The influence of the factor "Knowledge about the disease" in the control of the hypertensive patient.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de FarmáciaA passagem do futuro farmacêutico pelos setores da farmácia hospitalar ecomunitária é da máxima importância para a sua formação profissional. Assim serãoabordadas as análises de cada um dos estágios realizados nas duas áreas (Capítulos 1 e 2), deforma a ressalvar as vantagens que cada um deles proporcionou, bem como as dificuldadesencontradas e as possibilidades de melhoria futuras.Serão feitas análises SWOT dos dois estágios curriculares, de modo a analisar osfatores internos, que são traduzidos em pontos fortes e pontos fracos, bem como dosfatores externos que constituíram forças e fraquezas observadas ao longo dos estágios. Seráapresentada a monografia intitulada - A influência do fator “Conhecimento sobre a doença”no controlo do doente hipertenso - que visa elucidar de que forma este fator contribui parao controlo e gestão da doença.No que diz respeito à prestação de cuidados de saúde, o farmacêutico assume umpapel da maior relevância. Seja no contexto da farmácia hospitalar ou comunitária, éimportante a passagem do futuro farmacêutico por estes setores, de modo a assimilar asresponsabilidades e exigências que acompanham a profissão. Daí que seja pertinente arealização de estágios curriculares em ambas as áreas, com vista a integrar os conhecimentosteóricos adquiridos durante a formação académica na realidade do mercado de trabalho.O primeiro estágio teve lugar no Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, sob orientação da Dra.Joaquina Sanganha, de 8 de janeiro a 28 fevereiro de 2018. O segundo estágio decorreu naFarmácia Monte Real, entre 1 de março e 25 de junho de 2018, sob a orientação da Dra.Patrícia Lopes.No capítulo 3 será abordado o tema – A influência do fator “Conhecimento sobre adoença” no controlo do doente hipertenso – que faz parte do projeto de investigaçãointitulado – Avaliação de fatores que influenciam o controlo da pressão arterial em doenteshipertensos: conhecimento, crenças e adesão – que visa avaliar, numa amostra de doenteshipertensos, em contexto de farmácia comunitária, a correlação entre o nível deconhecimentos acerca da doença, as crenças sobre a medicação, o grau de adesão àterapêutica e o grau de controlo da hipertensão.The passage of the future pharmacist by the hospital and community pharmacy setorsis of the utmost importance for their professional training. Thus, the analyzes of each of theinternships in each of the two areas (Chapters 1 and 2) will be addressed, so as to highlightthe advantages that each provided, as well as the difficulties encountered and futurepossibilities for improvement.SWOT analyzes of the two curricular internships will be done in order to analyze theinternal factos, that are translated into strengths and weaknesses, as well as the externalfactors that constituted opportunities and threats observed during the internships. Themonography entitled - The influence of the factor "Knowledge about the disease" in thecontrol of the hypertensive patient - will be presented, which aims to elucidate how thisfactor contributes to the control and management of the disease.With regard to the provision of health care, the pharmacist assumes the most relevant role. Whether it is in the context of the hospital or community pharmacy, it is important to pass the pharmaceutical future by these sectors, in order to assimilate as responsibilities and reforms that accompany a profession. Hence it is pertinent to undertake curricular internships in both areas, in order to integrate the theoretical knowledge acquired during an academic training in the reality of the labor market.The first place took place in the Hospital Center of Leiria, under the guidance of Dr.Joaquina Sanganha, from January 8 to February 28, 2018. The second stage was held at Monte Real Pharmacy, between March 1 and June 25, 2018, under the guidance of Dr. Patrícia Lopes.In Chapter 3, the theme - The influence of the disease factor in the control of hypertensive fear - is part of the research project titled "Evaluation of factors influencing blood pressure control in hypertensive patients: knowledge, beliefs and adherence" , in a sample of hypertensive patients, in the context of community pharmacy, the distinction between the level ofdisease, such as beliefs about medication, degree of adherence to medication,With the control of hypertension

