Food habits of adolescents: consumption pattern and relationship with BMI

Evaluate food habits of adolescents of the northern Portugal using the three-days food diary. Methods: It is a cross-sectional analytical study. Data were collected using a three-days food diary. It was also collected weight and height, and calculated the BMI. The end sample consisting in 40 adolescents. Statistical analysis was made by the application of correlation test between the percentile for BMI/age, nutrients and food portions, through the application of the Spear-man test and the Pearson test, using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20. Results: It was found a significantly correlation betwe-en the consumption of vegetables and fruit (p-value = 0.001), and also between the consumption of vegetables and monounsaturated fats (p-value = 0.000). No significantly correlation was found between the percentile of BMI and food consumption. Conclusion: It was found a healthy eating pattern of the adolescents by the correlation between the consumption of vegetables with fruits and monounsaturated fats. The availability of this type of food in school is a good justifi-cation for that consumption. This pattern fits in with the traditional diet of Mediterranean countries, which includes Portugal. There is a large advantage in this diet namely the consumption of olive oil, which is associated with large benefits on health.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Eating habits of students from two public primary and secondary schools of the Porto district

O objetivo deste trabalho de investigação é avaliar os hábitos alimentares de alunos de duas escolas públicas do norte de Portugal e, em particular, as diferenças entre os consumos durante a semana e o fim de semana. Para isso, desenvolveu-se um estudo observacional, quantitativo, analítico e transversal. Os dados foram recolhidos com recurso a um diário alimentar de três dias, dois dias da semana e um do fim de semana aplicado a uma amostra por conveniência de 319 alunos. A comparação dos hábitos alimentares entre a semana e o fim de semana recorreu a uma análise estatística com aplicação de testes de localização, nomeadamente, Teste T-Student, Teste de Wilcoxon e Teste do Sinal, utilizando o software estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 20. Constatou-se um consumo significativamente superior de fruta (p-value = 0,002), hortícolas (p-value = 0,000), leguminosas (p-value = 0,000), lacticínios (p-value = 0,000) e gorduras monoinsaturadas (p-value = 0,020) durante a semana, enquanto no fim de semana se observou um consumo significativamente superior de bebidas açucaradas (p-value = 0,000). Verificou-se que o consumo de energia, fibra dietética, cálcio e ferro, assim como de todas as porções de alimentos era significativamente inferior relativamente às recomendações, e o consumo de carne, peixe e ovos era significativamente superior às recomendações, tanto durante a semana como durante o fim de semana. O padrão de alimentação dos alunos era mais saudável durante a semana do que no fim de semana.The objective of this research was to evaluate the eating habits of students from two public schools in the north of Portugal and, in particular, the differences between weekdays and weekend consumption. For this, an observational, quantitative, analytical and cross-sectional study was developed. The data were collected using a food diary of three days, covering two days of the week and one of the weekend that was applied to a convenience sample of 319 students. Comparison of dietary habits between weekdays and weekend was based on a statistical analysis with the application of localization tests, namely, Student's T-Test, Wilcoxon Test and Signal Test, using the statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The results showed a significantly higher consumption of fruit (p-value = 0.002), vegetables (p-value = 0,000), pulses (p-value = 0,000), dairy products (p-value = 0,000) and monounsaturated fats value = 0.020) during the week, while at the weekend a significantly higher consumption of sugary drinks (p-value = 0.000) was observed. It was verified that the consumption of energy, dietary fiber, calcium and iron, as well as all type of food portions was significantly lower than the recommendations, and the consumption of meat, fish and eggs was significantly higher than the recommendations both during the week and during the weekend. The students' eating pattern was healthier during the week than at the weekend.Os autores agradecem à Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) e ao FEDER no âmbito do programa PT2020 pelo apoio financeiro ao CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2013).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved