Versiones de la historia. Versiones de la leyenda. Sobre la comedia hagiográfica de Lope de Vega

Fil: Cirnigliaro, Noelia Sol. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Cirnigliaro, Noelia Sol. Universidad de Michigan; Estados UnidosEste trabajo postula una taxonomía posible del corpus hagiográfico de Lope de Vega, a partir de una concepción histórica, siguiendo la idea que en el Barroco las comedias no eran percibidas como ficción sino como historiales. Analizamos en principio algunos rasgos morfológicos de las comedias hagiográficas que las acercan a las comedias históricas profanas. A partir de este análisis se delimitan cuatro categorías sub-genéricas en las que sus rasgos morfológicos intrínsecos no solo hacen funcionar de manera particular el binomio historia-leyenda sino que también permiten identificar objetivos ideológicos particulares para cada grupo de dramas

24-hour Heart Rate is Related to Lower Extremity Venous Vascular Function in Persons with Paraplegia

Please refer to the pdf version of the abstract located adjacent to the title

Aripiprazole causing false positive urine amphetamine drug screen in an adult patient with bipolar disorder.

There has been only a few reports regarding aripiprazole causing false positive urine amphetamine drug screens, exclusively on children accidently ingesting aripiprazole.Herein, we present the first reported case of a 40 year old woman affected by Bipolar I Disorder, treated with aripirazole at therapeutic oral dose ranging from 15 mg/day to 30 mg/day, in the context of a depressive episode with mixed and psychotic features, showing a false positive urine amphetamine drug screen. We document the relationship between aripiprazole-dose, plasma concentration and amphetamines values in toxicologic urine examinations over time. Awareness of potential false positive urine amphetamine drug screens during aripiprazole treatment can condition therapeutic choices and prevent legal implications. Keywords: Aripiprazole, False positive, Urine drug scree

Prediction Of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness From Biomarkers In Persons With Spinal Cord Injury

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Crossing Borders Between Frontotemporal Dementia and Psychiatric Disorders: An Updated Overview

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a group of neurocognitive syndromes, clinically characterized by altered behaviors, impairment of language proficiency, and altered executive functioning. FTD is one of the most frequently observed forms of dementia in the elderly population and the most common in presenile age. As for other subtypes of dementia, FTD incidence is constantly on the rise due to the steadily increasing age of the population, and its recognition is now becoming a determinant for clinicians. FTD and psychiatric disorders can overlap in terms of clinical presentations by sharing a common genetic predisposition and neuropathological mechanism in some cases. Nonetheless, this association is often unclear and underestimated. Since its first reports, research into FTD has constantly grown, with the identification of recent findings related to its neuropathology, genetic, clinical, and therapeutic issues. Literature is thriving on this topic, with numerous research articles published in recent years. In the present review, we aimed to provide an updated description of the clinical manifestations that link and potentially confound the diagnosis of FTD and psychiatric disorders in order to improve their differential diagnosis and early detection. In particular, we systematically reviewed the literature, considering articles specifically focused on the behavioral variant FTD, published after 2015 on the PubMed database

Lifetime Bipolar Disorder comorbidity and related clinical characteristics in patients with primary Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: a report from the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS)

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are prevalent, comorbid, and disabling conditions, often characterized by early onset and chronic course. When comorbid, OCD and BD can determine a more pernicious course of illness, posing therapeutic challenges for clinicians. Available reports on prevalence and clinical characteristics of comorbidity between BD and OCD showed mixed results, likely depending on the primary diagnosis of analyzed samples.MethodsWe assessed prevalence and clinical characteristics of BD comorbidity in a large international sample of patients with primary OCD (n = 401), through the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) snapshot database, by comparing OCD subjects with vs without BD comorbidity.ResultsAmong primary OCD patients, 6.2% showed comorbidity with BD. OCD patients with vs without BD comorbidity more frequently had a previous hospitalization (p < 0.001) and current augmentation therapies (p < 0.001). They also showed greater severity of OCD (p < 0.001), as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS).ConclusionThese findings from a large international sample indicate that approximately 1 out of 16 patients with primary OCD may additionally have BD comorbidity along with other specific clinical characteristics, including more frequent previous hospitalizations, more complex therapeutic regimens, and a greater severity of OCD. Prospective international studies are needed to confirm our findings.Peer reviewe

Exploring characteristics associated with first benzodiazepine prescription in patients with affective disorders and related diagnoses

Objective In patients with affective disorders, benzodiazepines (BZDs) are frequently administered at the onset, sometimes inappropriately. We sought to identify clinical variables associated with first BZD prescription in a large sample of patients with affective disorders. Methods Four hundred sixty patients with mood or anxiety disorders attending different psychiatric services were assessed comparing those who received BZD as first treatment (BZD w/) and those who did not (BZD w/o). Results More than one third (35.7%) of the total sample had received BZDs as first prescription. In relation to mood disorders, BZD w/ subjects more frequently (a) had not a psychiatrist as first therapist, (b) had anxious symptoms at onset, (c) had adjustment disorder as first diagnosis, (d) were treated as outpatients. In relation to specific diagnoses, (a) personal decision of treatment for major depressive disorder, (b) outpatient status for bipolar disorder and (c) longer duration of untreated illness for adjustment disorder were more frequently associated with first BZD prescription. For anxiety disorders, the presence of stressful life events and the diagnoses of panic disorder or specific phobias were more frequently observed in BZD w/ patients. Conclusion Patients with affective disorders frequently received BZDs as first prescription with significant differences between and within mood and anxiety disorders

Head circumference growth in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: trend and clinical correlates in the first five years of life

BackgroundMacrocephaly is described in almost 15% of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Relationships between head growth trajectories and clinical findings in ASD children show a high degree of variability, highlighting the complex heterogeneity of the disorder.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to measure differences of the early growth trajectory of head circumference (HC) in children with ASD and macrocephaly compared to ASD normocephalic children, examining clinical correlates in the two groups of patients.MethodsHC data were collected from birth to 5 years of age in a sample of children with a confirmed diagnosis of ASD. Participants were classified into two groups: ASD macrocephaly (ASD-M, Z-scores ≥1.88 in at least two consecutive HC measurements), and ASD non-macrocephaly (ASD-N). Based on the distribution of HC measurements (Z-scores), five age groups were identified for the longitudinal study. Developmental and behavioral characteristics of the ASD-M children compared to the ASD-N group were compared by using standardized scores.Results20,8% of the children sample met criteria for macrocephaly. HC values became indicative of macrocephaly in the ASD-M group at the age range from 1 to 6 months, and persisted thereafter throughout the first five years of age. ASD-M children showed significantly higher developmental quotients of Griffiths III B and D subscales compared to ASD-N group. No significant differences in the severity of ASD symptoms assessed by ADOS-2 were observed between ASD-M and ASD-N groups.ConclusionIn this study HC size from birth to 5 years links to accelerated HC growth rate as early as the first 6 months of age in children with ASD and macrocephaly, preceding the onset and diagnosis of ASD. We found that in early childhood, children with ASD-M may exhibit some advantages in language and social communication and emotional skills without differences in autism severity, when compared with age-matched normocephalic ASD children. Longitudinal analyses are required to catch-up prospectively possible relationships between head size as proxy measure of brain development and neuro-developmental and behavioral features in children with ASD

Salivary microRNAs: Diagnostic markers of mild traumatic brain injury in contact-sport

Concussion is difficult to diagnose, particularly when symptoms are atypical or late in presenting. An accurate and timely initial assessment is crucial for clinical management. Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and blood markers of traumatic brain injury show promising results but their clinical applicability in concussion has significant limitations. In the study, we explored saliva as a new source of biomarkers of concussion. Saliva samples of concussed players were collected after 48–72 h from concussion and analyzed by high-throughput technologies. A discovery group of 10 concussed rugby professional and semiprofessional athletes and 10 non-concussed matched controls was used for the analysis of 92 inflammatory proteins by the Proseek-Multiplex-Inflammation technology. In addition, saliva samples of 6 concussed and 6 non-concussed athletes were used to screen 800 human microRNAs (miRNAs) by the Nanostring Technology. The results were then validated by RT-qPCR in an enlarged cohort (validation group) comprising 22 concussed athletes. Results showed, no significant variations of the 65 inflammatory proteins detected in saliva between groups but 5 microRNAs, miR-27b-3p (p = 0.016), let-7i-5p (p = 0.001), miR-142-3p (p = 0.008), miR-107 (p = 0.028), miR-135b-5p (p = 0.017) significantly upregulated in concussed athletes. Univariate ROC curve analysis showed that the differentially expressed miRNAs could be considered good classifiers of concussion. Further analyses showed significant correlation between these microRNAs and Reaction Time component of the ImPACT concussion assessment tool. In addition, biocomputation analysis predicted the involvement of these microRNAs in important biological processes that might be related to trauma, such as response to hypoxia, cell death, neurogenesis, axon repair and myelination. Ease of access and non-invasiveness of saliva samples make these biomarkers particularly suitable for concussion assessment

PARP-14 Promotes Survival of Mammalian α but Not β Pancreatic Cells Following Cytokine Treatment

PARP-14 (poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase-14), a member of the PARP family, belongs to the group of Bal proteins (B Aggressive Lymphoma). PARP-14 has recently appeared to be involved in the transduction pathway mediated by JNKs (c Jun N terminal Kinases), among which JNK2 promotes cancer cell survival. Several pharmacological PARP inhibitors are currently used as antitumor agents, even though they have also proved to be effective in many inflammatory diseases. Cytokine release from immune system cells characterizes many autoimmune inflammatory disorders, including type I diabetes, in which the inflammatory state causes β cell loss. Nevertheless, growing evidence supports a concomitant implication of glucagon secreting α cells in type I diabetes progression. Here, we provide evidence on the activation of a survival pathway, mediated by PARP-14, in pancreatic α cells, following treatment of αTC1.6 glucagonoma and βTC1 insulinoma cell lines with a cytokine cocktail: interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Through qPCR, western blot and confocal analysis, we demonstrated higher expression levels of PARP-14 in αTC1.6 cells with respect to βTC1 cells under inflammatory stimuli. By cytofluorimetric and caspase-3 assays, we showed the higher resistance of α cells compared to β cells to apoptosis induced by cytokines. Furthermore, the ability of PJ-34 to modulate the expression of the proteins involved in the survival pathway suggests a protective role of PARP-14. These data shed light on a poorly characterized function of PARP-14 in αTC1.6 cells in inflammatory contexts, widening the potential pharmacological applications of PARP inhibitors