Assédio moral : implicações no processo formativo do estagiário

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, 2016.O estágio é um período em que o aluno poderá estar em contato com a práxis pedagógica. Essa é a proposta a qual ele se designa, entretanto, ainda é possível encontrar diversas irregularidades. A pesquisa tem como objetivo geral investigar se o estágio cumpre ou não função educativa. Os objetivos específicos propõem-se a investigar o que a lei do estágio nos traz a respeito, sua função educativa, e as relações de trabalho que acontecem nesse período, aprofundando no assédio moral, prática perversa presente no campo laboral do qual o estagiário faz parte. Os resultados obtidos a partir da pesquisa demonstram que o assédio moral também ocorre contra o estagiário e dessa forma requer uma maior atenção a cerca da proposta do estágio e o seu período de vigência.The internship is a period that the student can be in contact with the pedagogical praxis. This is the proposal that he designates to himself, however, it is still possible to find several irregularities. The research has the general objective to investigate if the internship accomplishes its educational role. The specific objectives propose to investigate what the internship law bring us about , its educational function and the working relationships that happen in that period, deepening in the mobbing, perverse practice present in the labor field which the intern is part. The results obtained from the research demonstrate that the mobbing also occurs against the intern and thus requires greater attention about the internship proposal and its duration

CAUSAS E CONSEQUÊNCIAS DA SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM: REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

The objective of the study was to identify the causes and consequences of Burnout Syndrome in nursing professionals. This is an integrative review of literature with search in databases: (LILACS) Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, (SCIELO) Scientific Electronic Library Online, Google academic, (MEDLINE) Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, (BIRENE) Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information, 9 articles were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Burnout Syndrome has its definition as chronic stress, causing nursing professionals in the field of work numerous emotional factors. Its consequences are physical and psychic predisposition, altering the quality of life of the professional of the nursing team. In the treatment of Burnout Syndrome it is necessary that they are approached as collective and organizational problems, and appropriate measures are applied for an effective assistance.O objetivo do estudo foi identificar as causas e as consequências da Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais de enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura com busca nas bases de dados: (LILACS) Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, (SCIELO) Scientific Eletronic Library Online ,Google acadêmico, (MEDLINE) Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online,(BIRENE) Centro Latino Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde foram selecionados 9 artigos de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A Síndrome de Burnout tem sua definição como estresse crônico, causando aos profissionais de enfermagem no âmbito de trabalho inúmeros fatores emocionais. Suas consequências são predisposição física e psíquica, alterando a qualidade de vida do profissional da equipe de enfermagem. No tratamento da Síndrome de Burnout, é necessário que sejam abordados como problemas coletivos e organizacionais sendo aplicados medidas cabíveis para uma assistência eficaz

CONTENT VALIDATION AND APPLICABILITY OF A NURSING CARE PROTOCOL FOR BURN VICTIMS

Objective: To build and validate a nursing care protocol to adult patients who suffered burns in a public hospital in the North region of Brazil and evaluate its applicability. Method: Methodological study that followed the steps: construction of the instrument; content validation using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) assessment tool; and applicability analysis with a semi-structured questionnaire with the nursing team and by agreement and Kappa test. Results: In the situational diagnosis stage, the protocol was elaborated based on the literature review and validated by the specialists through the AGREE II instrument with a general content validity index value of 0.93 and through the analysis of applicability with Kappa test analysis, obtaining a value of 0.81, with almost perfect agreement. Conclusion: The protocol was structured with quality to guide the nursing team in assisting burned patients. Therefore, its use is indicated

Uso da TRI para análise de um simulado / Use of TRI for analysis of a simulate

O presente artigo exibe a análise de um simulado da Prova Brasil aplicado nas turmas de 5º ano como uma das ações do projeto Observatório da Educação com Iniciação à Ciência (OBEDUC), vinculado ao Campus da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), localizado em Barra do Bugres – MT. O projeto OBEDUC desenvolvia ações nas escolas parceiras que visavam promover o avanço na qualidade do ensino e reflexos nas melhorias da nota do IDEB dessas escolas. Os simulados eram realizados nos 5º e 9º anos com o objetivo de fazer um diagnóstico dos conhecimentos matemáticos desses discentes e orientar outras ações como a confecção de materiais auxiliares e demais abordagens pedagógicas. A questão norteadora do grupo de trabalho foi como fazer uma devolutiva para as escolas parceiras que não se pautasse apenas na estratificação de quantidades de acertos e erros ao simulado, e desta “curiosidade” surgiu os estudos que possibilitaram fazer a transição da Teoria Clássica do Teste (TCT) para a Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI). Nosso objetivo foi Escolher pela Teoria de Resposta ao Item um modelo matemático logístico que melhor se ajuste aos dados empíricos de nosso simulado e para isso, fizemos uso do pacote estatístico latente train model (ltm) do software R Statistc, que aborda a metodologia psicométrica empregada na Teoria de Resposta ao Item para geração de seus modelos. Como resultado de nosso trabalho foram evidenciadas questões que contrariam o modelo logístico acumulativo pressuposto no simulado, tendo nestas questões pouca ou nenhuma consistência interna em seus padrões de respostas ao compararmos o teste como um todo, indicando haver questões que deveriam ser retiradas das análises ao passo que avançamos o processo de calibração dos dados pelos modelos de 1,2 e 3 parâmetros. As questões oriundas de melhores contribuições para a confecção de um modelo logístico mais confiável tiveram seus ajustes realizados por funções estatísticas do próprio pacote ltm e seus resultados indicaram o Modelo Logístico de 3 parâmetros () sendo o mais ajustado aos dados empíricos obtidos em nosso simulado. 

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030