Determinant factors in the teaching-learning of sport from emotional perspective.

Desde la neurociencia y psicología se está poniendo de manifiesto la importancia de las emociones en el aprendizaje (Diamond, 2012; Forés et al. 2015; Mora, 2013; Vázquez y Hervás, 2009). Cuando el entrenador/profesor tiene bienestar emocional, manifiesta actitudes positivas y genera climas de aprendizaje orientados hacia la tarea los aprendizajes son más efectivos. Asimismo, el establecimiento de metas y la regulación de las emociones se muestran decisivos en el proceso de aprendizaje. Por todo ello, el entrenador/profesor tiene la responsabilidad de hacer planteamientos de enseñanza desde una perspectiva emocional, en donde a la hora de enseñar se considere el establecimiento de objetivos, los climas de aprendizaje positivos y la regulación emocional.From neuroscience and psychology it is highlighting the importance of emotions in learning (Diamond, 2012; Forés et al. 2015; Mora, 2013; Vázquez and Hervás, 2009). When the coach / teacher has emotional well-being and expresses positive attitudes are more effective learning. Also, goal-setting and regulation of emotions is crucial in the learning process. Therefore, the coach / teacher has the responsibility to make teaching approaches from an emotional perspective, where teaching when setting goals, positive learning climates and emotional regulation is considered.peerReviewe

Changes induced by diet and nutritional intake in the lipid profile of female professional volleyball players after 11 weeks of training

[EN] Background: The relationship between cardiovascular disease and lipid profile is well known. Apart from a heart-healthy diet, exercise is the primary factor that can modify this lipid-associated cardiovascular risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate potential changes in the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLc), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc), as well as atherogenic indices (TC/HDLc and LDLc/HDLc), and also to analyse the diet over 11 weeks of training in female professional volleyball players.Methods: The lipid profile of 22 female professional volleyball players was analysed on Day T0 (pre-preseason) and Day T11 (after 11 weeks of training). The consumption of fats by the players was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire, confirmed by seven days of full dietary records.Results: By the end of the study, the LDLc levels and both atherogenic indices of the players had decreased (p < 0.05) compared to the values obtained at baseline. In addition, the diet of the players contained 35.5 ± 3.2% of fats (saturated fatty acid: 11.1 ± 1.2%, monounsaturated fatty acid: 14.3 ± 1.9%, and polyunsaturated fatty acid: 7.0 ± 1.1%) and 465 ± 57 mg of dietary cholesterol. Their score for the (monounsaturated + polyunsaturated fatty acid)/saturated fatty acid ratio was 1.9 ± 0.4, less than the recommended ≥ 2.Conclusion: These data indicate that the activity of the female professional volleyball players during the first 11 weeks of training in the season was heart healthy, because their lipid profile improved, despite an inadequate intake of fatsS

Cluster headache: an update on clinical features, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment

Cluster headache (CH) is one of the worst primary headaches that remain underdiagnosed and inappropriately treated. There are recent advances in the understanding of this disease and available treatments. This paper aims to review CH's recent clinical and pathophysiological findings, diagnosis, and treatment. We performed a narrative literature review on the socio-demographics, clinical presentations, pathophysiological findings, and diagnosis and treatment of CH. CH affects 0.1% of the population with an incidence of 2.07–9.8/100,00 person-years-habitants, a mean prevalence of 53/100,000 inhabitants (3–150/100,000 inhabitants). The male-to-female ratio remains inconclusive, as the ratio of 4.3:1 has recently been modified to 1.3–2.6, possibly due to previous misdiagnosis in women. Episodic presentation is the most frequent (80%). It is a polygenetic and multifactorial entity that involves dysfunction of the trigeminovascular system, the trigeminal autonomic reflex, and the hypothalamic networks. An MRI of the brain is mandatory to exclude secondary etiologies. There are effective and safe pharmacological treatments oxygen, sphenopalatine, and great occipital nerve block, with the heterogeneity of clinical trial designs for patients with CH divided into acute, transitional, or bridge treatment (prednisone) and preventive interventions. In conclusion, CH remains underdiagnosed, mainly due to a lack of awareness within the medical community, frequently causing a long delay in reaching a final diagnosis. Recent advances in understanding the principal risk factors and underlying pathophysiology exist. There are new therapeutic possibilities that are effective for CH. Indeed, a better understanding of this challenging pathology will continue to be a subject of research, study, and discoveries in its diagnostic and therapeutic approach

