Intervenções de esperança na doença crónica: uma revisão integrativa à luz de Nightingale

Objective: To identify the available evidence in the scientific literature about the strategies or interventions used to promote hope in people with chronic diseases. Method: An integrative literature review of literature published between 2009-2019, which was conducted in online browsers/databases: b-On, EBSCO, PubMed, Medline, ISI, SciELO, PsycINFO, Google Scholar. Forty-one studies were found, of which eight met the inclusion criteria. Results: Most studies used a quantitative approach. There was a predominance of studies from Asia and America, addressing patients with multiple sclerosis, diabetes, congestive heart failure, and cancer. Hope-based interventions were categorized by the hope attributes: experiential process, spiritual/transcendence process, rational thought process, and relational process. Conclusion: Hope-based interventions, in its essence, are good clinical practices in the physical, psychological, social and spiritual domains. This is congruent with the vision of nursing, first proposed by Florence Nightingale. There seem to be gaps in the literature regarding specific hope promoting interventions.Objetivo: Identificar as evidências disponíveis na literatura científica sobre as estratégias ou intervenções utilizadas para promover a esperança em pessoas com doença crônica. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura (2009 a 2019), realizada em navegadores/bases de dados on-line: b-On, EBSCO, PubMed, Medline, ISI, SciELO, PsycINFO, Google Scholar. Foram encontrados 41 estudos, 8 dos quais preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Resultados: A maioria dos estudos utilizou abordagem quantitativa. Predominaram trabalhos da Ásia e América, abordando pacientes com esclerose múltipla, diabetes, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva e câncer. As intervenções foram categorizadas pelos atributos da esperança: processo experiencial, processo espiritual/transcendente, processo de pensamento racional e processo relacional. Conclusão: As intervenções baseadas na esperança, em sua essência, são boas práticas clínicas nos domínios físico, psicológico, social e espiritual. Isso é congruente com a visão da enfermagem holística proposta por Florence Nightingale. Parece haver lacunas na literatura relativas a intervenções específicas de promoção da esperança.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O bem-estar e a saúde mental dos adolescentes portugueses

The objective of this study was to analyze the mental health and quality of life of Portuguese adolescents. A total of 8215 Portuguese adolescents (52.7% girls) attending the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th grades in Portugal were included in the Health Behavior in School aged Children (HBSC) study. Adolescents were asked about their quality of life and aspects related to their mental health. The psychological variables related to mental health have a high explanatory value of quality of life and subjective well-being. Gender and school year differences were identified, with girls and older adolescents showing more mental health related risk factors. Anxiety and stress, physical and psychological symptoms, worries, depressive symptoms, the perception of happiness and quality of life are important factors for understanding and characterizing the mental health of adolescents. The development of socio-emotional and interpersonal relationships skills are factors related to protection in the mental health and quality of life of adolescents.O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a saúde mental e qualidade de vida dos adolescentes portugueses. Participaram no estudo 8215 adolescentes portugueses (52,7% meninas), que frequentavam o 6º, 8º, 10º ano e 12º anos de escolaridade em Portugal continental, no âmbito do estudo do Health Behaviour in School aged Children (HBSC). Perguntou-se aos adolescentes sobre a sua qualidade de vida e aspetos relacionados com a sua saúde mental. As variáveis psicológicas e relacionadas com a saúde mental apresentam um elevado valor explicativo da qualidade de vida e bem- -estar subjetivo. Foram identificadas diferenças de género e de ano de escolaridade, sendo que as meninas e os adolescentes mais velhos revelaram mais fatores ligados ao risco ao nível da saúde mental. A ansiedade e stress, os sintomas físicos e psicológicos, as preocupações, os sintomas depressivos, a perceção de felicidade e de qualidade de vida são fatores importantes para compreensão e caracterização da saúde mental dos adolescentes. O desenvolvimento de competências socioemocionais e de relacionamento interpessoal são fatores ligados à proteção no âmbito da saúde mental e qualidade de vida dos adolescentes.Gina Tomé é apoiada pela Bolsa FCT (SFRH/BPD/108637/2015). Diego Gómez-Baya é apoiado pela Beca Iberoamerica Santander Investigacion/FMH/UL.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

10 Anos da Participação Portuguesa na IFOR

Seminário aberto ao público, realizado no Instituto da Defesa Nacional no dia 5 de Abril de 2006. Sessão de abertura, João Marques de Almeida, director do Instituto da Defesa Nacional. Painel 1, intervenções de António Vitorino e Gabriel Calderon de Cerqueira Rocha; moderadora Teresa Leal Coelho. Painel 2, intervenções de António Luciano Fontes Ramos, João Manuel Mariz Fernandes; moderador, João Vieira Borges. A sessão de encerramento esteve a cargo de Manuel Lobo Antunes, Secretário de Estado da Defesa Nacional e dos Assuntos do Mar.N/

