European Cystic Fibrosis Society standards of care: best practice guidelines

Specialised CF care has led to a dramatic improvement in survival in CF: in the last four decades, well above what was seen in the general population over the same period. With the implementation of newborn screening in many European countries, centres are increasingly caring for a cohort of patients who have minimal lung disease at diagnosis and therefore have the potential to enjoy an excellent quality of life and an even greater life expectancy than was seen previously. To allow high quality care to be delivered throughout Europe, a landmark document was published in 2005 that sets standards of care. Our current document builds on this work, setting standards for best practice in key aspects of CF care. The objective of our document is to give a broad overview of the standards expected for screening, diagnosis, pre-emptive treatment of lung disease, nutrition, complications, transplant/end of life care and psychological support. For comprehensive details of clinical care of CF, references to the most up to date European Consensus Statements, Guidelines or Position Papers are provided in Table 1. We hope that this best practice document will be useful to clinical teams both in countries where CF care is developing and those with established CF centres

ECFS best practice guidelines: the 2018 revision

Developments in managing CF continue to drive dramatic improvements in survival. As newborn screening rolls-out across Europe, CF centres are increasingly caring for cohorts of patients who have minimal lung disease on diagnosis. With the introduction of mutation-specific therapies and the prospect of truly personalised medicine, patients have the potential to enjoy good quality of life in adulthood with ever-increasing life expectancy. The landmark Standards of Care published in 2005 set out what high quality CF care is and how it can be delivered throughout Europe. This underwent a fundamental re-write in 2014, resulting in three documents; center framework, quality management and best practice guidelines. This document is a revision of the latter, updating standards for best practice in key aspects of CF care, in the context of a fast-moving and dynamic field. In continuing to give a broad overview of the standards expected for newborn screening, diagnosis, preventative treatment of lung disease, nutrition, complications, transplant/end of life care and psychological support, this consensus on best practice is expected to prove useful to clinical teams both in countries where CF care is developing and those with established CF centres. The document is an ECFS product and endorsed by the CF Network in ERN LUNG and CF Europe

China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for Trade and Investment in the Caribbean

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a major undertaking of the Chinese Government to link countries across Asia, Europe, Africa, and Oceania via a series of overland and marine infrastructure projects. Originally proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 the Initiative has expanded its geographic scope to include all countries as well as regional and international institutions. Successfully implemented the BRI will have far-reaching implications for participating countries as well as for the global economy. Several countries in the Caribbean have already signed on to the Initiative including Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Barbados, and Guyana. This presentation seeks to lay out the basic tenets of the BRI and discuss its implications for trade and investment in the Caribbean. While the BRI could potentially contribute to increased trade and investment in the Caribbean there are inherent risks to participation. These must be clearly understood. Drawing on the experiences of countries outside the Region this paper will discuss some of the issues that have arisen in the planning and implementation of BRI projects around the world. This analysis is intended to inform the decisions made by Caribbean government policy makers and individual firms on engagement with the BRI. The presentation will also discuss a new approach to development assistance proposed by the United States in response to the BRI and examines whether it represents a viable alternative for countries in the Caribbean

Pemasaran global : wawasan praktis dan analisis internasional

Buku ajar baru ini memperkenalkan konsep, teori, dan perspektif penting dari Pemasaran Global, didukung dengan kasus studi nyata dari Amerika Utara, Eropa, dan pasar negara berkembang di Cina, India, dan Amerika Latin.xii, 684 hlm.: 23 c

Export Competitiveness in the Market for Winter Vegetables: What can be learned from the Mexicans?

Export Competitiveness, Mexican Agricultural Exports, Agribusiness,

The Interplay of Formal Institutional and Cultural Distances and the Financial Performance of Foreign Subsidiaries in Latin America

We investigate how formal institutional distance (FID) moderates the cultural distance (CD) and financial performance relationships of foreign subsidiaries of firms. Following recent research, we estimate the asymmetric effects of CD by considering its size and direction towards host countries on the opposite poles of each cultural dimension’s scale. We propose that a limited understanding of the formal institutions in the host country, as measured by the magnitude and direction of the FID, can positively moderate the CD–performance relationship. This is mainly because foreign subsidiary firms may be more reliant on their capacity to navigate the less formal (and more implicit) aspects of the host country’s institutional environment, such as their ability to cope with the CD. We use foreign subsidiary data from the Orbis database, which includes 22 developed and 22 developing home countries and over 1400 foreign subsidiaries operating in 10 of Latin America’s largest economies (host countries) from 2012 to 2015 (a period of 3 years). Findings confirm the asymmetric effects of CD; however, by considering the direction of FID, our findings reveal that the more FID is directed towards host countries that are less developed, the more significant the effects of CD on financial performance. These findings contribute to our knowledge of how formal and informal institutional distances interact by showing that the greater the FID towards less developed host countries, the more pronounced the effects of CD