Desired weight loss and its association with health, health behaviors and perceptions in an adult population with weight excess: One-year follow-up

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) worsens quality of life and increases mortality. Dissatisfaction with weight in patients with MetS may modify the effect of lifestyle interventions to achieve changes in health-related behaviors. Objective: To assess 1-year changes in cardiovascular risk scores, self-perceived general health and health-related behaviors according to observed changes in desired weight loss during the first year of intervention in a large cardiovascular prevention trial. Design: Prospective analysis of the PREDIMED-PLUS trial, including 5,499 adults (55-75 years old) with overweight or obesity at baseline. Methods: The desired weight loss was the difference between ideal and measured weight. Tertiles of change in desired weight loss (1 year vs. baseline) were defined by the following cut-off points: >= 0.0 kg (T1, n = 1,638); 0.0 to -4.0 kg (T2, n = 1,903); <=-4.0 kg (T3, n = 1,958). A food frequency questionnaire assessed diet and the Minnesota-REGICOR questionnaire assessed physical activity. The Framingham equation assessed cardiovascular risks. The changes in the severity of MetS were also assessed. The Beck Depression Inventory assessed depressive symptoms and the SF-36 assessed health-related quality of life. Data were analyzed using general linear models. Results: BMI decreased at T2 and T3 (T1: 0.3, T2: -0.7, T3: -1.9). The most significant improvement in diet quality was observed at T3. Cardiovascular risk decreased at T2 and T3. Mean reductions in MetS severity score were: -0.02 at T1, -0.39 at T2 and -0.78 at T3. The perception of physical health increases in successive tertiles. Conclusions: In older adults with MetS, more ambitious desired weight loss goals were associated with improvements in diet, cardiovascular health and perceived physical health during the first year of a healthy lifestyle intervention programme. Weight dissatisfaction needs to be considered by health professionals

Polymorphisms within the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 Loci influence the risk of developing invasive aspergillosis: A two-stage case control study in the context of the aspBIOmics consortium

Here, we assessed whether 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 loci influence the risk of developing invasive aspergillosis (IA). We conducted a two-stage case control study including 911 high-risk patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies that were ascertained through the aspBIOmics consortium. The meta-analysis of the discovery and replication populations revealed that carriers of the TNFSF4rs7526628T/T genotype had a significantly increased risk of developing IA (p = 0.00022). We also found that carriers of the TNFSF4rs7526628T allele showed decreased serum levels of TNFSF14 protein (p = 0.0027), and that their macrophages had a decreased fungicidal activity (p = 0.048). In addition, we observed that each copy of the MAPKAPK2rs12137965G allele increased the risk of IA by 60% (p = 0.0017), whereas each copy of the MAPKAPK2rs17013271T allele was estimated to decrease the risk of developing the disease (p = 0.0029). Mechanistically, we found that carriers of the risk MAPKAPK2rs12137965G allele showed increased numbers of CD38+IgM-IgD- plasmablasts in blood (p = 0.00086), whereas those harboring two copies of the allele had decreased serum concentrations of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (p = 0.00097). Finally, we also found that carriers of the protective MAPKAPK2rs17013271T allele had decreased numbers of CD27-IgM-IgD- B cells (p = 0.00087) and significantly lower numbers of CD14+ and CD14+CD16- cells (p = 0.00018 and 0.00023). Altogether, these results suggest a role of the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 genes in determining IA risk.This study was supported by grants PI20/01845, PI12/02688, and ISCIII-FEDER PI17/02276 from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (Madrid, Spain), PIM2010EPA-00756 from the ERA-NET PathoGenoMics (0315900A), the Collaborative Research Center/Transregio 124 FungiNet, the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) (PTDC/SAU-SER/29635/2017, PTDC/MED-GEN/28778/2017, CEECIND/03628/2017, and CEECIND/04058/2018), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 847507, and the "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434) and FCT under the agreement LCF/PR/HP17/52190003)

