TERRITÓRIO INDÍGENA E ENERGIA ELÉTRICA

Esse artigo relata ações desenvolvidas por um projeto de pesquisa que se encontra em sua fase inicial, direcionado ao povo indígena Kaingang do Território Indígena Apucarana, na cidade de Tamarana no Norte do estado do Paraná.  O projeto de pesquisa em questão visa a realização de ações na referida Terra Indígena que, em conjunto com os sujeitos sociais, possam promover o uso consciente de energia elétrica e com isso, espera-se que parte dos recursos da compensação financeira sejam destinados a atender outras demandas do coletivo. Assim, objetiva-se nesse texto discutir sobre as questões energéticas presente na TI do Apucarana e o desenvolvimento do projeto até o primeiro semestre de 2023. Para tanto, optou-se por pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, seguida de revisão bibliográfica e documental

Religiosidade prejudicada e sofrimento espiritual em pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids

Objetivo: Verificar a inferência dos Diagnósticos de Enfermagem, Religiosidade prejudicada e Sofrimento espiritual em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um Serviço de Assistência Especializada de Recife, Pernambuco, de junho a novembro de 2015. Os resultados relacionados às 52 pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS entrevistadas foram analisados por três juízes enfermeiros.Resultados: Estimou-se em 73,1% (38) a incidência de Sofrimento espiritual, 36,5% (19) de Religiosidade prejudicada, com número médio de características definidoras de 3,88±2,05 e 2,55±0,69. A principal característica definidora para a Religiosidade prejudicada foi: “relata necessidade de reconectar-se com crenças anteriores” (92,3%); e para Sofrimento espiritual: “expressa falta de finalidade na vida/expressa falta de significado na vida” (86,5%).Conclusões: Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de considerar a dimensão religiosa-espiritual nos protocolos assistenciais e de pesquisa em enfermagem.Palavras-chave: Espiritualidade. HIV. Diagnóstico de enfermagem

Avaliação preliminar do Serviço de Saúde Escolar da IX Região Administrativa, Rio de Janeiro: estudo da população coberta e análise operacional de um subprograma

A preliminary evaluation of the School Health Service of the State of Rio de Janeiro's Ninth Administrative Region was performed as result of an agreement between the Institute of Social Medicine belonging to the State of Rio de Janeiro University and the State Department of Health. Through an analysis of the school-children's health level and an operational study of the health register subprogramme, high morbidity rates were found as was also a small percentage of children having received previous medical care. The effectiveness of the programme and the identification of problems in the technical and administrative area of the Service were determined. Among the results the need to complete the Service's evaluation through the use of the efficacy, efficiency and yielding criteria considering the availability of funds for planning and administration was emphasized. It is important to increase interaction between University and Community services in order to supply the former with conditions that enable the development of human resources adequate to the Community health conditions providing the latter with the necessary implementation of new techniques and patterns of attention.Foi realizada uma avaliação preliminar do Serviço de Saúde Escolar da IX Região Administrativa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, como resultado do convênio firmado entre o Instituto de Medicina Social da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e a Secretaria de Saúde do Estado. Através de estudo do nível de saúde entre os escolares e da análise operacional do subprograma de Registro de Saúde, diagnosticaram-se elevados índices de morbidade e pequena proporção de crianças com assistência médica prévia, além de determinar-se a efetividade do programa e de identificar-se problemas no processo técnico-administrativo do Serviço. Dentre as conclusões destaca-se a necessidade de completar a avaliação do Serviço, através da determinação dos critérios de eficiência, eficácia e rendimento, tendo em vista o fornecimento de subsídios para as tarefas de planejamento e administração. É enfatizada a necessidade de ampliação das medidas integradoras dos serviços universitários com os serviços da comunidade, no sentido de fornecer aos primeiros as condições de realizar, através de prestação de serviços, uma formação dos recursos humanos de acordo com a situação de saúde da comunidade, e aos segundos a necessária implementação de novas técnicas e modelos de assistência

Genome of Herbaspirillum seropedicae Strain SmR1, a Specialized Diazotrophic Endophyte of Tropical Grasses

The molecular mechanisms of plant recognition, colonization, and nutrient exchange between diazotrophic endophytes and plants are scarcely known. Herbaspirillum seropedicae is an endophytic bacterium capable of colonizing intercellular spaces of grasses such as rice and sugar cane. The genome of H. seropedicae strain SmR1 was sequenced and annotated by The Paraná State Genome Programme—GENOPAR. The genome is composed of a circular chromosome of 5,513,887 bp and contains a total of 4,804 genes. The genome sequence revealed that H. seropedicae is a highly versatile microorganism with capacity to metabolize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources and with possession of four distinct terminal oxidases. The genome contains a multitude of protein secretion systems, including type I, type II, type III, type V, and type VI secretion systems, and type IV pili, suggesting a high potential to interact with host plants. H. seropedicae is able to synthesize indole acetic acid as reflected by the four IAA biosynthetic pathways present. A gene coding for ACC deaminase, which may be involved in modulating the associated plant ethylene-signaling pathway, is also present. Genes for hemagglutinins/hemolysins/adhesins were found and may play a role in plant cell surface adhesion. These features may endow H. seropedicae with the ability to establish an endophytic life-style in a large number of plant species

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity

Diversity and ethics in trauma and acute care surgery teams: results from an international survey

Background Investigating the context of trauma and acute care surgery, the article aims at understanding the factors that can enhance some ethical aspects, namely the importance of patient consent, the perceptiveness of the ethical role of the trauma leader, and the perceived importance of ethics as an educational subject. Methods The article employs an international questionnaire promoted by the World Society of Emergency Surgery. Results Through the analysis of 402 fully filled questionnaires by surgeons from 72 different countries, the three main ethical topics are investigated through the lens of gender, membership of an academic or non-academic institution, an official trauma team, and a diverse group. In general terms, results highlight greater attention paid by surgeons belonging to academic institutions, official trauma teams, and diverse groups. Conclusions Our results underline that some organizational factors (e.g., the fact that the team belongs to a university context or is more diverse) might lead to the development of a higher sensibility on ethical matters. Embracing cultural diversity forces trauma teams to deal with different mindsets. Organizations should, therefore, consider those elements in defining their organizational procedures. Level of evidence Trauma and acute care teams work under tremendous pressure and complex circumstances, with their members needing to make ethical decisions quickly. The international survey allowed to shed light on how team assembly decisions might represent an opportunity to coordinate team member actions and increase performance