(Amino­acetato-κ2 O,N)bis­(quinolin-8-olato-κ2 O,N)cobalt(III) methanol solvate

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Co(C2H4NO2)(C9H6NO)2]·CH3OH, the CoIII atom is chelated by two quinolin-8-olate and one glycinate anions in a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry. The five-membered chelating glycinate ring assumes an envelope conformation. The complex mol­ecules are assembled by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding

Exploring the causal factor effects of hypothyroidism on ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

BackgroundObservational studies have suggested a possible association between hypothyroidism and increased risk of ischemic stroke. However, a causal relationship remains unclear.MethodsData on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke were sourced from the FinnGens database and the UK Biobank of European descent. Both databases underwent separate two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. A subsequent meta-analysis of MR results using a random-effects model was conducted to determine the causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke.ResultsAll five analyses indicated a positive causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke. MR analysis of the association between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke yielded a result of the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method at 4.7411 (1.3598–16.5308), p = 0.0146. The analysis of ischemic stroke (without excluding controls) yielded a result of the IVW method of 4.5713 (1.3570–15.3986), p = 0.0142. MR analysis with cerebral infarction yielded a result of the IVW method at 1.0110 (1.0006–1.0215), p = 0.0373. The MR analysis with cerebrovascular disease sequelae yielded an IVW method result of 2.4556 (1.0291–5.8595), p = 0.0429. Analysis for the sequelae of cerebrovascular disease (without excluding controls) yielded an IVW method result of 2.4217 (1.0217–5.7402), p = 0.0446. No evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found. The meta-analysis of the five MR results was 2.24 (1.18–4.26), p = 0.025.ConclusionOur two-sample Mendelian randomization study suggested a causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke, indicating that hypothyroidism could be a risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, further studies are required to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms

Comprehensive Mapping of Common Immunodominant Epitopes in the West Nile Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 Recognized by Avian Antibody Responses

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that primarily infects birds but occasionally infects humans and horses. Certain species of birds, including crows, house sparrows, geese, blue jays and ravens, are considered highly susceptible hosts to WNV. The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of WNV can elicit protective immune responses, including NS1-reactive antibodies, during infection of animals. The antigenicity of NS1 suggests that NS1-reactive antibodies could provide a basis for serological diagnostic reagents. To further define serological reagents for diagnostic use, the antigenic sites in NS1 that are targeted by host immune responses need to be identified and the potential diagnostic value of individual antigenic sites also needs to be defined. The present study describes comprehensive mapping of common immunodominant linear B-cell epitopes in the WNV NS1 using avian WNV NS1 antisera. We screened antisera from chickens, ducks and geese immunized with purified NS1 for reactivity against 35 partially overlapping peptides covering the entire WNV NS1. This study identified twelve, nine and six peptide epitopes recognized by chicken, duck and goose antibody responses, respectively. Three epitopes (NS1-3, 14 and 24) were recognized by antibodies elicited by immunization in all three avian species tested. We also found that NS1-3 and 24 were WNV-specific epitopes, whereas the NS1-14 epitope was conserved among the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) serocomplex viruses based on the reactivity of avian WNV NS1 antisera against polypeptides derived from the NS1 sequences of viruses of the JEV serocomplex. Further analysis showed that the three common polypeptide epitopes were not recognized by antibodies in Avian Influenza Virus (AIV), Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), Duck Plague Virus (DPV) and Goose Parvovirus (GPV) antisera. The knowledge and reagents generated in this study have potential applications in differential diagnostic approaches and subunit vaccines development for WNV and other viruses of the JEV serocomplex

3-Phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5,6-dihydro-8H-thiopyrano[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

In the title compound, C19H19N3OS2, the thiopyran ring adopts a twist-chair conformation and the pyrimidinone unit is essentially planar, with a mean deviation of 0.0497 Å. The thiophene ring is essentially planar with a maximum deviation of 0.024 (2) Å, while the pyrrolidine ring exhibits an envelope conformation. The pyrimidinone and thiophene rings are almost coplanar, forming a dihedral angle of 6.31 (15)°, while the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the phenyl ring and the pyrimidinone ring is 68.13 (10)°. In the crystal structure, adjacent molecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network in the ac plane

Oxido[N-(2-oxidobenzylidene-κO)leucinato-κ2N,O](1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N′)vanadium(IV)

In the title VIV complex, [VO(C13H15NO3)(C12H8N2)], the oxidovanadium cation is N,N′-chelated by a 1-10-phenanthroline ligand and N,O,O′-chelated by a Schiff base anion in a distorted octahedral geometry. Weak intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds occur in the crystal structure which contains solvent-accessible voids of 81 Å3