Investimento ambiental em indústrias sujas e intensivas em recursos naturais e energia

O crescimento industrial brasileiro, a partir do final dos anos setenta, ocorreu com o aumento da participação de indústrias intensivas em recursos naturais, em detrimento da participação de indústrias intensivas em trabalho e dos setores intensivos em atividades tecnológicas mais complexas. Essas transformações, tornando o setor de bens intermediários dominante na estrutura industrial, implicaram em consideráveis mudanças tanto de ordem espacial quanto na relação com o meio ambiente, o que acarretou no desenvolvimento de uma indústria com maior potencial poluidor. O artigo apresenta os resultados sobre investimentos da indústria brasileira para o controle ambiental, tendo como informação básica os gastos realizados nas aquisições e melhorias de máquinas e equipamentos industriais destinados à redução de resíduos, controle da poluição ou para o atendimento de normas ambientais. As informações foram captadas pela Pesquisa Industrial Anual, realizada pelo IBGE que, relativa aos anos de 1997 e 2002, coletou informações sobre este tipo de investimento. Observa-se que nos anos pesquisados ocorreu um crescimento na ordem de 71% do número de empresas e de 98% no valor investido. O estudo mostra que, em ambos os anos, há uma alta concentração do valor investido pelos setores que mais podem ter contribuído para a degradação ambiental no país.The growth industry Brazilian, within the end of the 1970s, occurs with the expention of the participation of industries in intensive exploitation of natural resources in detriment from participation of industries intensity in work and from the sectors intensity in activities technological more complex. Those transformations becomes the sector of intermediete goods dominant in the structure of the industry, resulting in insignificant gains compered with its order of magnitude in relation to the environment, thus leading to the development of an industry with great potential pollute. The article presents the investments results of Brazilian industry for environmental control, with the basic information about the expenditures incurred, acquisitions and improvements in machinery and industrial equipment interded to reduce waste, pollution control, or for the care of environmental standards. Information was received by the Annual Industrial Research held by the IBGE, on the years 1997 and 2002, collected information about this type of investment. It is observe that in the years studied occurred growth of around 71% of the number of enterprises and 98% in the amount invested. The study shows that in both years, there is a high concentration of the amount invested by most of the sectors that may have contributed to environmental degradation

What about vaginal extraction of the kidney? results of an online survey

PURPOSE: We aimed to characterize surgeons opinion about the vaginal extraction of the kidney after transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy. Matherial and Methods: A 9-item questionnaire was published online (Survey Monkey TM) and publicized via email to a multidisciplinary pool of surgeons in Portugal. Data was collected and statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 21.0. RESULTS: Three hundred and fifty nine inquiries were sent, 154 surgeons completed the questionnaires (response rate of 43.0%). Fifty five point eight percent of the participants would choose the transvaginal approach for themselves or for a close relative. The most stated arguments were a better cosmesis (29.0%) expectancy of lower post operative pain (26.0%) and lower rate of incisional hernias (23.0%). Defenders of the transabdominal procedure justified with an expectancy of lower complication rate (39%), namely impairment of sexual function and fertility (22%). The female gender and the familiarity with transvaginal surgery were the stronger predictors of the option for this approach (70.6% vs 48.5%; p=0,016 and 85.3% vs 46.6%; p <0.001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Contrasting with similar surveys published on transvaginal NOTES, the vaginal specimen extraction after conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy was fairly accepted by the inquired surgeons.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

N-terminal cysteine bioconjugation with (2-cyanamidophenyl)boronic acids enables the direct formation of benzodiazaborines on peptides

Benzodiazaborines (BDABs) have emerged as a valuable tool to produce stable and functional bioconjugates via a click-type transformation. However, the current available methods to install them on peptides lack bioorthogonality, limiting their applications. Here, we report a strategy to install BDABs directly on peptide chains using (2-cyanamidophenyl)boronic acids (2CyPBAs). The resulting BDAB is stabilized through the formation of a key intramolecular B–N bond. This technology was applied in the selective modification of N-terminal cysteine-containing functional peptides

Investimento ambiental em indústrias sujas e intensivas em recursos naturais e energia

O crescimento industrial brasileiro, a partir do final dos anos setenta, ocorreu com o aumento da participação de indústrias intensivas em recursos naturais, em detrimento da participação de indústrias intensivas em trabalho e dos setores intensivos em atividades tecnológicas mais complexas. Essas transformações, tornando o setor de bens intermediários dominante na estrutura industrial, implicaram em consideráveis mudanças tanto de ordem espacial quanto na relação com o meio ambiente, o que acarretou no desenvolvimento de uma indústria com maior potencial poluidor. O artigo apresenta os resultados sobre investimentos da indústria brasileira para o controle ambiental, tendo como informação básica os gastos realizados nas aquisições e melhorias de máquinas e equipamentos industriais destinados à redução de resíduos, controle da poluição ou para o atendimento de normas ambientais. As informações foram captadas pela Pesquisa Industrial Anual, realizada pelo IBGE que, relativa aos anos de 1997 e 2002, coletou informações sobre este tipo de investimento. Observa-se que nos anos pesquisados ocorreu um crescimento na ordem de 71% do número de empresas e de 98% no valor investido. O estudo mostra que, em ambos os anos, há uma alta concentração do valor investido pelos setores que mais podem ter contribuído para a degradação ambiental no país.Estrutura industrial; indústrias poluidoras; gestão ambiental; investimento ambiental; bens intermediários.

Urbanizaçâo, impactos ambientais e governança no complexo regional Centro-Sul

A palavra governança vem servindo para designar diferentes formas de governar, particularmente aquelas mais sensíveis às demandas da população e que estimulem a inserção dos movimentos sociais nos processos decisórios. No Brasil, “governança ambiental” é usado, em geral, para se referir a processos de exercício de poder que, na área do meio ambiente, estejam ampliando os espaços de participação dos diversos segmentos da sociedade civil organizada. Este artigo analisa aspectos da governança ambiental no contexto do complexo regional Centro-Sul a partir dos resultados obtidos em pesquisa do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Examinou-se a relação porventura existente entre os problemas ambientais detectados e as medidas que, em nível local, vinham sendo tomadas pelo gestor. O estudo considerou duas faixas diferenciadas de urbanização dos municípios do Centro-Sul e, como indicadores clássicos, o IDH e o PIB. O objetivo foi identificar diferenças com relação à inserção da participação popular na gestão ambiental, mediante a análise de algumas variáveis específicas, como participação em Comitês de bacia, existência e composição do Conselho Municipal de Meio Ambiente e do Fórum da Agenda 21 local.governança ambiental; impactos ambientais; urbanização; PIB; IDH

Field and Molecular Epidemiology: How Viral Sequencing Changed Transmission Inferences in the First Portuguese SARS-CoV-2 Infection Cluster

Field epidemiology and viral sequencing provide a comprehensive characterization of transmission chains and allow a better identification of superspreading events. However, very few examples have been presented to date during the COVID-19 pandemic. We studied the first COVID-19 cluster detected in Portugal (59 individuals involved amongst extended family and work environments), following the return of four related individuals from work trips to Italy. The first patient to introduce the virus would be misidentified following the traditional field inquiry alone, as shown by the viral sequencing in isolates from 23 individuals. The results also pointed out family, and not work environment, as the primary mode of transmission.This work was funded by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT; Research4COVID19 projects 198_596862267, 617_613735895, 186_596855206). FCT also financed the PhD grant to NP (SFRH/BD/136299/2018) and post-doc grant to VF (SFRH/BPD/114927/2016)

Trehalose alleviates the phenotype of Machado–Joseph disease mouse models

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, is the most common of the dominantly inherited ataxias worldwide and is characterized by mutant ataxin-3 aggregation and neuronal degeneration. There is no treatment available to block or delay disease progression. In this work we investigated whether trehalose, a natural occurring disaccharide widely used in food and cosmetic industry, would rescue biochemical, behavioral and neuropathological features of an in vitro and of a severe MJD transgenic mouse model.This work was funded by BioBlast Pharma, the ERDF through the Regional Operational Program Center 2020, Competitiveness Factors Operational Program (COMPETE 2020) and National Funds through FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) - SFRH/BD/87404/2012, BrainHealth2020 projects (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000008), ViraVector (CENTRO-01-0145FEDER-022095), CortaCAGs (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016719), SpreadSilenc‑ing POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029716 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440, as well as the SynSpread, ESMI and ModelPolyQ under the EU Joint ProgramNeurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND), the last two co-funded bythe European Union H2020 program, GA No. 643417; by National Ataxia Foundation (USA), the American Portuguese Biomedical Research Fund (APBRF) and the Richard Chin and Lily Lock Machado–Joseph Disease Research Fund.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Afadin downregulation by helicobacter pylori Induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition in gastric cells

