Synthesis and study of the stability of amidinium/guanidinium carbamates of amines and α-amino acids

Thermally stable amidinium/guanidinium N,N-dialkylcarbamates, including vacuum stable compounds, have been prepared, and then isolated in the solid state, by reaction of tetramethylguanidine (TMG) or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) with secondary amines under atmospheric pressure of CO2. The same method has been successfully applied to a-amino acids, thus the corresponding carbamates of sarcosine, L-proline and L-phenylalanine have been obtained. All the products are highly moisture sensitive, and have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic (IR, multinuclear NMR) techniques

The choice of μ-vinyliminium ligand substituents is key to optimize the antiproliferative activity of related diiron complexes

Diiron vinyliminium complexes constitute a large family of organometallics displaying a promising anticancer potential. The complexes [Fe2Cp2(CO)(mu-CO){mu-eta(1):eta(3)-C(R-3)C(R-4)CN(R-1)(R-2)}]CF3SO3 (2a-c, 4a-d) were synthesized, assessed for their behavior in aqueous solutions (D2O solubility, Log P-ow, stability in D2O/Me2SO-d(6) mixture at 37 degrees C over 48 h) and investigated for their antiproliferative activity against A2780 and A2780cisR ovarian cancer cell lines and the nontumoral one Balb/3T3 clone A31. Cytotoxicity data collected for 50 vinyliminium complexes were correlated with the structural properties (i.e. the different R-1-R-4 substituents) using the partial least squares methodology. A clear positive correlation emerged between the octanol-water partition coefficient and the relative antiproliferative activity on ovarian cancer cell lines, both of which appear as uncorrelated to the cancer cell selectivity. However, the different effects played by the R-1-R-4 substituents allow tracing guidelines for the development of novel, more effective compounds. Based on these results, three additional complexes (4p-r) were designed, synthesized and biologically investigated, revealing their ability to hamper thioredoxin reductase enzyme and to induce cancer cell production of reactive oxygen species

Compartmental tongue surgery for intermediate-advanced squamous cell carcinoma: A multicentric study

Background: A multicentric study was conducted on technical reproducibility of compartmental tongue surgery (CTS) in advanced tongue cancers (OTSCC) and comparison to standard wide margin surgery (SWMS). Methods: We studied 551 patients with OTSCC treated by CTS and 50 by SWMS. Oncological outcomes were analyzed. A propensity score was performed to compare survival endpoints for the two cohorts. Results: In the CTS group, survival and prognosis were significantly associated with positive lymph-nodes, extranodal extension, depth of invasion and involvement of the soft tissue connecting the tongue primary tumor to neck lymph nodes (T-N tract), independently from the center performing the surgery. SWMS versus CTS showed a HR Cause-Specific Survival (CSS) of 3.24 (95% CI: 1.71-6.11; p < 0.001); HR Loco-Regional Recurrence Free Survival (LRRFS) of 2.54 (95% CI: 1.47-4.40; p < 0.001); HR Overall Survival (OS) of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.01-0.77; p = 0.03). Conclusion: Performing the CTS could provide better CSS and LRRFS than SWMS regardless of the center performing the surgery, in advanced OTSSC

