Population structure of eleven Spanish ovine breeds and detection of selective sweeps with BayeScan and hapFLK

The goals of the current work were to analyse the population structure of 11 Spanish ovine breeds and to detect genomic regions that may have been targeted by selection. A total of 141 individuals were genotyped with the Infinium 50 K Ovine SNP BeadChip (Illumina). We combined this dataset with Spanish ovine data previously reported by the International Sheep Genomics Consortium (N = 229). Multidimensional scaling and Admixture analyses revealed that Canaria de Pelo and, to a lesser extent, Roja Mallorquina, Latxa and Churra are clearly differentiated populations, while the remaining seven breeds (Ojalada, Castellana, Gallega, Xisqueta, Ripollesa, Rasa Aragonesa and Segureña) share a similar genetic background. Performance of a genome scan with BayeScan and hapFLK allowed us identifying three genomic regions that are consistently detected with both methods i.e. Oar3 (150–154 Mb), Oar6 (4–49 Mb) and Oar13 (68–74 Mb). Neighbor-joining trees based on polymorphisms mapping to these three selective sweeps did not show a clustering of breeds according to their predominant productive specialization (except the local tree based on Oar13 SNPs). Such cryptic signatures of selection have been also found in the bovine genome, posing a considerable challenge to understand the biological consequences of artificial selection.Publishe

Trabalho Livre nº 04 - Complexidade do Tratamento da Úlcera de Perna Venosa em Doente Diabética

As Úlceras de Perna (UP) não constituem um diagnóstico mas sim um sinal da presença de uma ou várias doenças subjacentes. Estima-se que 80-90% das UP são causadas por doença vascular, sendo que as de etiologia venosa constituem o subtipo mais frequente (70% de todas as UP). Outras etiologias são a doença arterial, linfática, vasculites, hematológicas, infeciosas, metabólicas (principalmente diabetes Mellitus), tumorais, queimaduras e medicamentosas.N/

Leiomiosarcoma do Intestino Delgado – um caso clínico

Leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are rare mesenchymal tumours. LMS of the small bowel originate from smooth muscle cells from muscularis propria, with a peak of incidence around 60 years of age, without characteristic clinical signs, being, most of the time, detected when studying the cause of an occult haemorrhage or intestinal occlusion, with findings in CT scan or US. We report a case of a female patient, of 53 years of age, brought at our assistance with complaints of hipogastric discomfort, with a palpable mass in hipogastro and umbilical region, and that after performing an abdominal CT scan, was disclosed a mass, with 12 cm, appearing to have involvement of jejunal loops. In surgery, a jejunal mass, with extra-luminal growth was disclosed and excised, whose histology identified as being a Leiomyosarcoma. With a 24 month of follow-up, there is no recurrence. Keywords: leiomyosarcoma; neoplasia; small bowel; Objectivo: Apresenta-se o caso de doente com diagnóstico de leiomiosarcoma do intestino delgado e revisão da literatura. Apresentação do caso: Descreve-se o caso clínico de uma doente de 53 anos de idade, enviada à nossa consulta, por massa abdominal diagnosticada 2 semanas antes. Realizou TAC abdomino-pélvica nesse mesmo dia, que confirmou existência de “massa infra-mesocólica, com 12 cm de maior diâmetro, sólida e homogénea com áreas de necrose, parecendo envolver ansas do intestino delgado”. Foi submetida a laparotomia exploradora no dia 25/10/06, tendo-se confirmado a existência de massa abdominal, envolvendo uma ansa jejunal, cujo exame histopatológico revelou tratar-se de um leiomiosarcoma do intestino delgado. Conclusão: Os leiomiosarcomas do intestino delgado são raros, constituindo uma hipótese diagnóstica muito pouco frequente. A cirurgia mantém-se a única terapêutica curativa para esta patologia. Deve ser mantida uma vigilância apertada, visto apresentar um comportamento biológico imprevisível mas potencialmente muito agressivo, com metastização frequente. Palavras–chave: Leiomiosarcoma; neoplasia; intestino delgado;

Dormancia en semillas de papaya cv Maradol Roja durante el almacenamiento

The objective of this work was to determinethe effect of humidity content of papaya cv MaradolRoja and storage temperatura on dormany. The work wasconducted at the Laboratorio Nacional de Semillas, EmpresaProductora y Comercializadora de Semillas, La Habana,Cuba, from November 2006 to January 2008. Seeds wereextracted from papaya fruits cv Maradol Roja and driedto three humidiy contents (12%, 10,56% y 9,26%), andaconditioned in polyiethylene bags and stored at 15ºC and4ºC. Percentaje of seed germination, heigth and fresh weightof the seedlings were measured at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months instorage. There was a trend towards reduced seed germinationduring the fi rst 6 months in storage (55,6%). After 9 and12 months a signifi cant incresase in germination wasobserved, independent of seed water content. Seeds storedin environment at 15ºC favored germination after longersotrage compared to seeds kept in storage for shorter periods(3 months). Seed dormany concluded between 9 and 12months in storage irrespective of seed water content.El objetivo del presente trabajofue determinar el efecto de la humedad de la semillacultivar Maradol Roja y la temperatura durante el almacenamiento,en la dormancia de la papaya. Este trabajo fue desarrolladoen el Laboratorio Nacional de Semillas de la EmpresaProductora y Comercializadora de Semillas, provincia LaHabana, Cuba, en el período noviembre 2006 a enero 2008.Fueron extraídas las semillas de frutos de papaya cv MaradolRoja, y se secaron a tres contenidos de humedad (12%,10,56% y 9,26%), y acondicionadas en bolsas de polietilenoy almacenadas a 15ºC y 4ºC. El porcentaje de germinación,altura y peso fresco de la planta fueron realizadas al inicio ydespués de tres, seis, nueve y doce meses de almacenamiento.Hubo tendencia a la disminución de la germinación en losprimeros seis meses del almacenamiento, alcanzándose losvalores más bajos del porcentaje de germinación (55,6%). Apartir de los nueve y doce meses fue detectado un aumentosignifi cativo en la germinación, independiente del contenidode humedad de la semilla. El ambiente de 15ºC favoreciómayor germinación en períodos mayores de almacenamientoen relación a las mantenidas a 4ºC, que exhibieron mejoresporcentajes de germinación en un período menor (tres mesesde almacenamiento). La dormancia fi nalizó en los periodosde almacenamiento a los nueve y doce meses, independientementedel contenido de humedad

Dormancy of papaya seeds cv Maradol Roja during storage.

El objetivo del presente trabajofue determinar el efecto de la humedad de la semillacultivar Maradol Roja y la temperatura durante el almacenamiento,en la dormancia de la papaya. Este trabajo fue desarrolladoen el Laboratorio Nacional de Semillas de la EmpresaProductora y Comercializadora de Semillas, provincia LaHabana, Cuba, en el período noviembre 2006 a enero 2008.Fueron extraídas las semillas de frutos de papaya cv MaradolRoja, y se secaron a tres contenidos de humedad (12%,10,56% y 9,26%), y acondicionadas en bolsas de polietilenoy almacenadas a 15ºC y 4ºC. El porcentaje de germinación,altura y peso fresco de la planta fueron realizadas al inicio ydespués de tres, seis, nueve y doce meses de almacenamiento.Hubo tendencia a la disminución de la germinación en losprimeros seis meses del almacenamiento, alcanzándose losvalores más bajos del porcentaje de germinación (55,6%). Apartir de los nueve y doce meses fue detectado un aumentosignifi cativo en la germinación, independiente del contenidode humedad de la semilla. El ambiente de 15ºC favoreciómayor germinación en períodos mayores de almacenamientoen relación a las mantenidas a 4ºC, que exhibieron mejoresporcentajes de germinación en un período menor (tres mesesde almacenamiento). La dormancia fi nalizó en los periodosde almacenamiento a los nueve y doce meses, independientementedel contenido de humedad.The objective of this work was to determinethe effect of humidity content of papaya cv MaradolRoja and storage temperatura on dormany. The work wasconducted at the Laboratorio Nacional de Semillas, EmpresaProductora y Comercializadora de Semillas, La Habana,Cuba, from November 2006 to January 2008. Seeds wereextracted from papaya fruits cv Maradol Roja and driedto three humidiy contents (12%, 10,56% y 9,26%), andaconditioned in polyiethylene bags and stored at 15ºC and4ºC. Percentaje of seed germination, heigth and fresh weightof the seedlings were measured at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months instorage. There was a trend towards reduced seed germinationduring the fi rst 6 months in storage (55,6%). After 9 and12 months a signifi cant incresase in germination wasobserved, independent of seed water content. Seeds storedin environment at 15ºC favored germination after longersotrage compared to seeds kept in storage for shorter periods(3 months). Seed dormany concluded between 9 and 12months in storage irrespective of seed water content

Mamíferos (Mammalia) de San José del Guaviare, Colombia

We present the results obtained during four years of sampling of mammals in different plant covers of the municipality of San José del Guaviare, Guaviare, Colombia. Between 2012 and 2017 we collected information about diversity of mammals, through capture with mist nets, traps for small and medium mammals, camera traps, direct observations, interviews, and secondary information. We report 121 species of mammals for the municipality. We recorded sampling completeness of 64 % for bats, 60 % for small non-flying mammals, and 100 % for medium and large mammals. We highlight geographical novelties for the marsupials Marmosa waterhousei, Glironia venusta and for the bats Lonchorhina marinkellei, Phyllostomus latifolius, Glyphonycteris sylvestris, Glyphonycteris daviesi, Glossophaga commissarisi and Myotis keaysi. The richness found in this study is comparable with other long-term neotropical inventories and the area has the largest number of bat and primate species reported for any site in Colombia. However, it is necessary to continue with the intensive sampling, because the richness of small non-volant mammals and bats are still underestimated.publishe

Adaptation of a Couple-Based HIV/STI Prevention Intervention for Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York City

Predominantly Spanish-speaking Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) and their same-sex partners continue to be at high risk for HIV and STIs. Behavioral research has identified how relationship dynamics for male couples are associated with sexual risk behavior. Connect ‘n Unite (CNU), an evidence-based HIV/STI prevention intervention originally created for Black MSM and their same-sex partners, was adapted for predominantly Spanish-speaking Latino MSM and their same-sex partners on the assumption that its key elements would be translatable while its efficacy would be retained. A systematic adaptation process utilizing qualitative methods was used, including intervention adaptation sessions with 20 predominantly Spanish-speaking Latino gay couples and 10 health service providers. The process included five steps: (1) engaging community stakeholders, (2) capturing the lived experiences of Latino gay couples, (3) identifying intervention priorities, (4) integrating the original intervention’s social cognitive theory into a relationship-oriented, ecological framework for Latino gay couples, and (5) adapting intervention activities and materials. The adapted intervention, which we called Latinos en Pareja or Latinos in a Relationship, incorporates elements that effective HIV prevention interventions share, including: a solid theoretical foundation; emphasis on increasing risk reduction norms, sexual communication skills and social support for protection; and guidance on how to utilize available, culturally and linguistically appropriate services. The systematic adaptation approach used for a couples-based HIV prevention intervention also can be employed by other researchers and community stakeholders to adapt evidence-based interventions that promote wellness, linkage to care, and disease prevention for populations not originally targeted

Still a Hard-to-Reach Population? Using Social Media to Recuit Latino Gay Couples for an HIV Intervention Adaptation Study

Background Online social networking use has increased rapidly among African American and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM), making it important to understand how these technologies can be used to reach, retain, and maintain individuals in care and promote health wellness. In particular, the Internet is increasingly recognized as a platform for health communication and education. However, little is known about how primarily Spanish-speaking populations use and engage with each other through social media platforms. Objective We aimed to recruit eligible couples for a study to adapt “Connect ‘n Unite” (an HIV prevention intervention initially created for black gay couples) for Spanish-speaking Latino gay couples living in New York City. Methods In order to successfully design and implement an effective social media recruitment campaign to reach Spanish-speaking Latino gay couples for our ongoing “Latinos en Pareja” study, our community stakeholders and research team used McGuire’s communication/persuasion matrix. The matrix guided our research, specifically each marketing “channel”, targeted “message”, and target population or “receiver”. We developed a social media recruitment protocol and trained our research staff and stakeholders to conduct social media recruitment. Results As a result, in just 1 month, we recruited all of our subjects (N=14 couples, that is, N=28 participants) and reached more than 35,658 participants through different channels. One of the major successes of our social media recruitment campaign was to build a strong stakeholder base that became involved early on in all aspects of the research process—from pilot study writing and development to recruitment and retention. In addition, the variety of “messages” used across different social media platforms (including Facebook, the “Latinos en Pareja” study website, Craigslist, and various smartphone applications such as Grindr, SCRUFF, and Jack’d) helped recruit Latino gay couples. We also relied on a wide range of community-based organizations across New York City to promote the study and build in the social media components. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating communication technologies into the recruitment and engagement of participants in HIV interventions. Particularly, the success of our social media recruitment strategy with Spanish-speaking Latino MSM shows that this population is not particularly “hard to reach”, as it is often characterized within public health literature