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of evidence-based practice instruments for Portuguese nursing students

Enquadramento: A implementação da prática baseada na evidência (EBP) em contextos clínicos é recomendada pelo seu impacto positivo na saúde, contudo, permanece abaixo do desejável. A formação de estudantes de licenciatura em enfermagem em EBP é fundamental, pelo que é crucial haver medidas válidas e confiáveis desta aprendizagem. Objetivo: Traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente para português europeu as escalas EBP Beliefs Scale (EBPB), EBP Implementation Scale for Students (EBPI-S) e Organizational Culture & Readiness for School-wide Integration of Evidence- based Practice Survey for students (OCRSIEP-ES). Metodologia: Tradução e adaptação transcultural segundo recomendações internacionais. Validação preliminar em estudantes portugueses de licenciatura em enfermagem, provenientes de nove instituições. Resultados: Às versões prefinais dos instrumentos os participantes sugeriram incluir a possibilidade de resposta “não tenho conhecimento suficiente que me permita responder” e aumentar o período de recordação no instrumento EBPI- -S. Na fase II participaram 167 estudantes. O α para o EBPB, EBPI-S e OCRSIEP-ES foi 0,854, 0,943 e 0,970, respetivamente. Conclusão: Os resultados preliminares revelaram uma forte consistência interna. É necessário realizar mais estudos de validação com amostras robustas para testar a confiabilidade e validade dos instrumentos.Background: The implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in clinical contexts is recommended due to its positive impact on health, but it remains under the desirable. The training of undergraduate nursing students in the use of EBP is crucial, and, for that, there must be valid and reliable measures of EBP learning. Objective: To translate and to cross-cultural adapt into European Portuguese of the EBP Beliefs Scale (EBPB), EBP Implementation Scale for Students (EBPI-S), and Organizational Culture & Readiness for School-wide Integration of Evidence-based Practice Survey for Students (OCRSIEP-ES). Methodology: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation according to international recommendations. Preliminary validation in Portuguese undergraduate nursing students from nine institutions. Results: In the pre-final versions of the instruments, the participants suggested including the optional answer “I do not have sufficient knowledge to be able to answer” and increasing the recall period in the EBPI-S instrument. Phase 2 included 167 participants. The α for EBPB, EBPI-S, and OCRSIEP-ES was 0.854, 0.943, and 0.970, respectively. Conclusion: Preliminary results showed good internal consistency. Further validation studies with robust samples are required to test the reliability and validity of the instruments.Marco contextual: Se recomienda implementar la práctica basada en la evidencia (EBP) en contextos clínicos, debido a su impacto positivo en la salud, aunque sigue estando por debajo de lo deseable. La formación de los estudiantes de enfermería de grado en el uso de la EBP es crítica. Por ello, tener medidas válidas y fiables de este aprendizaje supone un aspecto clave. Objetivo: Traducir y adaptar al portugués europeo: la EBP Beliefs Scale (EBPB), la EBP Implementation Scale for Students (EBPI-S) y la Organizational Culture & Readiness for School-wide Integration of Evidence-based Practice Survey for students (OCRSIEP-ES). Metodología: Traducción y adaptación intercultural de acuerdo con las recomendaciones internacionales. Validación preliminar en estudiantes de enfermería portugueses de grado de nueve instituciones. Resultados: En las versiones prefinales de los instrumentos, los participantes sugirieron incluir la respuesta “no sé” y aumentar el periodo de recuerdo en el instrumento EBPI-S. En la fase II participaron 167 estudiantes. El α para EBPB, EBPI-S y OCRSIEP-ES fue de 0,854, 0,943 y 0,970, respectivamente. Conclusión: Los resultados preliminares mostraron una fuerte consistencia interna. Se requieren más estudios de validación con muestras sólidas para probar la fiabilidad y la validez de los instrumentos

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN