ELABORAÇÃO DE HAMBÚRGUER ENRIQUECIDO COM FIBRAS DE CAJU (Anacardium occidentale L.)

O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar hambúrguer enriquecido com fibras de caju, realizar análises físicas, químicas e sensoriais para verificar suas características nutritivas e a aceitação do produto. Para determinar a quantidade de bagaço a ser adicionada foram efetuados testes sensoriais preliminares com 10 julgadores treinados, mediante análise descritiva quantitativa, sendo desenvolvidas três formulações de hambúrguer com 20 (F1), 30 (F2) e 50% (F3) de fibras de caju. As determinações da composição centesimal e físico-químicas foram realizadas em triplicata, tanto nos hambúrgueres crus quanto nos cozidos. Efetuou-se avaliação sensorial com 48 julgadores não treinados, usando o teste de comparação múltipla, com uma amostra padrão P (hambúrguer comercial) e escala hedônica. O produto apresentou bom valor nutritivo, com maior conteúdo de fibras e menor teor de gordura, quando comparado ao hambúrguer tradicional. Também se revelou boa fonte de proteínas, resíduo mineral fixo e vitamina C, apresentando elevado teor de zinco. Observou-se que o produto com a adição de 30% de fibras de caju alcançou melhor aceitação pelos julgadores. No teste de comparação múltipla, a formulação F2 foi considerada a melhor em relação à amostra padrão por 43,4% dos julgadores. Constatou-se que conforme se aumentou a porcentagem de bagaço de caju, a aceitação dos hambúrgueres diminuiu. Os resultados obtidos reforçam o potencial tecnológico do bagaço de caju para a elaboração de produtos do tipo hambúrguer, assim como a possibilidade de sua produção e comercialização

PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS À CIRURGIA CARDÍACA EM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO DO PIAUÍ

Introdução: A principal causa de morte no mundo, e consequen­temente no Brasil, tem como fator as doenças do coração e sua prevenção ainda constitui uma mediada salvadora de vidas, mesmo com todos os avanços da medicina para terapêutica das doenças cardíacas. Objetivo: caracterizar os aspectos sociodemográficos e tempo de internação dos pacientes que realizaram cirurgia cardíaca em um hospital universitário do piauí. Métodos: estudo de delineamento transversal e retrospectivo envolvendo indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca no período de março de 2015 a dezembro de 2016, no hospital universitário da ufpi. foram consideradas variáveis sociodemográficas, tipo de cirurgia e tempo de internação contidas em prontuários. para a análise estatística, utilizou-se o programa statistical package for the social sciences (spss) versão 22.0, sendo feita a caracterização descritiva, comparativa e de correlação utilizando um intervalo de confiança de 95% e p < 0,05. Resultados: foram realizadas 137 cirurgias cardíacas, sendo a maioria dos pacientes do sexo masculino (54,7%), com uma média de idade de 55,7 ± 16,2 anos (16 a 82 anos), de cor parda (92,7%), casado (62,8%) e natural do interior do Piauí (67,2%). 49% dos pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio e o tempo total de internação foi de 20 dias. Conclusão: A cirurgia cardíaca mostrou-se com características sociodemográficas semelhantes à de outras instituições. Estudos epidemiológicos como este, permitem uma avaliação do serviço ofertado e planejamento de estratégias de otimização da assistência.Palavras-chave: Perfil sociodemográfico. Cirurgia cardíaca. Revascularização

USO DE PRF ASSOCIADO A CIRURGIAS DE IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS

The physical changes that occur in the alveolus during the period of bone resorption bring with them the need for a specific surgical approach to patients who will undergo prosthetic rehabilitation through dental implants. Therefore, it is extremely important that the implant dentist is able to perform procedures that will lead to future treatment success, both aesthetic and functional. Aiming to carry out a procedure in an integral manner and maintaining the quality of soft tissues, incorporating preventive actions for the patient's periodontium and bone framework into surgical practice. As usual choices in treatment, conjunctival grafts, free gingiva and biological membranes are used to cover the surgical bed. Therefore, the purpose of this monograph is to evaluate the effectiveness of PRF (Platelet Rich Fibrin), as an alternative membrane to cover and protect the surgical bed, thus avoiding the presence of infection at the site, and maintaining its tissue aesthetics, especially in the anterior region. Most procedures showed the restoration of peri-implant health, bone regeneration resulting from the use of bone graft and improvement in the quality, modulation and appearance of soft tissue. Therefore, the fibrin-rich plasma membrane appears to be a good alternative to replace biological membranes. It is an accessible, low-cost, non-invasive technique and its use in this literature review was effective.&nbsp; As mudanças físicas que ocorrem no alvéolo no período de reabsorção óssea trazem consigo a necessidade de abordagem cirúrgica específica à pacientes que serão submetidos a reabilitação protética através de implantes dentários. Sendo assim, é de extrema importância que o implantodontista esteja apto a realizar procedimentos que vão levar um futuro sucesso do tratamento, tanto estético quanto funcional. Visando efetuar um procedimento de forma íntegra e mantendo a qualidade dos tecidos moles, incorporando na prática cirúrgica, ações preventivas para o periodonto do paciente e arcabouço ósseo. Como escolhas habituais, no &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tratamento, são utilizados enxertos de conjuntivo, gengivais livres e membranas biológicas a fim de recobrir o leito cirúrgico. Desta maneira, a proposta dessa monografia é avaliar a efetividade do PRF (Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas), como uma alternativa de membrana para recobrir e proteger o leito cirúrgico, evitando assim a presença de infecção no local, e mantendo sua estética tecidual, principalmente na região anterior. A maioria dos procedimentos mostraram o restabelecimento da saúde peri-implantar, regeneração óssea presente decorrente da utilização do enxerto ósseo e melhora na qualidade, modulação e aspecto do tecido moles. Desta maneira, a membrana de plasma rico em fibrina parece ser uma boa alternativa para substituir as membranas biológicas. É uma técnica acessível, de baixo custo, não invasiva e foi efetiva sua utilização nessa revisão de literatura

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO): Overview of pilot measurements on ecosystem ecology, meteorology, trace gases, and aerosols

The Amazon Basin plays key roles in the carbon and water cycles, climate change, atmospheric chemistry, and biodiversity. It has already been changed significantly by human activities, and more pervasive change is expected to occur in the coming decades. It is therefore essential to establish long-term measurement sites that provide a baseline record of present-day climatic, biogeochemical, and atmospheric conditions and that will be operated over coming decades to monitor change in the Amazon region, as human perturbations increase in the future. The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) has been set up in a pristine rain forest region in the central Amazon Basin, about 150 km northeast of the city of Manaus. Two 80 m towers have been operated at the site since 2012, and a 325 m tower is nearing completion in mid-2015. An ecological survey including a biodiversity assessment has been conducted in the forest region surrounding the site. Measurements of micrometeorological and atmospheric chemical variables were initiated in 2012, and their range has continued to broaden over the last few years. The meteorological and micrometeorological measurements include temperature and wind profiles, precipitation, water and energy fluxes, turbulence components, soil temperature profiles and soil heat fluxes, radiation fluxes, and visibility. A tree has been instrumented to measure stem profiles of temperature, light intensity, and water content in cryptogamic covers. The trace gas measurements comprise continuous monitoring of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and ozone at five to eight different heights, complemented by a variety of additional species measured during intensive campaigns (e.g., VOC, NO, NO2, and OH reactivity). Aerosol optical, microphysical, and chemical measurements are being made above the canopy as well as in the canopy space. They include aerosol light scattering and absorption, fluorescence, number and volume size distributions, chemical composition, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations, and hygroscopicity. In this paper, we discuss the scientific context of the ATTO observatory and present an overview of results from ecological, meteorological, and chemical pilot studies at the ATTO site. © Author(s) 2015

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Análise dos cardápios escolares servidos aos adolescentes da rede educacional do Vale do Guaribas

The objective of this study was to conduct a quali-quantitative evaluation of the nutritional aspects of the menus offered to adolescents in municipal schools in the Guaribas Valley. This is a descriptive analysis and documentary type carried out in elementary schools, part-time, urban and rural areas of a teaching network, carried out through the rescue and analysis of the menus offered in the period from July 2016 to January of 2017. The menus were examined qualitatively, according to the National Program of School Education. The quantitative analysis was performed according to the Brazilian Food Composition Table. To verify the suitability of the macro and micronutrient nutrients, the age range of 11 to 16 years was chosen. Values lower than those required by law for carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, calcium, vitamin A, fiber, magnesium and zinc were found, whereas vitamin C and iron values were higher than recommended. The meals offered by the schools examined were in disagreement with the current legislation, for macro and micronutrients, their compositions deserve to be re-evaluated.Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo, realizar la evaluación cuali-cuantitativa de los aspectos nutricionales de los menús ofrecidos a adolescentes en escuelas municipales del Valle del Guaribas. Se trata de un análisis descriptivo, del tipo documental ejecutado en escuelas de educación básica, de período parcial, de las áreas urbana y rural de una red de enseñanza, realizado a través del rescate y análisis de los menús ofrecidos en el período de julio de 2016 a enero de 2017. Los menús fueron examinados cualitativamente, según el Programa Nacional de Educación Escolar. El análisis cuantitativo ocurrió según la Tabla Brasileña de Composición de los Alimentos. Para la verificación de la adecuación de la oferta de macro y micronutrientes, se eligió el grupo de edad de 11 a 16 años. Se encontraron valores inferiores a los requeridos por la ley para carbohidratos, lípidos, proteínas, calcio, vitamina A, fibras, magnesio y zinc, mientras que los valores de vitamina C y hierro estaban por encima del preconizado. Las comidas ofrecidas por las escuelas examinadas se encontraron en desacuerdo con la legislación vigente, para macro y micronutrientes, sus composiciones merecen ser reevaluadas.Este trabalho teve como objetivo, realizar a avaliação quali-quantitativa dos aspectos nutricionais dos cardápios oferecidos a adolescentes em escolas municipais do Vale do Guaribas. Trata-se de uma análise descritiva, do tipo documental executada em escolas de educação básica, de período parcial, das áreas urbana e rural de uma rede de ensino, realizado através do resgate e análise dos cardápios oferecidos no período de julho de 2016 a janeiro de 2017. Os cardápios foram examinados qualitativamente, segundo o Programa Nacional de Educação Escolar. A análise quantitativa ocorreu segundo a Tabela Brasileira de Composição dos Alimentos. Para a verificação da adequação da oferta de macro e micronutrientes, foi escolhida a faixa etária de 11 a 16 anos. Foram encontrados valores inferiores aos exigidos pela lei para carboidratos, lipídeos, proteínas, cálcio, vitamina A, fibras, magnésio e zinco, enquanto que os valores de vitamina C e ferro estavam acima do preconizado. As refeições ofertadas pelas escolas examinadas encontraram-se em desacordo com a legislação vigente, para macro e micronutrientes, suas composições merecem ser reavaliadas

Chemical characterization of green grain before and after thermal processing in biofortified cowpea cultivars

ABSTRACT The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is one of the most widely consumed legumes in the North and Northeast of Brazil, representing an important source of protein, energy, fibre and minerals, in addition to generating employment and income. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition, and the effect of thermal processing on the green grain from biofortified cowpea cultivars. Samples of green grain from four cowpea cultivars were analysed, only one not being biofortified (standard). Centesimal composition and total energy value (TEV) were determined before and after thermal processing. The mean values of the characteristics under evaluation were compared by Student's t-test and Tukey's test (. <0.05). Moisture and TEV content in the raw green grain ranged from 58.32 to 60.66% and from 159 to 170 Kcal/100 g (wet basis) respectively. The ash, protein, lipid and carbohydrate (dry basis) content of the raw green grain varied from 1.58 to 1.68%, 11.03 to 13.25%, 1.31 to 2.23%, and 36.11 to 38.13% respectively. After heat treatment, there was an increase in lipid content (1.57 to 2.36%) and a reduction in the levels of ash (0.83 to 1.09%), protein (10.25 to 13.13%) and carbohydrates (25.22 to 28.50%), except for the BRS Tumucumaque cultivar, which had a reduction in lipid content (2.04%) and an increase in protein content (12.94%). It was concluded that the grain from the cowpea cultivars was affected by thermal processing, reducing the levels of ash, protein and carbohydrates, and increasing the lipid content in three of the four cowpea cultivars under study. BRS Tumucumaque was the only cultivar that did not behave in a similar way to the others, with an increase in protein content and a reduction in lipids after heat treatment