¿Hacia dónde va la calidad de las revistas especializadas en drogodependencias?

La documentacion cientifica en drogodependencias ha experimentado en los últimos anos un importante desarrollo como corresponde a un area de trabajo en constante cambio y expansion. La mejora de la calidad de las revistas especializadas en materia de adicciones es un reto a conseguir por parte de autores, revisores y editores desde las diferentes vertientes que conforman el proceso editorial. Desde hace mas de una decada un grupo de trabajo formado por editores de revistas especializadas en el uso de sustancias psicoactivas denominado, ahora, ISAJE (Sociedad Internacional de Editores de Revistas Especializadas) trabaja por la mejora de la calidad del proceso editorial de estas publicaciones. Los resultados de este trabajo revierten en un encuentro anual entre los miembros de dicho grupo en el que intercambian informacion y establecen acuerdos para el incremento en la mejora de la calidad del proceso editorial.Se presenta una perspectiva general sobre la situacion y debate actual por el que pasa la calidad de las principales revistas de adicciones adheridas al Acuerdo de Farmington (1997) asi como los principales temas tratados por ISAJE (Sociedad Internacional de Editores de Revistas Especializadas en Adicciones) en el último encuentro celebrado en la ciudad de Dresde (Alemania) en septiembre de 2007

Gabor frames for classification of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation episodes

[EN] In this study, we propose a new classification method for early differentiation of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation episodes, i.e. those which spontaneously or with external intervention will return to sinus rhythm within 7 days of onset from the ones where the arrhythmia is sustained for more than 7 days. Today, clinicians provide patients classification once the course of the arrhythmia has been disclosed. This classification problem is dealt with in this study. We study a sparse representation of surface electrocardiogram signals by means of Gabor frames and afterwards we apply a linear discriminant analysis. Thus, we provide an early discrimination, obtaining promising performances on a heterogeneous cohort of patients in terms of pharmacological treatment and state of progression of the arrhythmia: 95% sensitivity, 82% specificity, 89% accuracy. In this manner, the proposed method can help clinicians to choose the most appropriate treatment using the electrocardiogram, which is a widely available and non-invasive technique. This early differentiation is clinically highly significant in order to choose optimal patients who may undergo catheter ablation with higher success rates. (C) 2016 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This work was supported by Generalitat Valenciana under Grant PrometeoII/2013/013, and by MINECO under Grants MTM2013-43540-P and MTM2016-76647-P.Ortigosa, N.; Galbis Verdu, A.; Fernández, C.; Cano-Pérez, Ó. (2017). Gabor frames for classification of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation episodes. Medical Engineering & Physics. 39:31-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.10.013S31373

La Química Orgánica: colección de materiales para el aprendizaje en un entorno abierto

Materiales creados para facilitar el autoestudio de la química Orgánica a nivel básico y medio, que se podrán implementar en una página web

EL ROL DEL CAPITAL INTELECTUAL EN LA INNOVACIÓN DE LAS EMPRESAS (ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN)

The purpose of this article is to show the relationship of the intellectual capital of companies and innovativeness of the products and services they placed on the market. Intellectual capital (IC) is the sum of human, structural and relational resources that exist in the company, as well as the interplay between them established it. Innovation is the transforming power of the company. If a company does not invest intellectual capital to promote the development of innovation capabilities, this competitive advantage will be diminished. This article is a review of the literature published in various sources. It includes the Academy of Management Journal, Academy of Management Journal, Journal of knowledge management, Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting and the Journal of Intellectual Capital. The results of the literature review reveal that IC management influences innovation capabilities of companies, whether radical or incremental

Regioselective Formation of 2,5-Disubstituted Oxazoles Via Copper(I)-Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Acyl Azides and 1-Alkynes

The reaction of 1-alkynes with acylazides in the presence of [Tpm*,BrCu(NCMe)]BF4 (Tpm*,Br = tris(3,5-dimethyl-4-bromopyrazolyl)methane) as the catalyst provides 2,5-oxazoles in moderate to high yields. This is a novel transformation of CuAAC type, that constitutes a significant variation of the commonly observed [3+2] cycloaddition reaction to yield 1,2,3-triazolesMEC (Proyecto CTQ2008-00042/BQU, Consolider Ingenio 2010, Grant No. CSD2006-003) and the Junta de Andalucía (Proyecto P07-FQM-02745).This work is dedicated to Prof. Jose Barluenga on the occasion of his retirement. This research was financially supported by MEC (Proyecto CTQ2008-00042/BQU, Consolider Ingenio 2010, Grant CSD2006-003) and the Junta de Andalucia (Proyecto P07-FQM-02745). I.C. thanks MEC for a research fellowship. We gratefully acknowledge Prof. Antonio Echavarren for helpful discussions. Dr. Ana Caballero and Dr. Tomas R. Belderrain are thanked for assistance with GC MS and NMR studies

Comparison of particulate matter emission and soluble matter collected from combustion cigarettes and heated tobacco products using a setup designed to simulate puffing regimes

An experimental setup was designed and optimized to collect particulate matter suspended in cigarettes smoke or in the aerosol generated during the use of heated tobacco products (HTPs). The setup is mainly based on a gas washing flask containing water where particulate matter and soluble compounds can be trapped, resembling interaction in the body. This system allows to perform puffing experiments in conditions similar to those of the Health Canada Intense puffing regime. In the study, cigarettes and Heets (in IQOS heater) from Philip Morris Products were used. Complementary characterization of this particulate matter has been extracted from experiments on a gas washing flask containing isopropanol. Total organic carbon analysis, laser diffraction, UV-vis spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy measurements have shown that cigarette smoke contains a large number and content of compounds soluble in water and isopropanol, together with solid particles generated during combustion. In contrast, negligible presence of non-combustion related particles was detected in Heets aerosol samples. These facts, together with the higher amount of water soluble compounds and higher number of polyaromatic hydrocarbons detected in the cigarettes smoke, allow to conclude that HTPs are less harmful than combusted cigarettes.The research described in this study was funded by Philip Morris Products S.A., Switzerland (part of Philip Morris International group of companies)

Utilización de servicios de atención primaria, atención especializada y consumo de medicamentos por la población de 65 años y más en la Comunidad de Madrid

Background: Ageing of the Spanish population results in an increa¬se in health services required. Therefore, determine the frequency of the health services utilization in this age group and analyze their determinants has a great interest.The aim was to analyze the utilization of health services among older people living in two urban neighborhoods of northern Madrid. Method: cross-sectional population-based study. It is studied a cohort of 1327 individuals ≥ 65 years, stratified by age and sex. Nine utilization indicators were defined. For each indicator frequencies and the association of each with the other variables were calculated by multivariate analysis. Results: The distribution of indicators expressed as a percentage of the user population is: GP appoiments/month 64.8% (95%CI 62.3 to 67.4); nur¬sing appoiments/month 44.6% (95% CI 41.2 to 47.2); home medical visits/month 3.1% (95%CI 2.2 to 4.1); home nursing visits/month 3% (95%CI 2.1 to 3.9); hospitalization/year 16.4% (95%CI 14.4 to 18.4); appoiments rheumatologist/orthopedic/year 25.1% (95%CI 22.7 to 27.4); physiothera¬pist appoiments/year 12.9% (95% CI 11.1 to 14.7); podiatrist appoiments/year 30.6% (95%CI 28.1 to 33.1) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs) 55.7% (95% CI 53 to 58.4). Comorbidity was the best predictor of health care utilization ranging from OR 4.10 (95%CI: 3.07-5,49) to OR 1.39 (95%CI: 0.97-1.99) in polymedicated and visit the physiotherapist respectively. Cardiovascular disease (OR 1.34; 95%CI 1.03-1,76) and diabetes (OR 1.46; 95%CI: 1.05 -2.02) were independently associated with increased use of family doctor. Dependence was the main determinant for home healthcare (OR 3.38; 95%CI: 1.38-8.28) and nurses (OR 9.71; 95%CI: 4.19-22.48) Mood disor¬ders were associated to polypharmacy (OR 2.06; 95%CI: 1,48-2.86) and to visits to family doctor (OR 1.52; 95%CI: 1,13-2.04). Conclusions: The comorbidity is the strongest predictor of health ser¬vices utilization. Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are independently associated to greater use. Dependence is the main determinant of home care. Mood disorders associated with polypharmacy and increased attendances to the General PractitionerFundamento: El envejecimiento de la población española se traduce en un aumento de las prestaciones sanitarias requeridas por la población mayor, por ello conocer la frecuencia de la utilización de los servicios sanitarios de este grupo de edad y analizar sus factores determinantes es de especial interés. El objetivo fue analizar la utilización de servicios sanitarios de la población mayor residente en dos barrios urbanos del norte de Madrid. Métodos: Estudio transversal de base poblacional. Se estudió una cohorte de 1.327 individuos igual o mayor a 65 años, estratificada por edad y sexo. Se definieron 9 indicadores de utilización durante el mes anterio o durante el último año. Para cada indicador se calcularon las frecuencias y la asociación con el resto de variables mediante análisis multivariante. Resultados: la distribución de los indicadores expresada como proporción de la población usuaria fue: consultas médico/mes 64,8% (IC95%:62,3-67,4); consultas enfermería/mes 44,6% (IC95%:41,2-47,2); domicilios médico/mes 3,1% (IC95%:2,2-4,1); domicilios enfermería/mes 3%(IC95%:2,1-3,9); hospitalización/año 16,4% (IC95%:14,4-18,4); consultas reumatólogo/traumatólogo/año 25,1% (IC95%:22,7-27,4); consultas fisioterapeuta/año 12,9% (IC95%:11,1-14,7); consultas podólogo/año 30,6% (IC95%:28,1-33,1) y polimedicados (≥5 fármacos) 55,7% (IC95%: 53-58,4). La comorbilidad fue la variable que mejor predijo la utilización de servicios sanitarios oscilando entre OR 4.10 (IC95%:3.07-5,49) y OR 1,39 (IC95%: 0.97-1.99) para estar polimedicado y visitar al fisioterapeuta respectivamente. Enfermedades cardiovasculares (OR 1,34; IC95%:1.03-1,76) y diabetes (OR 1,46; IC95%:1,05-2,02) se asociaron de forma independiente a mayor utilización del médico de familia. La dependencia fue el principal determinante de atención domiciliaria para el médico (OR 3,38; IC95%: 1,38-8,28) y para enfermería (OR 9.71; IC 95%: 4.19-22.48). Trastornos del ánimo se asociaron a mayor polimedicación (OR 2.06; IC95%: 1,48-2.86) y visitas al médico de familia (OR 1,52; IC 95%:1,13-2.04). Conclusiones: La comorbilidad fue la variable que mejor predijo la utilización de servicios sanitarios. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares y la diabetes se asocian de forma independiente a mayor utilización de servicios. Los trastornos del ánimo se asocian a mayor polimedicación y más visitas al médico de familiaThis project is partially funded with a grant from the Ministry of Health,Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS: PI 09/2143) and RETICEF (Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad, RD 06/0013/1013

Ética, responsabilidad y uso de tecnologías en la intervención social: Nuevos desafíos para nuevas oportunidades en Trabajo Social

In this article, we offer a theoretical argument and discussion based on the ethical principles, values, morals and regulatory norms that support the action framework of the Social Work profession. The profession has had to reinvent itself in the last three years, making use of its resilience and capacity to adapt to complex situations, in which for the profession and its professionals, the social welfare of the population is the pillar on which the discipline advances. In this context, the right to the protection of digital personal data and the regulatory norms in which they converge, taking into account the daily evolution of the profession, of the professionals and of the citizen users. We proceed to assess whether in the current context, with the development and professional use of technological resources, the protection of personal and social data is maintained in privacy and confidentiality. We also evaluate if, in this context, they are extensible to all individuals equally, or if, in this technological revolution and maelstrom in which we are immersed, situations of exclusion and social vulnerability are favored.En este artículo ofrecemos un argumentario y discusión teórica con base en los principios éticos, valores, moral y normas reguladoras que sustentan el marco de actuación de la profesión del Trabajo Social. Esta ha tenido que reinventarse en los últimos tres años, haciendo uso de su capacidad resiliente y de adaptación ante complejas situaciones, en las que para la profesión y sus profesionales prima el bienestar social de la población como pilar sobre el que avanza la propia disciplina. En este marco, el derecho a la protección de datos personales digitales y la normativa reguladora en la que convergen, teniendo en cuenta el devenir diario de la profesión, de las personas profesionales y de la ciudadanía usuaria. Procediendo a valorar, si en el contexto actual, con el desarrollo y la utilización profesional de recursos tecnológicos, la protección de datos personales y sociales se mantienen en la intimidad, en la privacidad y la confidencialidad. Valorando así mismo, en este contexto, si son extensibles a todas las personas en igualdad, o si, en este tejido de revolución y vorágine tecnológica, en la que nos vemos sumidos, se favorecen situaciones de exclusión y vulnerabilidad social

Characterising an abandoned phosphogypsum deposit by combining radiological, geophysical, geochemical, and statistical techniques

Phosphoric fertiliser has enormously contributed to agriculture; however, it generates five tonnes of phosphogypsum per ton of phosphoric acid synthesised. Phosphogypsum houses heavy metals and long-lived radioactive elements that represents an environmental issue requiring remediation. This paper presents a methodology for characterising phosphogypsum deposits using geophysical, geochemical, and statistical tools. Gamma-ray probes determined the abnormal radioactive zones within the phosphogypsum deposits while electrical resistivity tomography provided the geometry and distribution of the phosphogypsum deposits. Chemical results confirmed the high presence of heavy metals in the waste determining chromium as the most concentrated metal. Radiological measures indicate that the effective ambient dose equivalent average in the study area surface is approximately 8.5 times higher than the average for Europe. While at 1.0 m depth, in the phosphogypsum layer, the ambient dose equivalent average surpasses approximately 27 times the European average. Statistical correlation analysis supports that the radiation increases due to the uranium presence. This methodology might reduce time and cost avoiding the use of expensive traditional methods, and it is exportable to any deposit.The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper

MEDICINA VETERINARIA APLICADA AL GANADO VACUNO EN ÉPOCA ROMANA SEGÚN LA OBRA DE LUCIO JUNIO MODERATO COLUMELA (SIGLO I d. C.)

Lucio Junio Moderato Columela was an agronomist writer from ancient Rome. He was born in Gades (present-day Cádiz) in the year 4 A.D. and died in Taras (present-day Tarento, a southern italian city) around the year 70 A.D. His work, De Re Rustica, written in latin, is one of the most complete works on agriculture, livestock and animal medicine from Roman times and it was translated into Spanish for the first time in 1824 by Juan María Álvarez de Sotomayor y Rubio under the title of “The twelve books of agriculture”. The main goal of this final degree project has been examining and understanding what Columela shares about diseases, ailments and treatments that affected cattle in the 1st century A.D. For this, we have read the preface and the 26 chapters (I to XXVI) of the sixth book dedicated to cattle. These chapters describe the most frequent diseases of the time and different remedies for their cure. Among the diseases described, we find indigestion, stomach and intestine pain, ranulas and lack of appetite for food, fever, cough, abscess, lameness, scabies, rabid dog or wolf bites and coriazo, lung ulcers and palate tumors, hoof or leg injuries, bites of poisonous animals and infection by leeches. The medical treatments recommended by Columela are mainly natural and they are based in the use of preparations, ointments or concoctions with medicinal plants, food, minerals or even animals. Surgical procedures are also described, highlighting castration or bleeding. In addition to these remedies, Columela mentions some related to superstitious medicine. Columela’s work allows us to get an idea of the ailments suffered by cattle in Roman times, as well as the treatments used to cure them.Lucio Junio Moderato Columela fue un escritor agrónomo de la Antigua Roma nacido en Gades (actual Cádiz) en el año 4 d.C. y fallecido en Taras (actual ciudad del sur de Italia llamada Tarento) hacia el año 70 d.C. Su obra, De Re Rustica, escrita en latín, es una de las más completas sobre agricultura, ganadería y medicina animal de la época romana y fue traducida al castellano por vez primera en 1824 por Juan María Álvarez de Sotomayor y Rubio bajo el título de, “Los doce libros de agricultura”. El objetivo principal de este trabajo de fin de grado ha sido examinar y comprender los datos que Columela aporta sobre enfermedades, dolencias y tratamientos que afectaban al ganado vacuno en el siglo I d.C. Para ello, hemos realizado la lectura del prefacio y de los 26 capítulos (I a XXVI) del libro sexto dedicado al ganado vacuno. En estos capítulos se describen las enfermedades más frecuentes de la época y diversos remedios para su cura. Entre las enfermedades descritas encontramos la indigestión, dolor de vientre e intestinos, ránulas e inapetencia por la comida, calentura, tos, apostemas, cojeras, sarna, mordedura de perra rabiosa o lobo y coriazo, úlceras de pulmón y tumores de paladar, heridas de pezuñas o piernas, mordedura de animales venenosos y afección por sanguijuelas. Los tratamientos médicos recomendados por Columela son principalmente naturales y se basan en el uso de preparados, ungüentos o brebajes con plantas medicinales, alimentos, minerales e incluso animales. También se describen procedimientos quirúrgicos, entre los que destacan la castración y la sangría. Además de estos remedios Columela menciona algunos relacionados con la medicina supersticiosa. La obra de Columela permite hacernos una idea de las dolencias que padecía el ganado vacuno en época romana, así como de los tratamientos empleados para su curación