Comparative Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing Infections and Disease Progression from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 and BA.2, Portugal

We estimated comparative primary and booster vaccine effectiveness (VE) of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 and BA.2 lineages against infection and disease progression. During April-June 2022, we implemented a case-case and cohort study and classified lineages using whole-genome sequencing or spike gene target failure. For the case-case study, we estimated the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of vaccination using a logistic regression. For the cohort study, we estimated VE against disease progression using a penalized logistic regression. We observed no reduced VE for primary (aOR 1.07 [95% CI 0.93-1.23]) or booster (aOR 0.96 [95% CI 0.84-1.09]) vaccination against BA.5 infection. Among BA.5 case-patients, booster VE against progression to hospitalization was lower than that among BA.2 case-patients (VE 77% [95% CI 49%-90%] vs. VE 93% [95% CI 86%-97%]). Although booster vaccination is less effective against BA.5 than against BA.2, it offers substantial protection against progression from BA.5 infection to severe disease.The acquisition of sequencing equipment and reagents used in this study by the Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge was partially funded by the HERA project (grant no. 2021/PHF/23776) supported by the European Commission through the European Centre for Disease Control, and also partially funded by the GenomePT project (grant no. POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020–Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation, Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme, Algarve Portugal Regional Operational, under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund, and by the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation. Algarve Biomedical Center Laboratory received public funding through the Project ALG-D2-2021-06 Variants Screen in Southern Portugal– Monitoring Variants of Concern in Southern Portugal and the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation national support through the Comprehensive Health Research Center (grant no. UIDP/04923/2020)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Festa do Bioblitz Açores 2023: tantas espécies que vivem no Jardim!

No passado dia 17 de junho de 2023 a Terceira, conhecida entre os açorianos como a ilha festeira, recebeu novamente a festa do bioblitz – BioBlitz Açores 2023. Tal como no primeiro BioBlitz Açores em 2019, o Jardim Duque da Terceira em Angra do Heroísmo foi o local escolhido para a realização desta cada vez mais conhecida atividade de ciência cidadã: “cidadãos comuns” sem formação formal em ciência, orientados por especialistas, participaram na produção de conhecimento científico, neste caso em particular, sobre a biodiversidade que existe nos Açores. E como de um BioBlitz se trata, foram seguidas as diretrizes para este tipo de evento, isto é, a inventariação da biodiversidade, realizada conjuntamente por cientistas e participantes leigos, ocorreu durante um período limitado, sessões com cerca de duas horas, e numa área bem definida, o Jardim Duque da Terceira.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Viral genetic clustering and transmission dynamics of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Portugal

Pathogen genome sequencing during epidemics enhances our ability to identify and understand suspected clusters and investigate their relationships. Here, we combine genomic and epidemiological data of the 2022 mpox outbreak to better understand early viral spread, diversification and transmission dynamics. By sequencing 52% of the confirmed cases in Portugal, we identified the mpox virus sublineages with the highest impact on case numbers and fitted them into a global context, finding evidence that several international sublineages probably emerged or spread early in Portugal. We estimated a 62% infection reporting rate and that 1.3% of the population of men who have sex with men in Portugal were infected. We infer the critical role played by sexual networks and superspreader gatherings, such as sauna attendance, in the dissemination of mpox virus. Overall, our findings highlight genomic epidemiology as a tool for the real-time monitoring and control of mpox epidemics, and can guide future vaccine policy in a highly susceptible population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Viral genetic clustering and transmission dynamics of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Portugal

Pathogen genome sequencing during epidemics enhances our ability to identify and understand suspected clusters and investigate their relationships. Here, we combine genomic and epidemiological data of the 2022 mpox outbreak to better understand early viral spread, diversification and transmission dynamics. By sequencing 52% of the confirmed cases in Portugal, we identified the mpox virus sublineages with the highest impact on case numbers and fitted them into a global context, finding evidence that several international sublineages probably emerged or spread early in Portugal. We estimated a 62% infection reporting rate and that 1.3% of the population of men who have sex with men in Portugal were infected. We infer the critical role played by sexual networks and superspreader gatherings, such as sauna attendance, in the dissemination of mpox virus. Overall, our findings highlight genomic epidemiology as a tool for the real-time monitoring and control of mpox epidemics, and can guide future vaccine policy in a highly susceptible population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men