Aplicação de tecnologias da informação e comunicação na contratação pública: a experiência portuguesa

The current article’s objective is to expose Portugal’s experience, as a State Member of the European Union context, regarding recent aspects from the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in cases relating to public procurement. To this end, it employed a qualitative research methodology, analyzing literature and documents of the Portuguese legislation, the policies of the European Community, as well as information from other Portuguese entities concerning the topic under study. The conclusion reached is that the application of modern ICT to the processes of public administration, specifically those related to public procurement procedures, complies with current social demands, which require timely, efficient, transparent, and open state mechanisms to popular participation. The contribution of this work stems from the confirmation that legislation reforms recently held in Portugal, with regard to procurement, converges in practice to provide its procedures with features such as the dematerialization, transparency, speed, competition and facilitationO presente artigo tem como objetivo expor a experiência de Portugal, no contexto de um Estado-Membro da União Europeia, quanto aos aspectos recentes da aplicação de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) nos processos relativos à contratação pública. Para tanto, lançou-se mão de uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, com análise bibliográfica e documental da legislação portuguesa, das Diretivas da Comunidade Europeia, bem como informações de outras entidades portuguesas concernentes ao tema em estudo. A conclusão a que se chega é que a aplicação das modernas TIC aos processos da Administração Pública, especificamente àqueles relativos à contratação pública, está de acordo com demandas sociais correntes, que requerem mecanismos estatais céleres, eficientes, transparentes e abertos à participação popular. A contribuição deste trabalho decorre da constatação que se faz de que a reforma legislativa realizada recentemente em Portugal, no que tange à contratação pública, converge na prática para dotar seus procedimentos de características tais como desmaterialização, transparência, celeridade, concorrência e simplificação

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Aplicação de tecnologias de informação e comunicação na contratação pública : a experiência portuguesa

DOI: 10.5102/rbpp.v1i3.1421Expõe a experiência de Portugal como Estado-Membro da União Europeia quanto aos aspectos recentes da aplicação de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) nos processos relativos à contratação pública. Analisa legislação portuguesa conforme diretivas da Comunidade Europeia relativas à coordenação dos processos de adjudicação dos contratos de empreitada de obras públicas, dos contratos públicos de fornecimento e dos contratos públicos de serviços. Trata das tecnologias de informação e comunicação e do novo paradigma da atividade administrativa no setor público

O regime jurídico das concessões e permissões de uso de bens públicos no brasil: aplicabilidade da lei de licitações -doi10.5102/unijus.v23i2.1863

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a aplicabilidade da Lei n. 8.666/93 (Lei de Licitações) aos procedimentos de outorga de concessões e permissões de uso de bens públicos por particulares, em especial dos bens pertencentes aos municípios. Para tanto, lançou-se mão de uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, com análise bibliográfica, documental e da legislação pertinente ao tema. Inicialmente, traçou-se um panorama do patrimônio estatal brasileiro, com os respectivos regimes de propriedade a que se submete. Em seguida, fixaram-se o conceito e os atributos dos bens públicos no Direito Brasileiro, bem como o regime jurídico aplicável às outorgas de uso do patrimônio do Estado. A conclusão a que se chega é que a outorga do uso de bens públicos, embora não se submeta às regras de contratação pública contidas na Lei de Licitações, deve sempre ser efetivada no afã de concretizar os princípios constitucionais que pautam a atividade administrativa

Desafios da energia no Brasil: panorama regulatório da produção e comercialização do biodiesel

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos jurídicos do panorama regulatório da produção e comercialização do biodiesel no Brasil, no contexto internacional de crescente demanda energética, onde os biocombustíveis surgem como uma alternativa renovável aos combustíveis fósseis. A metodologia empregada neste trabalho é de cunho qualitativo, com análise bibliográfica e documental da legislação brasileira e internacional. A conclusão a que se chega é que os biocombustíveis apresentam grande potencial para se tornarem uma importante fonte sustentável de energia para o País, além da possibilidade de contribuírem para a melhoria do seu quadro social, através do desenvolvimento de programas de governo que contemplam a sua produção pelos agricultores familiares. A contribuição deste trabalho decorre da constatação de que a Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP), órgão regulador das atividades relacionadas ao biodiesel no Brasil, tem seu foco nos aspectos econômicos como fundamento à sua atividade interventiva, especialmente na proteção ao consumidor. Excluída das atribuições da agência reguladora, a efetiva concretização da expressiva dimensão social ligada ao biodiesel, entretanto, carece de ações governamentais no sentido de implementar políticas de planejamento agrícola adequadas a cada região do país, conferindo suporte ao sistema cooperativo, bem como apoio técnico-financeiro ao agricultor familiar, a fim de elevá-lo a partícipe-chave neste contexto

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora