Parenting style: influence on gifted children psychological adjustment

Este trabajo se centra en las influencias positivas y negativas de la práctica educativa que los padres ejercen sobre el desarrollo de los niños con altas capacidades. El resultado de este estudio teórico muestra que las familias cuyas características esenciales están basadas en una dinámica de funcionamiento en la que priman la armonía y la coherencia se asocian tanto al desarrollo óptimo intelectual y de la autoestima como al adecuado funcionamiento emocional e intelectual. En contraste, las familias en las que la falta de coherencia y la existencia de una dinámica de funcionamiento caracterizada por bajos niveles de comunicación, afecto y control del comportamiento se asocian a la aparición de comportamientos de riesgo. De acuerdo con la literatura existente, las prácticas educativas más efectivas para el ajuste y bienestar de niños y adolescentes son las autoritativas. En el caso de los niños con altas capacidades, la mayoría de los padres se muestran acordes con estas prácticas de crianza aunque en algunos casos se han encontrado diferencias en las pautas de actuación de madres y padres. Los determinantes parentales que potencian el ajuste positivo de los hijos con altas capacidades son: nivel intelectual, nivel educativo y rendimiento académico alto, y en ausencia de estas características, interés de los padres hacia la educación y el aprendizaje.This paper focused on influence of parenting practice on gifted children´s development. The result of this study showed that harmony and coherent families are associated both to self-stem, effective intellectual development and social and emotional functioning. In contrast, family discord relates to risk behaviour. According to literature, the most effective parenting practice for children development is authoritative, In gifted children case, most of the parents showed educative patterns framed in the authoritative parenting style although in some cases it was found differences between mother and father. Parents determinants making possible positive adjustement in their gifted children are: high intellectual level, high school achievement and high level of school performance. In absence of this, parent´s high interest on education and learning act as a substitute of these last cognitive and educational characteristics.peerReviewe

Parenting style: influence on gifted children psychological adjustment

Este trabajo se centra en las influencias positivas y negativas de la práctica educativa que los padres ejercen sobre el desarrollo de los niños con altas capacidades. El resultado de este estudio teórico muestra que las familias cuyas características esenciales están basadas en una dinámica de funcionamiento en la que priman la armonía y la coherencia se asocian tanto al desarrollo óptimo intelectual y de la autoestima como al adecuado funcionamiento emocional e intelectual. En contraste, las familias en las que la falta de coherencia y la existencia de una dinámica de funcionamiento caracterizada por bajos niveles de comunicación, afecto y control del comportamiento se asocian a la aparición de comportamientos de riesgo. De acuerdo con la literatura existente, las prácticas educativas más efectivas para el ajuste y bienestar de niños y adolescentes son las autoritativas. En el caso de los niños con altas capacidades, la mayoría de los padres se muestran acordes con estas prácticas de crianza aunque en algunos casos se han encontrado diferencias en las pautas de actuación de madres y padres. Los determinantes parentales que potencian el ajuste positivo de los hijos con altas capacidades son: nivel intelectual, nivel educativo y rendimiento académico alto, y en ausencia de estas características, interés de los padres hacia la educación y el aprendizaje.This paper focused on influence of parenting practice on gifted children´s development. The result of this study showed that harmony and coherent families are associated both to self-stem, effective intellectual development and social and emotional functioning. In contrast, family discord relates to risk behaviour. According to literature, the most effective parenting practice for children development is authoritative, In gifted children case, most of the parents showed educative patterns framed in the authoritative parenting style although in some cases it was found differences between mother and father. Parents determinants making possible positive adjustement in their gifted children are: high intellectual level, high school achievement and high level of school performance. In absence of this, parent´s high interest on education and learning act as a substitute of these last cognitive and educational characteristics.peerReviewe

A comparative study on the health and well-being of adolescent immigrants in Spain and Portugal

O modo como as novas gerações de imigrantes se irão integrar nas sociedades espanhola e portuguesa terá uma influência decisiva no futuro de ambos os países. Promover a sua saúde, bem-estar e adaptação psicológica é por isso uma questão de interesse estratégico. Este trabalho analisa os factores em jogo no bem-estar e adaptação psicológica numa amostra de 108 adolescentes (55 rapazes e 53 raparigas), filhos de imigrantes em Huelva (Espanha) e no Algarve (Portugal), com idades compreendidas entre os 10 e os 17 anos. Foram recolhidos dados sobre as características sócio-demográficas e o bem-estar percebido dos adolescentes. Utilizámos o KIDSCREEN-52, questionário que avalia a percepção dos adolescentes sobre a sua saúde e bem-estar em dez dimensões: Bem-estar físico, Bem-estar psicológico, Estado de ânimo, Auto-percepção, Autonomia, Relações com os pais e vida familiar, Recursos económicos, Apoio social e dos pares, Ambiente escolar e Aceitação social (Bullying-rejeição). Entre os principais resultados destacamos as diferenças significativas entre as pontuações obtidas na amostra de Espanha e Portugal no Bem-estar físico, Bem-estar psicológico, Estado de ânimo, Recursos económicos e Aceitação social (Bullying-rejeição) respectivamente. Os rapazes percebem-se com melhor bem-estar físico. O nível de escolaridade da mãe está relacionado com o bem-estar psicológico e o estado de ânimo. Não encontrámos efeitos do tempo de residência nem de outras variáveis sociodemográficas estudadas no bem-estar e adaptação psicológica dos adolescentes.The terms on which the integration of new generations of immigrants into Portuguese and Spanish societies happens will have a decisive influence in the future of both countries. Therefore, promoting their health, well-being, and psychosocial adaptation is a matter of strategic interest. This paper analyses psychosocial factors associated with well-being and psychological adjustment on a sample of 108 adolescents (55 males and 53 females), children of immigrants from Huelva (Spain) and Algarve (Portugal), aged between 10 and 17 years. Adolescents were assessed for demographic characteristics and perceived well-being. We used the "KIDSCREEN-5", a self-report questionnaire that yields detailed profile information for children aged 8 to 18 years for the following ten dimensions: Physical well-being, Psychological well-being, Moods and emotions, Self-perception, Autonomy, Parental relationships and home life, Financial resources, Social support and peers, School environment, and Social acceptance (Bullying). Overall, significant differences were found between the Spanish and Portuguese samples on physical well-being, psychological well-being, mood, financial resources and social acceptance (bullying). Boys perceived themselves as having a better physical well-being than girls. Mothers' educational level was associated with psychological well-being and mood. Also, results suggested that residence location and other socio-demographical variables were not associated with the adolescents' well-being and psychological adjustment

Prevalencia de morbilidad en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos en un Hospital de Riobamba, Ecuador, periodo 2022 – 2023

Introduction: The prevalence of morbidity in intensive care units (ICU) is a critical aspect of modern medical care that has captured the attention of researchers and health professionals worldwide. Objective: to know the prevalence of diseases in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in the Riobamba Canton of Ecuador. Methods: descriptive observational cross-sectional study of the records of patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in the city of Riobamba from January to December 2022. Results: The highest prevalence of hospitalized cases was septic shock with 25%, followed by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to SARS-COV2 infection with 12.04%, acute respiratory failure 7.87%, hypovolemic shock 6.02% and severe cranioencephalic trauma with 5.09%. Conclusions: hospitalizations of patients requiring admission to intensive care units are those requiring vital support, which may be hemodynamic, respiratory, neurological or renal.Introducción: La prevalencia de morbilidad en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) es un aspecto crítico de la atención médica moderna que ha captado la atención de investigadores y profesionales de la salud en todo el mundo. Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de las enfermedades de pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital del Cantón Riobamba del país Ecuador. Material y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal sobre los registros de los pacientes hospitalizados en el Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos de un Hospital de la Ciudad de Riobamba durante los meses de enero a diciembre del 2022. Resultados: La mayor prevalencia de los casos hospitalizados fue la de choque séptico con el 25%, seguido de casos de Síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo (SDRA) por infección por SARS-COV2 con el 12,04%, insuficiencia respiratoria aguda 7,87%, choque hipovolémico 6,02% y trauma craneoencefálico grave con 5,09%. Conclusiones: las hospitalizaciones de un paciente que requiere ingreso a unidades de cuidados intensivos son aquellos que necesitan soportes vitales pudiendo ser hemodinámico, respiratorio, neurológico o renal

Genomic insights into drug resistance and virulence platforms, CRISPR-Cas systems and phylogeny of commensal E. Coli from wildlife

Commensal bacteria act as important reservoirs of virulence and resistance genes. However, existing data are generally only focused on the analysis of human or human-related bacterial populations. There is a lack of genomic studies regarding commensal bacteria from hosts less exposed to antibiotics and other selective forces due to human activities, such as wildlife. In the present study, the genomes of thirty-eight E. coli strains from the gut of various wild animals were sequenced. The analysis of their accessory genome yielded a better understanding of the role of the mobilome on inter-bacterial dissemination of mosaic virulence and resistance plasmids. The study of the presence and composition of the CRISPR/Cas systems in E. coli from wild animals showed some viral and plasmid sequences among the spacers, as well as the relationship between CRISPR/Cas and E. coli phylogeny. Further, we constructed a single nucleotide polymorphisms-based core tree with E. coli strains from different sources (humans, livestock, food and extraintestinal environments). Bacteria from humans or highly human-influenced settings exhibit similar genetic patterns in CRISPR-Cas systems, plasmids or virulence/resistance genes-carrying modules. These observations, together with the absence of significant genetic changes in their core genome, suggest an ongoing flow of both mobile elements and E. coli lineages between human and natural ecosystems.Funding: This work was partially supported by project SAF2016-76571-R and PID2019-106158RB-I00 from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) of Spain and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) of EU. During the experimental work of this study, Carla Andrea Alonso Alonso had a predoctoral fellowship FPI from MINECO

Saúde e bem-estar nos adolescentes imigrantes em Espanha e Portugal: um estudo comparativo

The terms on which the integration of new generations of immigrants into Portuguese and Spanish societies happens will have a decisive influence in the future of both countries. Therefore, promoting their health, well-being, and psychosocial adaptation is a matter of strategic interest. This paper analyses psychosocial factors associated with well-being and psychological adjustment on a sample of 108 adolescents (55 males and 53 females), children of immigrants from Huelva (Spain) and Algarve (Portugal), aged between 10 and 17 years. Adolescents were assessed for demographic characteristics and perceived well-being. We used the “KIDSCREEN-5”, a self-report questionnaire that yields detailed profile information for children aged 8 to 18 years for the following ten dimensions: Physical well-being, Psychological well-being, Moods and emotions, Self-perception, Autonomy, Parental relationships and home life, Financial resources, Social support and peers, School environment, and Social acceptance(Bullying). Overall, significant differences were found between the Spanish and Portuguese samples on physical well-being, psychological well-being, mood, financial resources and social acceptance (bullying). Boys perceived themselves as having a better physical well-being than girls. Mothers’ educational level was associated with psychological well-being and mood. Also, results suggested that residence location and other socio-demographical variables were not associated with the adolescents’ well-being and psychological adjustment.O modo como as novas gerações de imigrantes se irão integrar nas sociedades espanhola e portuguesa terá uma influência decisiva no futuro de ambos os países. Promover a sua saúde, bem-estar e adaptação psicológica é por isso uma questão de interesse estratégico. Este trabalho analisa os factores em jogo no bem-estar e adaptação psicológica numa amostra de 108 adolescentes (55 rapazes e 53 raparigas), filhos de imigrantes em Huelva (Espanha) e no Algarve (Portugal), com idades compreendidas entre os 10 e os 17 anos. Foram recolhidos dados sobre as características sócio-demográficas e o bem-estar percebido dos adolescentes. Utilizámos o KIDSCREEN-52, questionário que avalia a percepção dos adolescentes sobre a sua saúde e bem-estar em dez dimensões: Bem-estar físico, Bem-estar psicológico, Estado de ânimo, Auto-percepção, Autonomia, Relações com os pais e vida familiar, Recursos económicos, Apoio social e dos pares, Ambiente escolar e Aceitação social (Bullying-rejeição). Entre os principais resultados destacamos as diferenças significativas entre as pontuações obtidas na amostra de Espanha e Portugal no Bem-estar físico, Bem-estar psicológico, Estado de ânimo, Recursos económicos e Aceitação social (Bullying-rejeição) respectivamente. Os rapazes percebem-se com melhor bem-estar físico. O nível de escolaridade da mãe está relacionado com o bem-estar psicológico e o estado de ânimo. Não encontrámos efeitos do tempo de residência nem de outras variáveis sociodemográficas estudadas no bem-estar e adaptação psicológica dos adolescentes

Importancia del estilo cognitivo y el temperamento en el ámbito escolar

The cognitive style Field Dependence/Independence (FDI) has been considered an explanatory factor in the individual differences of subjects. Even when the FDI factor is given a neutral value, questions arise on its neutrality when a relationship is established between the cognitive and personality variables. As a result many studies have been carried out to test the influence and importance of FDI in the school environment. Child temperament is another of the variables which has been shown to have important implications on school achievement. The present paper aims to find out whether the FDI cognitive style and temperament are related, and whether these two variables in their turn are related to cognitive, achievement and emotional variables. The sample is 108 boys and 106 girls between the ages of 6 and 7. The instruments used were: the Battery of Differential and General Aptitudes (BADyG. Yuste, 1984), the Children Embedded Figures Test (CEFT. Karp & Konstadt, 1971/1982), the Reactivity Rating Scale (RRS. Friedensberg & Strelau, 1982) and the Human Figure Drawing (HFD. Koppitz 1974/1991). The results confirm an association which is statistically significant between the FDI and temperament, and at the same time these variables are shown to be related to intelligence, school achievement and the emotional indicators in HFD. Furthermore it has been observed that the group with better results on an intellectual level and with better academic achievement in reading, writing and Maths are the subjects who are Field Independent and have low reactivity.ResumenEl estilo cognitivo Dependencia/Independencia de Campo (DIC) ha sido considerado como un factor explicativo de las diferencias individuales de los sujetos. Aunque a la DIC se le otorga un valor neutral, las relaciones confirmadas con variables cognitivas y de personalidad han dado lugar al cuestionamiento de dicha neutralidad. Como consecuencia se han realizado abundantes estudios para comprobar la influencia e importancia de la DIC en el ámbito educativo. El temperamento infantil es otra de las variables que se ha demostrado tiene importantes implicaciones en el rendimiento escolar. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo investigar si el estilo cognitivo DIC y el temperamento están relacionados, y si ambas variables guardan, a su vez, relación con variables cognitivas, de rendimiento y emocionales. La muestra consta de 108 niños y 106 niñas de 6 y 7 años. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido: La Batería de Aptitudes Diferenciales y Generales (BADyG. Yuste, 1984), el Test de Figuras Enmascaradas para niños (CEFT. Karp y Konstadt, 1971/1982), la Escala de Reactividad Infantil (RRS. Friedensberg y Strelau, 1982) y el Dibujo de la Figura Humana (DFH. Koppitz, 1974, 1991). Los resultados confirman relaciones de asociación estadísticamente significativas entre la DIC y el temperamento, así como relaciones de estas variables con inteligencia, rendimiento académico y los indicadores emociones en el DFH. En concreto, se observa que los sujetos Independientes de Campo y con baja reactividad constituyen el grupo con mejores resultados a nivel intelectual y con mejor rendimiento escolar en lectura, escritura y matemáticas.AbstractThe cognitive style Field Dependence/Independence (FDI) has been considered an explanatory factor in the individual differences of subjects. Even when the FDI factor is given a neutral value, questions arise on its neutrality when a relationship is established between the cognitive and personality variables. As a result many studies have been carried out to test the influence and importance of FDI in the school environment. Child temperament is another of the variables which has been shown to have important implications on school achievement. The present paper aims to find out whether the FDI cognitive style and temperament are related, and whether these two variables in their turn are related to cognitive, achievement and emotional variables. The sample is 108 boys and 106 girls between the ages of 6 and 7. The instruments used were: the Battery of Differential and General Aptitudes (BADyG. Yuste, 1984), the Children Embedded Figures Test (CEFT. Karp & Konstadt, 1971/1982), the Reactivity Rating Scale (RRS. Friedensberg & Strelau, 1982) and the Human Figure Drawing (HFD. Koppitz 1974/1991). The results confirm an association which is statistically significant between the FDI and temperament, and at the same time these variables are shown to be related to intelligence, school achievement and the emotional indicators in HFD. Furthermore it has been observed that the group with better results on an intellectual level and with better academic achievement in reading, writing and Maths are the subjects who are Field Independent and have low reactivity

Calidad de servicios y satisfacción del cliente en los restaurantes campestres del distrito de Huaral, año 2018

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar de qué manera la calidad de servicios influye en la satisfacción del cliente en los restaurantes campestres del distrito de Huaral, año 2018. La investigación realizada, es de tipo aplicada y de nivel descriptivo. Se aplicó el diseño no experimental, correlacional-causal y transeccional. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios de encuesta, uno para la variable calidad de servicios y el otro para la variable satisfacción del cliente. Dieron respuesta a los ítems de los cuestionarios 322 comensales, muestra estadísticamente representativa de una población de 2000 comensales. Tres Maestros en Administración Estratégica como “expertos” validaron los cuestionarios aplicados; la confiabilidad de estos fue calculada a través de una prueba piloto aplicada a 40 clientes de los restaurantes campestres del distrito de Huaral. El coeficiente de Alpha de Cronbach de 0,918 que corresponde a la variable calidad de servicios y el de 0,804 a la variable satisfacción del cliente, más el “test-retest” aplicado, confirmaron la alta confiabilidad de los cuestionarios. Para elaborar las tablas de frecuencias se empleó la estadística descriptiva y para procesar los datos el programa SPSS en su versión 22. La comprobación de las hipótesis se realizó mediante la prueba estadística de Rho de Spearman. Se comprobó que casi la mitad de los clientes encuestados (49.22 %) perciben que la calidad de servicios en los restaurantes campestres del distrito de Huaral, es de nivel medio, la misma que genera una satisfacción también de nivel medio en el 69.79 % de los clientes investigados. Por consiguiente, se concluye que la calidad de servicios influye significativamente en la satisfacción del cliente en los restaurantes campestres del distrito de Huaral, año 2018. También se comprobó la existencia de una correlación positiva moderada entre las variables calidad de servicios y satisfacción del cliente, en las referidas empresas

Percepción del marketing digital utilizado en tiempos de Covid-19 en el Hostal Oasis de categoría dos estrellas, Lambayeque - 2021

La presente investigación presentó como objetivo determinar la percepción del marketing digital en tiempos de COVID-19 que utiliza el Hostal Oasis de categoría dos estrellas, Lambayeque 2021. Asimismo, la metodología que se utilizó es descriptiva, de enfoque cuantitativo y diseño no experimental de tipo transversal descriptivo, la muestra estuvo conformada por 136 clientes, mientras que la técnica que se utilizo es la encuesta por medio del instrumento de cuestionario, el cual estuvo compuesto por 20 ítems que describió las tres dimensiones de tendencias digitales, observatorio de redes sociales y macroencuestas navegantes en la red. En cuanto a los resultados se obtuvo que la variable de marketing digital presento en total acuerdo de 54.41%, 20.589% de acuerdo, 14.71% indiferencia y 10.29% desacuerdo por los clientes después que se realizó el instrumento de cuestionario en el Hostal, asimismo el nivel de aceptación por los indicadores, como correo electrónico de 13.2%, teléfono móvil 14%, facebook de 20.6%, WhatsApp de 13.2% y Tripadvisor 14% siendo los más utilizados por los clientes. Se concluyó que los clientes hacen uso de las plataformas digitales para recibir información de los servicios hoteleros y conocer sobre los precio, ofertas y promociones que brinda el Hostal

Cyberbullying among adults with intellectual disabilities: Some preliminary data

[EN]Background. Recent studies show that youth with disabilities are at risk of experiencing cyberbullying. Nevertheless, the nature of this phenomenon among adults with intellectual disabilities has not been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the frequency and characteristics of cyberbullying and its correlates in individuals with intellectual disabilities attending training centers for adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods and Procedures. A convenience sample of 269 participants (54.3% men and 35.7% women), aged 18 to 40 years was recruited from Chile (14.1%), Mexico (32%), and Spain (53.9%). Results. The findings showed that 15.2% have been cyberbullied and 8.6% are currently being cyberbullied. Being different was the main reason (97.7%) for being cyberbullied. The behaviors happen in educational settings (46.67%), leisure/free time activities (31.11%), and associations for people with disabilities (15.56%). Verbal aggressions (74.53%) were the most common cyberbullying behaviors. Those who were cyberbullied reported more inadequate use of mobile phone and Internet, as well as more unhealthy behaviors and depressive mood. Conclusions and implications. These findings support the need for further studies on adults with intellectual disabilities, as well as the need for implementing primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention programs