Riesgo quirúrgico tras resección pulmonar anatómica en cirugía torácica. Modelo predictivo a partir de una base de datos nacional multicéntrica

Introduction: the aim of this study was to develop a surgical risk prediction model in patients undergoing anatomic lung resections from the registry of the Spanish Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Group (GEVATS). Methods: data were collected from 3,533 patients undergoing anatomic lung resection for any diagnosis between December 20, 2016 and March 20, 2018. We defined a combined outcome variable: death or Clavien Dindo grade IV complication at 90 days after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by logistic regression. Internal validation of the model was performed using resampling techniques. Results: the incidence of the outcome variable was 4.29% (95% CI 3.6-4.9). The variables remaining in the final logistic model were: age, sex, previous lung cancer resection, dyspnea (mMRC), right pneumonectomy, and ppo DLCO. The performance parameters of the model adjusted by resampling were: C-statistic 0.712 (95% CI 0.648-0.750), Brier score 0.042 and bootstrap shrinkage 0.854. Conclusions: the risk prediction model obtained from the GEVATS database is a simple, valid, and reliable model that is a useful tool for establishing the risk of a patient undergoing anatomic lung resection

Time to Switch to Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Europe and Thailand.

Background: Data on durability of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are limited. We assessed time to switch to second-line therapy in 16 European countries and Thailand. Methods: Children aged <18 years initiating combination ART (≥2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors [NRTIs] plus nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor [NNRTI] or boosted protease inhibitor [PI]) were included. Switch to second-line was defined as (i) change across drug class (PI to NNRTI or vice versa) or within PI class plus change of ≥1 NRTI; (ii) change from single to dual PI; or (iii) addition of a new drug class. Cumulative incidence of switch was calculated with death and loss to follow-up as competing risks. Results: Of 3668 children included, median age at ART initiation was 6.1 (interquartile range (IQR), 1.7-10.5) years. Initial regimens were 32% PI based, 34% nevirapine (NVP) based, and 33% efavirenz based. Median duration of follow-up was 5.4 (IQR, 2.9-8.3) years. Cumulative incidence of switch at 5 years was 21% (95% confidence interval, 20%-23%), with significant regional variations. Median time to switch was 30 (IQR, 16-58) months; two-thirds of switches were related to treatment failure. In multivariable analysis, older age, severe immunosuppression and higher viral load (VL) at ART start, and NVP-based initial regimens were associated with increased risk of switch. Conclusions: One in 5 children switched to a second-line regimen by 5 years of ART, with two-thirds failure related. Advanced HIV, older age, and NVP-based regimens were associated with increased risk of switch