Afadin is a cytoplasmic protein of the adherens junctions, which regulates the formation and stabilization of both the adherens and the tight junctions. Aberrant expression of Afadin has been shown in cancer and its loss has been associated with epithelial-tomesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is characterized by the change from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype, with modifications on the expression of adhesion molecules and acquisition of a migratory and invasive cell behavior. While it is known that Helicobacter pylori disrupts the tight and the adherens junctions and induces EMT, the effect of the bacteria on Afadin is still unknown. The aim of this study was to disclose the effect of H. pylori on Afadin and its impact in the induction of an EMT phenotype in gastric cells. Using two different cell lines, we observed that H. pylori infection decreased Afadin protein levels, independently of CagA, T4SS, and VacA virulence factors. H. pylori infection of cell lines recapitulated several EMT features, displacing and downregulating multiple proteins from cell–cell junctions, and increasing the expression of ZEB1, Vimentin, Slug, N-cadherin, and Snail. Silencing of Afadin by RNAi promoted delocalization of junctional proteins from the cell–cell contacts, increased paracellular permeability, and decreased transepithelial electrical resistance, all compatible with impaired junctional integrity. Afadin silencing also led to increased expression of the EMT marker Snail, and to the formation of actin stress fibers, together with increased cell motility and invasion. Finally, and in line with our in vitro data, the gastric mucosa of individuals infected with H. pylori showed decrease/loss of Afadin membrane staining at cell–cell contacts significantly more frequently than uninfected individuals. In conclusion, Afadin is downregulated by H. pylori infection in vitro and in vivo, and its downregulation leads to the emergence of EMT and to the acquisition of an aggressive phenotype in gastric cells, which can contribute to gastric carcinogenesis.This article is a result of the project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000029, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). i3S was financed by ERDF funds through the COMPETE 2020 and Portugal 2020, and by Portuguese funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274). MM, JM, and ML have fellowships from FCT (SFRH/BD/95631/2013, SFRH/BD/116965/2016, and SFRH/BPD/110065/2015)

Shedding light on the african enigma: In vitro testing of homo sapiens-helicobacter pylori coevolution

The continuous characterization of genome-wide diversity in population and case- cohort samples, allied to the development of new algorithms, are shedding light on host ancestry impact and selection events on various infectious diseases. Especially interesting are the longstanding associations between humans and certain bacteria, such as the case of Helicobacter pylori, which could have been strong drivers of adaptation leading to coevolution. Some evidence on admixed gastric cancer cohorts have been suggested as supporting Homo-Helicobacter coevolution, but reliable experimental data that control both the bacterium and the host ancestries are lacking. Here, we conducted the first in vitro coinfection assays with dual humanand bacterium-matched and -mismatched ancestries, in African and European backgrounds, to evaluate the genome wide gene expression host response to H. pylori. Our results showed that: (1) the host response to H. pylori infection was greatly shaped by the human ancestry, with variability on innate immune system and metabolism; (2) African human ancestry showed signs of coevolution with H. pylori while European ancestry appeared to be maladapted; and (3) mismatched ancestry did not seem to be an important differentiator of gene expression at the initial stages of infection as assayed here.Funds were guaranteed by the project “Advancing cancer research: from basic knowledge to application”; NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000029; Projetos Estruturados de I & D & I, funded by Norte 2020-Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. i3S is financed by FEDER-Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020-Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Programme (POCI), Portugal 2020, and by Portuguese funds through FCT/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação in the framework of the project “Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences” (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274)

NEFRECTOMIA PARCIAL – A EXPERIÊNCIA DE 10 ANOS DO HOSPITAL DE SANTO ANTÓNIO

A nefrectomia parcial (NP) é uma técnica reconhecida no tratamento de diferentes patologias renais,nomedamente na oncológica. Os autores apresentam a sua casuística dos últimos 10 anos, com avaliação dos índices de recorrência e sobrevivência