn information processing tasks, sets may have a conjunctive or a disjunctive reading. In the conjunctive reading, a set represents an object of interest and its elements are subparts of the object, forming a composite description. In the disjunctive reading, a set contains mutually exclusive elements and refers to the representation of incomplete knowledge. It does not model an actual object or quantity, but partial information about an underlying object or a precise quantity. This distinction between what we call ontic vs. epistemic sets remains valid for fuzzy sets, whose membership functions, in the disjunctive reading are possibility distributions, over deterministic or random values. This paper examines the impact of this distinction in statistics. We show its importance because there is a risk of misusing basic notions and tools, such as conditioning, distance between sets, variance, regression, etc. when data are set-valued. We discuss several examples where the ontic and epistemic points of view yield different approaches to these concepts

Three categories of set-valued generalisations from fuzzy sets to interval-valued and Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy sets

Many different notions included in the fuzzy set literature can be expressed in terms of functionals defined over collections of tuples of fuzzy sets. During the last decades, different authors have independently generalised those definitions to more general contexts, like interval-valued fuzzy sets and Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy sets. These generalised versions can be introduced either through a list of axioms or in a constructive manner. We can divide them into two further categories: setvalued and point-valued generalized functions. Here we deal with constructive set-valued generalisations. We review a long list of functions, sometimes defined in quite different contexts and we show that we can group all of them into three main different categories, each of them satisfying a specific formulation. We respectively call them the set-valued extension, the max-min extension and the max-min-varied extension. We conclude that the set-valued extension admits a disjunctive interpretation, while the max-min extension can be interpreted under an ontic perspective. Finally, the max-min varied extension provides a kind of compromise between both approaches.This work is partially supported by TIN2014-56967-R and TIN2017-84804-R (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation), TIN2016-77356-P(AEI/FEDER, UE) and FC-15-GRUPIN14-073 (Regional Ministry of the Principality of Asturias)