Auxiliary Fields for Super Yang-Mills from Division Algebras

Division algebras are used to explain the existence and symmetries of various sets of auxiliary fields for super Yang-Mills in dimensions $d=3,4,6,10$. (Contribution to G\"ursey Memorial Conference I: Strings and Symmetries)Comment: 7 pages, plain TeX, CERN-TH.7470/9

Hodge Theory on Metric Spaces

Hodge theory is a beautiful synthesis of geometry, topology, and analysis, which has been developed in the setting of Riemannian manifolds. On the other hand, spaces of images, which are important in the mathematical foundations of vision and pattern recognition, do not fit this framework. This motivates us to develop a version of Hodge theory on metric spaces with a probability measure. We believe that this constitutes a step towards understanding the geometry of vision. The appendix by Anthony Baker provides a separable, compact metric space with infinite dimensional \alpha-scale homology.Comment: appendix by Anthony W. Baker, 48 pages, AMS-LaTeX. v2: final version, to appear in Foundations of Computational Mathematics. Minor changes and addition

Lattice calculation of 1−+1^{-+} hybrid mesons with improved Kogut-Susskind fermions

We report on a lattice determination of the mass of the exotic $1^{-+}$ hybrid meson using an improved Kogut-Susskind action. Results from both quenched and dynamical quark simulations are presented. We also compare with earlier results using Wilson quarks at heavier quark masses. The results on lattices with three flavors of dynamical quarks show effects of sea quarks on the hybrid propagators which probably result from coupling to two meson states. We extrapolate the quenched results to the physical light quark mass to allow comparison with experimental candidates for the $1^{-+}$ hybrid meson. The lattice result remains somewhat heavier than the experimental result, although it may be consistent with the $\pi_1(1600)$.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures. Replaced to match published versio

A partial wave analysis of the centrally produced pi0pi0 system in pp interactions at 450 GeV/c

A partial wave analysis of the centrally produced pi0pi0 channel has been performed in pp collisions using an incident beam momentum of 450 GeV/c. An unambiguous physical solution has been found. Evidence is found for the f0(980), f0(1300) and f0(1500) in the the S-wave. and the f2(1270) is observed dominantly in the D0-wave. In addition, there is evidence for a broad enhancement in the D-wave below 1 GeV.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 4 Figure

A partial wave analysis of the centrally produced K+K- and K0K0 systems in pp interactions at 450 GeV/c and new information on the spin of the fJ(1710)

A partial wave analysis of the centrally produced K+K- and K0K0 channels has been performed in pp collisions using an incident beam momentum of 450 GeV/c. An unambiguous physical solution has been found in each channel. The striking feature is the observation of peaks in the S-wave corresponding to the f0(1500) and fJ(1710) with J = 0. The D-wave shows evidence for the f2(1270)/a2(1320), the f2(1525) and the f2(2150) but there is no evidence for a statistically significant contribution in the D-wave in the 1.7 GeV mass region.Comment: 15 pages, Latex, 5 Figure

A partial wave analysis of the centrally produced pi+pi- system in pp interactions at 450 GeV/c

A partial wave analysis of the centrally produced pi+pi- channel has been performed in pp collisions using an incident beam momentum of 450 GeV/c. An unambiguous physical solution has been found. Evidence is found for the f0(980), f0(1300), f0(1500) and fJ(1710) with J = 0 in the the S-wave. The rho(770) is observed dominantly in the P0-wave and the f2(1270) is observed dominantly in the D0-wave. In addition, there is evidence for a broad enhancement in the D-wave below 1 GeV.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 4 Figure

Two refreshing views of Fluctuation Theorems through Kinematics Elements and Exponential Martingale

In the context of Markov evolution, we present two original approaches to obtain Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorems (GFDT), by using the language of stochastic derivatives and by using a family of exponential martingales functionals. We show that GFDT are perturbative versions of relations verified by these exponential martingales. Along the way, we prove GFDT and Fluctuation Relations (FR) for general Markov processes, beyond the usual proof for diffusion and pure jump processes. Finally, we relate the FR to a family of backward and forward exponential martingales.Comment: 41 pages, 7 figures; version2: 45 pages, 7 figures, minor revisions, new results in Section

The state of the Martian climate

60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981–2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes