Bone Morphogenetic Protein and its Option as an Alveolar Cleft Treatment

Indexación: Scopus; Scielo.Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is an endogenous protein that has shown significant effects in the promotion of bone formation. BMP also has been described in the reconstruction of traumatic and pathological bone defects, including alveolar cleft, alveolar ridge augmentation, maxillary sinus elevation, and applications in post-extraction alveolus graft, and peri-implant surgery among others. Despite the advantages associated with the use of BMP, currently is applied in combination with collagen matrices, which has certain properties such as low mechanical resistance and a high burst initial release that diminish its effectiveness in bone formation. In this context, the development of novel systems with greater mechanical resistance and prolonged release of BMP, that lead to chemotaxis of mesenchymal cells, following by its differentiation to osteoblasts represents a major challenge that holds outstanding clinical potential for the stimulation of bone formation. In this paper, we describe the use of BMP for the reconstruction of alveolar clefts, and its advantages being administrated in polymeric microparticles as sustain release system with promising applications in the stimulation of bone formation.http://ref.scielo.org/ps5w6

Fine mapping of the peach pollen sterility gene (Ps/ps) and detection of markers for marker-assisted selection

In peach, pollen sterility, expressed as absence of pollen in the anthers, segregates as an undesired trait in breeding programs. Pollen fertility screening in progenies is not a common practice mainly because it does not affect fruit set since cross-pollination is frequent. It is also a time-consuming activity that coincides with the busy pollination season. Segregation for this trait could be avoided by using molecular markers to identify appropriate parents or male sterile plants for early culling in progenies expected to segregate, thus increasing breeding efficiency. In peach, pollen sterility is determined by a recessive allele in homozygosis of the major gene, Ps/ps, located on chromosome 6. In this work, using a conventional mapping approach combined with bulked segregant analysis using resequencing data, we fine mapped Ps to a region of almost 160 kb and developed molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding. These markers were validated in plant materials from three peach breeding programs, including progenies, advanced selections, and cultivars, allowing us to determine that the frequency of the ps allele is high (0.23) and also to infer the genotypes of a large collection of cultivars and advanced breeding lines.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Mosquito Magnet ® traps as a potential means of monitoring blackflies of medical and veterinary importance

Mosquito Magnet® traps, deployed in widespread parts of England as part of nationwide mosquito surveillance projects, also caught blackflies. As many as 1242 blackflies were caught in a trapping session lasting 4 days. Principal among the species caught were Simulium equinum, Simulium lineatum and Simulium ornatum s.l. As S. ornatum s.l. is a vector that transmits Onchocerca linealis to cattle and S. equinum is responsible for dermatitis ('sweet itch') in cattle and horses, it is suggested that Mosquito Magnet® traps could be used to monitor and partially control these pests, as well as nuisance anthropophilic blackflies such as Simulium posticatum that can cause simuliidosis in southern England

Fine mapping of the peach pollen sterility gene (Ps/ps) and detection of markers for marker-assisted selection

Altres ajuts: CERCA Programme/Generalitat de CatalunyaIn peach, pollen sterility, expressed as absence of pollen in the anthers, segregates as an undesired trait in breeding programs. Pollen fertility screening in progenies is not a common practice mainly because it does not affect fruit set since cross-pollination is frequent. It is also a time-consuming activity that coincides with the busy pollination season. Segregation for this trait could be avoided by using molecular markers to identify appropriate parents or male sterile plants for early culling in progenies expected to segregate, thus increasing breeding efficiency. In peach, pollen sterility is determined by a recessive allele in homozygosis of the major gene, Ps/ps, located on chromosome 6. In this work, using a conventional mapping approach combined with bulked segregant analysis using resequencing data, we fine mapped Ps to a region of almost 160 kb and developed molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding. These markers were validated in plant materials from three peach breeding programs, including progenies, advanced selections and cultivars, allowing us to determine that the frequency of the ps allele is high (0.23) and also to infer the genotypes of a large collection of cultivars and advanced breeding lines

Synthesis of the Ti-Silicate Form of BEC Polymorph of B-Zeolite Assisted by Molecular Modeling

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://doi.org/10.1021/jp805400u Published Work, see http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/articlesonrequest/index.html[EN] The K(+) free pure silica form of polymorph C (BEC) of beta-zeolite has been synthesized with a cationic organic structure directing agent (SDA) that was predicted best, out of a series of nine potentials, by means of modeling techniques. On the bases of this synthesis method, the Ti-BEC zeolite has been obtained which owing to the pore topology and dimensions shows a higher epoxidation activity than the Ti-beta-polymorph either with H(2)O(2) or organic peroxides as oxidants.The authors thank the CICYT for financial support (Project MAT 2006-14274-CO2-01). G.S. thanks "Centro de Calculo de la Universidad Politecnica de Valencia" for the use of their computational facilities. M.M. and P.S. thank ITQ for a scholarship. We also thank intramural project CRENATUM.Moliner Marin, M.; Serna Merino, PM.; Cantin Sanz, A.; Sastre Navarro, GI.; Díaz Cabañas, MJ.; Corma Canós, A. (2008). Synthesis of the Ti-Silicate Form of BEC Polymorph of B-Zeolite Assisted by Molecular Modeling. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 112(49):19547-19554. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp805400uS19547195541124

New Insight into the Transcarbamylase Family: The Structure of Putrescine Transcarbamylase, a Key Catalyst for Fermentative Utilization of Agmatine

Transcarbamylases reversibly transfer a carbamyl group from carbamylphosphate (CP) to an amine. Although aspartate transcarbamylase and ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) are well characterized, little was known about putrescine transcarbamylase (PTC), the enzyme that generates CP for ATP production in the fermentative catabolism of agmatine. We demonstrate that PTC (from Enterococcus faecalis), in addition to using putrescine, can utilize L-ornithine as a poor substrate. Crystal structures at 2.5 Å and 2.0 Å resolutions of PTC bound to its respective bisubstrate analog inhibitors for putrescine and ornithine use, N-(phosphonoacetyl)-putrescine and δ-N-(phosphonoacetyl)-L-ornithine, shed light on PTC preference for putrescine. Except for a highly prominent C-terminal helix that projects away and embraces an adjacent subunit, PTC closely resembles OTCs, suggesting recent divergence of the two enzymes. Since differences between the respective 230 and SMG loops of PTC and OTC appeared to account for the differential preference of these enzymes for putrescine and ornithine, we engineered the 230-loop of PTC to make it to resemble the SMG loop of OTCs, increasing the activity with ornithine and greatly decreasing the activity with putrescine. We also examined the role of the C-terminal helix that appears a constant and exclusive PTC trait. The enzyme lacking this helix remained active but the PTC trimer stability appeared decreased, since some of the enzyme eluted as monomers from a gel filtration column. In addition, truncated PTC tended to aggregate to hexamers, as shown both chromatographically and by X-ray crystallography. Therefore, the extra C-terminal helix plays a dual role: it stabilizes the PTC trimer and, by shielding helix 1 of an adjacent subunit, it prevents the supratrimeric oligomerizations of obscure significance observed with some OTCs. Guided by the structural data we identify signature traits that permit easy and unambiguous annotation of PTC sequences

Análisis de la densidad de receptores tipo NMDA R1 en el núcleo espinal de trigémino humano

The trigeminal system is in charge of the painful sensibility of most the oral and maxilofaciales territory, in this function take part the NMDA type receptors that are in the spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve. The spinal nucleus of trigéminal is subdivided in three subnucleuses in rostrocaudal orientation, named oral, to interpólate and caudal subnucleus. Classic the caudal subnucleus has considered trigeminal to be the place of relief of the painful information. Objective. The objective of the present study was the distribution NMDA analyzed of the glutamatergic receptors in the spinal nucleus of trigéminal nerve. Method. In this study were in use 10 human encefalic trunk obtained of corpses, which byline post mortem was of 8,7 horas (devesta 2,75), which were submitted to transverse sections, 120 anatomical controls being obtained dyeings by Mulligan’s tint and 120 plates submitted to inmunohistoquímica by antibodies monoclonales anti-NMDA R1 (SigmaR) in dilution 1:500 in 0,3 % of Tritón X-100 to ph 7,3 0,1 M. Results. The result show te glutamatergic receptors NMDA R1 type existence in the spinal nucleus on human trigeminal system, with a slight predominance in the caudal subnucleus, without finding a statistically significant difference, its due to the important presence of these recipients in the oral and to interpólate subnuclei. Conclusions. The results suggest that all the levéis of the spinal nucleus of trigémino would take part in the painful transmission originated in the oral and maxilofaciales territory.El sistema trigeminal es encargado de la sensibilidad dolorosa de la mayor parte de los territorios orales y maxilofaciales, en esta función participan los receptores glutamatérgicos tipo NMDA que se encuentran en el núcleo espinal de trigémino. El núcleo espinal de trigémino se encuentra subdividido en tres subnúcleos en sentido rostrocaudal, denominados subnúcleo oral, interpolar y caudal. Clásicamente el subnúcleo caudal se ha considerado el sitio de relevo de la información dolorosa trigeminal. Objetivos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la distribución del receptor glutamatérgico NMDA en el núcleo espinal de trigémino en humanos. Material y Métodos. En este estudio se utilizaron 10 troncos encefálicos humanos obtenidos de cadáveres con una data postmortem de 8,7 horas en promedio (devesta 2,75), los cuales fueron sometidos a secciones transversales seriadas, obteniéndose 120 controles anatómicos teñidos con tinción de Mulligan y 120 placas sometidas a inmunohistoquímica con anticuerpos monoclonales anti-NMDA R1 (SigmaR) en dilución 1:500 en 0,3% de Triton X-100 a ph 7,3 0,1 M. Resultados. Los resultados comprobaron la existencia de receptores glutamatérgicos tipo NMDA R1 en el núcleo espinal de trigémino humano, con un leve predominio en el subnúcleo caudal, sin encontrar una diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Debido a la importante presencia de estos receptores en los subnúcleos oral e interpolar. Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que todos los niveles del núcleo espinal de trigémino participarían en la transmisión dolorosa originada en los territorios orales y maxilofaciales

Histopathological analysis of unilateral condylar hyperplasia: difficulties in diagnosis and characterization of the disease

The aim of this study was to perform a histological analysis of the conditions in patients undergoing surgery for unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) using different histopathological analytical techniques and to describe the complications and existing controversy in order to better define the disease. A partial condylectomy was performed in five patients who had been diagnosed with UCH using clinical and imaging methods. The samples obtained were analyzed using routine histological techniques including haematoxylin-eosin, Van Gieson, picrosirius, alcian blue/haematoxylin-eosin, and AgNOR staining. The analyses were performed by an observer who was blinded to the clinical parameters of the disease. The cellularity, tissue layers, size of the anatomical structures, and the relationships between them were assessed. The analysis of these patients was complemented by a review of the scientific literature. Variability was observed in the analysis of the cases. The presence of connective tissue was detected at the bone level, with cartilage formation at different levels. Each island presented levels of involvement that could indicate various degrees of aggressiveness. Type I collagen was observed in most cases, although type III was also identified. The development of histological diagnostic methods to determine the aggressiveness or level of involvement in UCH is not currently possible. Further studies are needed to establish new histological classifications.Direccion de Investigacion UFRO DIU-FRO 14-004