The extrusion of atomized powders of some aluminium alloys

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Physical Exercise and Factors Affecting Among Adult Diabetic Patients at Wolaita Soddo University Teaching Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Background: Physical activity is an important factor in reducing morbidity from diabetes and maintaining quality of life. Regular physical activity may help to increase the glucose uptake and improve insulin sensitivity in muscle, thus leading to good glycemic control. Even though its positive impact on diabetic patients is scientifically proven, there is lack of research findings on the topic in the country especially in Wolaita zone. Therefore፣ this study aimed to assess physical Exercise and factors affecting  among adult Diabetic patients at Wolaita Soddo University Teaching Referral Hospital. A facility based cross-sectional study design was used and data was collected from 201 adult diabetic patients by using structured questionnaire for patient interview to collect information on socio-demographic, socio-economic and  the patient’s knowledge ,practice and attitude towards  physical exercise. Among 201 patients participated in the study, 118(58.7%) were males and majority of the respondents found with in age range of 45-54, 78(38.8%) followed by 55-64, 51(27%).  Majority,142 (70.6%) of diabetic patients had a body mass index of above a normal value indicating that they had obesity. Furthermore, 166 (82.6%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards importance of physical exercise for their health but only 18.4%  were practicing regular physical exercise for which absence of clear instruction or education given, 21(24.5%) followed by  being busy by other tasks accounting 16(22%) were found to be common barriers affecting  physical exercise. In conclusion this study found that level of practicing regular physical exercise among adult diabetic patients at Wolaita Soddo University teaching referral hospital was found to be insufficient and majority of the diabetic patients were obese .Hence there should be regular follow up of patients’ body mass index and regular exercise education should be given during their each hospital visit. Keywords:  Physical exercise, Soddo, Diabetes, Practice, Attitud

Factors affecting private investment in Ethiopia’s industry sector: the case of sugar factories

Sugar factories are one of the giant economy drivers the government in Ethiopia solely owns and manages. Due to the high product demand and key roles the sugar sector plays in the economy, the government refused to privatize these factories irrespective of the internal and external forces that urge the economic sector liberalization. In recent years, however, the government has launched an initiative to privatize some large scale state-owned enterprises including the sugar factories either fully or partially

To Play Many Parts: Reading Between the Lines of Charlotte Salomon/CS’s Leben? oder Theater?

This conversation with Griselda Pollock, Professor of the Social and Critical Histories of Art in the School of Fine Art, History of Art and Cultural Studies at the University of Leeds, UK, focuses on her most recent book, Charlotte Salomon and the Theatre of Memory (New Haven and London : Yale University Press, 2018). The latter provides new readings of Leben ? oder Theater ? (Life ? or Theater ?), the artistic project of the German Jewish artist Charlotte Salomon (1917–1943), who painted as CS — the cipher the artist purposely used to disguise both her gender and her ethnicity — thus challenging previous interpretations that treat this remarkable intermedial work as straightforwardly autobiographical

Development of IAEA High Level Guidelines for Designers and Operators - Safeguards-By-Design

At the end of 2008, the IAEA launched a new task on ¿Guidance for Designers and Operators and Measures to facilitate the implementation of Safeguards at Future Nuclear Cycle Facilities¿, contributed by EURATOM and other MS Support Programmes, whose goal is to formulate ¿safeguards by design¿, or SBD, Guidelines to designers and operators. SBD is a process that facilitates the implementation of international safeguards by taking into account requirements and guidelines very early in the design phase. To this scope, the legal framework and the interaction among the stake-holders need to be improved. The overall process can thus be made more effective and efficient without costly back-fitting and iterations. In this context, at the end of 2008, the IAEA launched a new task on ¿Guidance for Designers and Operators and Measures to facilitate the implementation of Safeguards at Future Nuclear Cycle Facilities¿, with contributions by EURATOM and other Member State Support Programmes (MSSP). A first set of high level guidelines of the IAEA Safeguards by Design series was drafted by EURATOM experts, and will be the basis for further improvements. This paper will develop on the contents of the document, as well as on methodological developments. Facility specific guidelines will have to be prepared to serve as reference for the design of new evolutionary and innovative facilities. All this will be achieved within useful deadlines with the contributions of other support programmes.JRC.DG.E.9-Nuclear security (Ispra

Divergent longitudinal propagation of white matter degradation in logopenic and semantic variants of primary progressive aphasia

Background: Clinico-pathological distinction of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) can be challenging at clinic presentation. In particular, cross-sectional neuroimaging signatures across the logopenic (lvPPA) and semantic (svPPA) variants are difficult to establish, with longitudinal profiles showing greater divergence. Objective: Assess longitudinal propagation of white matter degradation in lvPPA and svPPA to determine disease progression over time, and whether this reflects distinct underlying pathology. Method: A cohort of 27 patients with dementia (12 lvPPA; 15 svPPA) and 12 healthy controls were assessed at baseline and 1-year follow-up on the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised and Sydney Language Battery. Diffusion weighted images were collected at both time-points and analyzed for longitudinal white matter change using DTI-TK and TBSS. Results: LvPPA patients showed a significant decline in naming and repetition, over 1 year, while svPPA patients declined in naming and comprehension. Longitudinal imaging revealed widespread bilateral degradation of white matter tracts in lvPPA over a 1-year period with early involvement of the left posterior inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). SvPPA demonstrated focal left lateralized white matter degradation involving the uncinate fasciculus (UF) and anterior ILF, propagating to the right UF with disease progression. Conclusions: LvPPA and svPPA cohorts showed distinct longitudinal cognitive and white matter profiles. We propose differences in multi-centric and focal white matter dysfunction in lvPPA and svPPA, respectively, reflect underlying pathological differences. The clinical relevance of white matter degradation and mechanisms underlying disease propagation are discussed

Network adaptable information systems for safeguard applications

While containment and surveillance systems designed for nuclear safeguards have greatly improved through advances in computer, sensor, and microprocessor technologies, the authors recognize the need to continue the advancement of these systems to provide more standardized solutions for safeguards applications of the future. The benefits to be gained from the use of standardized technologies are becoming evident as safeguard activities are increasing world-wide while funding of these activities is becoming more limited. The EURATOM Safeguards Directorate and Los Alamos National Laboratory are developing and testing advanced monitoring technologies coupled with the most efficient solutions for the safeguards applications of the future

Emerging phleboviruses

The <i>Bunyavidae</i> family is the largest grouping of RNA viruses and arguably the most diverse. Bunyaviruses have a truly global distribution and can infect vertebrates, invertebrates and plants. The majority of bunyaviruses are vectored by arthropods and thus have the remarkable capability to replicate in hosts of disparate phylogeny. The family has provided many examples of emerging viruses including Sin Nombre and related viruses responsible for hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas, first identified in 1993, and Schmallenberg virus which emerged in Europe in 2011, causing foetal malformations in ruminants. In addition, some well-known bunyaviruses like Rift Valley fever and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever viruses continue to emerge in new geographical locations. In this short review we focus on newly identified viruses associated with severe haemorrhagic disease in humans in China and the US

Structure of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus: a new genus within the Nodaviridae?

Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) is a pathogen of freshwater prawns that poses a threat to food security and causes significant economic losses in the aquaculture industries of many developing nations. A detailed understanding of the MrNV virion structure will inform the development of strategies to control outbreaks. The MrNV capsid has also been engineered to display heterologous antigens, and thus knowledge of its atomic resolution structure will benefit efforts to develop tools based on this platform. Here, we present an atomic-resolution model of the MrNV capsid protein (CP), calculated by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) of MrNV virus-like particles (VLPs) produced in insect cells, and three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction at 3.3 Å resolution. CryoEM of MrNV virions purified from infected freshwater prawn post-larvae yielded a 6.6 Å resolution structure, confirming the biological relevance of the VLP structure. Our data revealed that unlike other known nodavirus structures, which have been shown to assemble capsids having trimeric spikes, MrNV assembles a T = 3 capsid with dimeric spikes. We also found a number of surprising similarities between the MrNV capsid structure and that of the Tombusviridae: 1) an extensive network of N-terminal arms (NTAs) lines the capsid interior, forming long-range interactions to lace together asymmetric units; 2) the capsid shell is stabilised by 3 pairs of Ca2+ ions in each asymmetric unit; 3) the protruding spike domain exhibits a very similar fold to that seen in the spikes of the tombusviruses. These structural similarities raise questions concerning the taxonomic classification of MrNV