O processo de tornar-se excelente no esporte: o caso de Pau Gasol

La presente investigación se centra en conocer el proceso de llegar a ser excelente en el deporte a través de un estudio de caso único. Con el método biográfco se han analizado tres grandes dimensiones (deportiva, social y personal) que incluyen 5, 4 y 8 categorías respectivamente. Así, se seleccionaron las fuentes biográfcas de Pau Gasol porque eran las que mejor se adaptaban a la propuesta del estudio y al sistema categorial establecido en función de otras investigaciones y del marco conceptual. Además, se han tenido en cuenta los criterios de transferibilidad y credibilidad para dotar de calidad la investigación. Los resultados indican que, para conseguir la excelencia en el deporte, es muy importante la motivación intrínseca y de logro para esforzarse y sacrifcarse tanto en el entrenamiento formal como en la práctica por cuenta propia, planteando desafíos y superando las difcultades, aprendiendo de los errores. A nivel social destaca la importancia de la familia como apoyo emocional, como facilitadores y modelos de la práctica deportiva, transmitiendo el valor del esfuerzo. Respecto al entrenador existe un perfl con roles diferenciados entre las etapas formativas y la éliteAbstract: Te existing research focuses on understanding the process of transitioning towards excellence in sport through a single case study. Trough the implementation of the biographical methodology, three major dimensions have been analyzed (sporting, social, and personal), of which include 5, 4 and 8 categories respectively. Tus, biographical sources were selected from subject Pau Gasol because they were the best suited to the proposal of the study and the categorial system established based on other research and the conceptual framework. In addition, it would have taken into account the criteria of transferability and credibility to provide quality research. Te results indicate that, in order to achieve excellence in sport, it is vital that the athlete is driven by intrinsic motivation, a self-dedication that permits for sacrifces to be made in order to co-train and self-train, and ultimately a resilience to overcome and learn from mistakes. Te social factor stresses the importance of the family as the emotional support, as facilitators and models of the practice of sports, transmitting the value of efort. With regard to the coach, there is a profle with diferent roles between the formative stages and the elite.Resumo: A presente pesquisa enfoca a compreensão do processo de obtenção de ser excelente no desporto através de um único estudo de caso. Com o método biográfco foram analisadas três grandes dimensões (sporting, sociais e pessoais) que incluem 5, 4 e 8 categorias respectivamente. Assim, fontes biográfcas foram selecionados de Pau Gasol porque eles eram os mais adequados para a proposta do estudo e o sistema categorial estabelecido com base de outras actividades de investigação e o quadro conceptual. Além disso, teria tomado em consideração os critérios de transferibilidade e credibilidade para fornecer a investigação de qualidade. Os resultados indicam que a fm de alcançar a excelência no desporto, é muito importante para a motivação intrínseca e realização a lutar e sacrifcados em ambos o treinamento formal como na prática por sua própria conta, colocam desafos e superar as difculdades de aprendizagem com os erros. Em nível social sublinha a importância da família como suporte emocional como facilitadores e os modelos de prática de esportes, transmitindo o valor de esforço. No que diz respeito ao treinador existe um perfl com diferentes papéis entre a fases formativas e elit

FACTORES DETERMINANTES EN LA ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE DEL DEPORTE DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA EMOCIONAL [Determinant factors in the teaching-learning of sport from emotional perspective]

Desde la neurociencia y psicología se está poniendo de manifiesto la importancia de las emociones en el aprendizaje (Diamond, 2012; Forés et al. 2015; Mora, 2013; Vázquez y Hervás, 2009). Cuando el entrenador/profesor tiene bienestar emocional, manifiesta actitudes positivas y genera climas de aprendizaje orientados hacia la tarea los aprendizajes son más efectivos. Asimismo, el establecimiento de metas y la regulación de las emociones se muestran decisivos en el proceso de aprendizaje. Por todo ello, el entrenador/profesor tiene la responsabilidad de hacer planteamientos de enseñanza desde una perspectiva emocional, en donde a la hora de enseñar se considere el establecimiento de objetivos, los climas de aprendizaje positivos y la regulación emocional. Abstract From neuroscience and psychology it is highlighting the importance of emotions in learning (Diamond, 2012; Forés et al. 2015; Mora, 2013; Vázquez and Hervás, 2009). When the coach / teacher has emotional well-being and expresses positive attitudes are more effective learning. Also, goal-setting and regulation of emotions is crucial in the learning process. Therefore, the coach / teacher has the responsibility to make teaching approaches from an emotional perspective, where teaching when setting goals, positive learning climates and emotional regulation is considered