1,233 research outputs found
Modelling the relative velocities of isolated pairs of galaxies
We study the comoving relative velocities, v12, of model isolated galaxy
pairs at z=0.5. For this purpose, we use the predictions from the GALFORM
semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution based on a Lambda cold
dark matter cosmology consistent with the results from WMAP7. In real space, we
find that isolated pairs of galaxies are predicted to form an angle t with the
line-of-sight that is uniformily distributed as expected if the Universe is
homogeneous and isotropic. We also find that isolated pairs of galaxies
separated by a comoving distance between 1 and 3 Mpc/h are predicted to have
=0. For galaxies in this regime, the distribution of the angle t is
predicted to change minimally from real to redshift space, with a change
smaller than 5% in . However, the distances defining the comoving
regime strongly depends on the applied isolation criteria.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, SF2A 2013 Proceedin
Amplification and cloning of cDNAS of cytochrome P4501A1 and metallothionein genes from Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 and Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) by Race-PCR
The biotransformation of xenobiotics found in marine ecosystems is catalysed by inducible
systems, a property that makes them useful as early-warning biomarkers of environmental pollution.
We have focused our study on cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP 1A1) as a phase I response against
organic aromatic xenobiotics, and metallothionein (MT), which reflects pollution by transition
metals. The high homology existing between the sequences of both genes, already cloned in different
fish species, enabled us to design degenerate oligos to amplify by RT-PCR specific sequences
of CYP 1A1 and MT genes in two teleost fish species of the Spanish South Atlantic littoral,
the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758, and the grey mullet, Liza aurata
(Risso 1810). To this end, the expression of both genes was previously induced by intraperitoneal
injection with Aroclor 1254 (CYP 1A1) and CdCl2 (MT). The specific sequences for both genes
amplified by RT-PCR with degenerate oligos were subsequently used to design new, specific oligos
to obtain by Race-PCR (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) the complete cDNAs coding for
both genes in both fish species, which were subsequently cloned and sequenced. The coding sequences
and the corresponding proteins were compared with those already obtained in other
fish species. We are currently developing homologous probes for mRNA quantification using
molecular biology techniques in both fish species, to be employed as molecular biomarkers of
pollution in the Spanish South Atlantic littoralLa biotransformación de xenobióticos presentes en ecosistemas marinos está catalizada por varios sistemas
inducibles, lo que permite su uso como biomarcadores de alerta temprana de contaminación ambiental. Este
estudio se ha centrado en el citocromo P4501A1 (CYP 1A1), como respuesta de fase I contra xenobióticos orgánicos
aromáticos, y la metalotioneína (MT), que refleja la contaminación por metales de transición. La
alta homología existente entre las secuencias de ambos genes previamente clonados en diferentes especies de
peces permitió diseñar oligos degenerados para amplificar por RT-PCR secuencias específicas de los genes CYP
1A1 y MT en dos especies de peces teleósteos del litoral suratlántico español, la dorada Sparus aurata
Linnaeus, 1758 y la lisa Liza aurata (Risso, 1810). Para ello, la expresión de ambos genes se indujo por
inyección intraperitoneal con Aroclor 1254 (CYP 1A1) y CdCl2 (MT). Las secuencias específicas de ambos genes, amplificadas por RT-PCR con tales oligos, se usaron posteriormente para diseñar nuevos oligos específicos;
éstos se usaron para amplificar por Race-PCR (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) los cDNAs completos
que codifican tales genes en ambas especies de peces, que fueron posteriormente clonados y secuenciados.
Las secuencias codificantes y las proteínas correspondientes se han comparado con las obtenidas en otras especies
de peces. Actualmente se desarrollan sondas homólogas para cuantificar por métodos de biología molecular
los mRNAs específicos en ambos peces, para su uso como biomarcadores moleculares de contaminación
en el litoral suratlántico españo
Amplification and cloning of cDNAS of cytochrome P4501A1 and metallothionein genes from Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 and Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) by Race-PCR
The biotransformation of xenobiotics found in marine ecosystems is catalysed by inducible systems, a property that makes them useful as early-warning biomarkers of environmental pollution. We have focused our study on cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP 1A1) as a phase I response against organic aromatic xenobiotics, and metallothionein (MT), which reflects pollution by transition metals. The high homology existing between the sequences of both genes, already cloned in different fish species, enabled us to design degenerate oligos to amplify by RT-PCR specific sequences of CYP 1A1 and MT genes in two teleost fish species of the Spanish South Atlantic littoral, the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758, and the grey mullet, Liza aurata (Risso 1810). To this end, the expression of both genes was previously induced by intraperitoneal injection with Aroclor 1254 (CYP 1A1) and CdCl2 (MT). The specific sequences for both genes amplified by RT-PCR with degenerate oligos were subsequently used to design new, specific oligos to obtain by Race-PCR (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) the complete cDNAs coding for both genes in both fish species, which were subsequently cloned and sequenced. The coding sequences and the corresponding proteins were compared with those already obtained in other fish species. We are currently developing homologous probes for mRNA quantification using molecular biology techniques in both fish species, to be employed as molecular biomarkers of pollution in the Spanish South Atlantic littoral.La biotransformación de xenobióticos presentes en ecosistemas marinos está catalizada por varios sistemas inducibles, lo que permite su uso como biomarcadores de alerta temprana de contaminación ambiental. Este estudio se ha centrado en el citocromo P4501A1 (CYP 1A1), como respuesta de fase I contra xenobióticos orgánicos aromáticos, y la metalotioneína (MT), que refleja la contaminación por metales de transición. La alta homología existente entre las secuencias de ambos genes previamente clonados en diferentes especies de peces permitió diseñar oligos degenerados para amplificar por RT-PCR secuencias específicas de los genes CYP 1A1 y MT en dos especies de peces teleósteos del litoral suratlántico español, la dorada Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 y la lisa Liza aurata (Risso, 1810). Para ello, la expresión de ambos genes se indujo por inyección intraperitoneal con Aroclor 1254 (CYP 1A1) y CdCl2 (MT). Las secuencias específicas de ambos genes, amplificadas por RT-PCR con tales oligos, se usaron posteriormente para diseñar nuevos oligos específicos; éstos se usaron para amplificar por Race-PCR (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) los cDNAs completos que codifican tales genes en ambas especies de peces, que fueron posteriormente clonados y secuenciados. Las secuencias codificantes y las proteínas correspondientes se han comparado con las obtenidas en otras especies de peces. Actualmente se desarrollan sondas homólogas para cuantificar por métodos de biología molecular los mRNAs específicos en ambos peces, para su uso como biomarcadores moleculares de contaminación en el litoral suratlántico español.Instituto Español de Oceanografí
Jackknife resampling technique on mocks: an alternative method for covariance matrix estimation
We present a fast and robust alternative method to compute covariance matrix
in case of cosmology studies. Our method is based on the jackknife resampling
applied on simulation mock catalogues. Using a set of 600 BOSS DR11 mock
catalogues as a reference, we find that the jackknife technique gives a similar
galaxy clustering covariance matrix estimate by requiring a smaller number of
mocks. A comparison of convergence rates show that 7 times fewer
simulations are needed to get a similar accuracy on variance. We expect this
technique to be applied in any analysis where the number of available N-body
simulations is low.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, 2 table
Measurement of the t-channel single top quark production cross section
The D0 collaboration reports direct evidence for electroweak production of
single top quarks through the t-channel exchange of a virtual W boson. This is
the first analysis to isolate an individual single top quark production
channel. We select events containing an isolated electron or muon, missing
transverse energy, and two, three or four jets from 2.3 fb^-1 of ppbar
collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. One or two of the jets are
identified as containing a b hadron. We combine three multivariate techniques
optimized for the t-channel process to measure the t- and s-channel cross
sections simultaneously. We measure cross sections of 3.14 +0.94 -0.80 pb for
the t-channel and 1.05 +-0.81 pb for the s-channel. The measured t-channel
result is found to have a significance of 4.8 standard deviations and is
consistent with the standard model prediction.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Search for new fermions ("quirks") at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider
We report results of a search for particles with anomalously high ionization
in events with a high transverse energy jet and large missing transverse energy
in fb of integrated luminosity collected by the D0 experiment at
the Fermilab Tevatron collider. Production of such particles
(quirks) is expected in scenarios with extra QCD-like {\it SU(N)} sectors, and
this study is the first dedicated search for such signatures. We find no
evidence of a signal and set a lower mass limit of 107 ~GeV for the mass of a
charged quirk with strong dynamics scale in the range from 10 keV to
1 MeV.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. Letter
Measurement of the B0_s semileptonic branching ratio to an orbitally excited D_s** state, Br(B0_s -> Ds1(2536) mu nu)
In a data sample of approximately 1.3 fb-1 collected with the D0 detector
between 2002 and 2006, the orbitally excited charm state D_s1(2536) has been
observed with a measured mass of 2535.7 +/- 0.6 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst) MeV via
the decay mode B0_s -> D_s1(2536) mu nu X. A first measurement is made of the
branching ratio product Br(b(bar) -> D_s1(2536) mu nu X).Br(D_s1(2536)->D*
K0_S). Assuming that D_s1(2536) production in semileptonic decay is entirely
from B0_s, an extraction of the semileptonic branching ratio Br(B0_s ->
D_s1(2536) mu nu X) is made.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX, version with minor changes as accepted by
Phys. Rev. Let
Measurements of differential cross sections of Z/gamma*+jets+X events in proton anti-proton collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV
We present cross section measurements for Z/gamma*+jets+X production,
differential in the transverse momenta of the three leading jets. The data
sample was collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron proton
anti-proton collider at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV and corresponds to
an integrated luminosity of 1 fb-1. Leading and next-to-leading order
perturbative QCD predictions are compared with the measurements, and agreement
is found within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties. We also make
comparisons with the predictions of four event generators. Two
parton-shower-based generators show significant shape and normalization
differences with respect to the data. In contrast, two generators combining
tree-level matrix elements with a parton shower give a reasonable description
of the the shapes observed in data, but the predicted normalizations show
significant differences with respect to the data, reflecting large scale
uncertainties. For specific choices of scales, the normalizations for either
generator can be made to agree with the measurements.Comment: Published in PLB. 11 pages, 3 figure
Simultaneous measurement of the ratio B(t->Wb)/B(t->Wq) and the top quark pair production cross section with the D0 detector at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
We present the first simultaneous measurement of the ratio of branching
fractions, R=B(t->Wb)/B(t->Wq), with q being a d, s, or b quark, and the top
quark pair production cross section sigma_ttbar in the lepton plus jets channel
using 0.9 fb-1 of ppbar collision data at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV collected with the
D0 detector. We extract R and sigma_ttbar by analyzing samples of events with
0, 1 and >= 2 identified b jets. We measure R = 0.97 +0.09-0.08 (stat+syst) and
sigma_ttbar = 8.18 +0.90-0.84 (stat+syst)} +/-0.50 (lumi) pb, in agreement with
the standard model prediction.Comment: submitted to Phys.Rev.Letter
Measurement of the W boson mass
We present a measurement of the W boson mass in W -> ev decays using 1 fb^-1
of data collected with the D0 detector during Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron
collider. With a sample of 499830 W -> ev candidate events, we measure M_W =
80.401 +- 0.043 GeV. This is the most precise measurement from a single
experiment.Comment: As published in PR
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