A survey of clinical features of allergic rhinitis in adults

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) has high prevalence and substantial socio-economic burden. Material/Methods: The study included 35 Italian Centers recruiting an overall number of 3383 adult patients with rhinitis (48% males, 52% females, mean age 29.1, range 18\u201345 years). For each patient, the attending physician had to fill in a standardized questionnaire, covering, in particular, some issues such as the ARIA classification of allergic rhinitis (AR), the results of skin prick test (SPT), the kind of treatment, the response to treatment, and the satisfaction with treatment. Results: Out of the 3383 patients with rhinitis, 2788 (82.4%) had AR: 311 (11.5%) had a mild intermittent, 229 (8.8%) a mild persistent, 636 (23.5%) a moderate-severe intermittent, and 1518 (56.1%) a moderate-severe persistent form. The most frequently used drugs were oral antihistamines (77.1%) and topical corticosteroids (60.8%). The response to treatment was judged as excellent in 12.2%, good in 41.3%, fair in 31.2%, poor in 14.5%, and very bad in 0.8% of subjects. The rate of treatment dissatisfaction was significantly higher in patients with moderate-to-severe AR than in patients with mild AR (p<0.0001). Indication to allergen immunotherapy (AIT) was significantly more frequent (p<0.01) in patients with severe AR than with mild AR. . Conclusions: These fndings confirm the appropriateness of ARIA guidelines in classifying the AR patients and the association of severe symptoms with unsuccessful drug treatment. The optimal targeting of patients to be treated with AIT needs to be reassessed

La gestione della destinazione turistica: la Destination Management Company e l'efficienza del sistema informativo

L’obiettivo dell’elaborato è quello di descrivere in primis le peculiarità della destinazione turistica, analizzandola dal punto di vista competitivo, di potenziale di sviluppo e strategico; in secondo luogo presentare i possibili soggetti organizzatori responsabili della valorizzazione territoriale e della gestione dei flussi di incoming, focalizzandomi in particolare sulle peculiarità del DMO e delle Destination Management Company. In seguito sono state analizzate le dinamiche dei sistemi informativi di una DMC attraverso la descrizione del funzionamento della filiera delle informazioni che si concretizza nell’erogazione di una proposta taylor-made al cliente finale. La tesi terminerà con una proposta di riqualificazione del sistema informativo del DMC il cui fondamento sarà un’indagine su un campione significativo di aziende a cui sottoporrò un breve ma conciso questionario. Il fine ultimo della tesi sarà quello di dimostrare l’efficacia e l’efficienza di un sistema informativo integrato

Comparison of Different Staging Systems Applied to a Cohort of Patients With Oral Tongue and Floor of the Mouth Cancer

: Purpose: The present work compares the effects produced by the application of the 7th edition of the tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging system (TNM7), 8th Edition (TNM8) with its two subsequent revisions, and pN-N+ classification on a cohort of patients with oral tongue and floor of the mouth cancer. Methods: A monocentric cohort of 148 patients was retrospectively analyzed. Patients were staged according to the TNM7, TNM8 and revisions, and pN-N+ classification. Stage migration was assessed and overall survival (OS) analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. The pT, pN, and stage stratification was evaluated with univariate and multivariate Cox regression and comparing adjacent categories with the log-rank method. Results: pT3-T4a categories showed significant differences in comparison to pT1-T2 for each staging metric employed in both uni- and multivariate analysis. When comparing adjacent pT categories, OS was significantly different only between pT2 and pT3 categories of the TNM8. Disproportionate patient distribution among pN categories was observed in the TNM8, and stratification was scarce. Conversely, in the pN-N+ classification the difference between pN2 and pN3a categories was significant. Only stage IVa reached statistical significance in TNM7, whereas stage III and above were significant in TNM8 and revisions in both uni- and multivariate analysis. However, no significant difference was noted comparing adjacent stages. Conclusion: The TNM8 pT classification differentiated low- from high-risk diseases. Nonetheless, it failed to separate pT1 from pT2 and pT3 from pT4a categories. Conversely, although TNM8 nodal staging was inaccurate, the number of metastatic lymph nodes was more valuable

Allungare la vita media del debito pubblico per ridurre le emissioni annue

L\u2019elevato livello del debito pubblico italiano costituisce il principale elemento di vulnerabilit\ue0 per l\u2019economia nazionale. Il perseguimento di un obiettivo di diminuzione del rapporto debito/PIL, realizzabile attraverso un miglioramento del saldo di bilancio e misure di sostegno alla crescita potenziale, costituisce una condizione necessaria per dissipare, o quantomeno mitigare, l\u2019incertezza degli investitoti esteri e domestici circa la sua sostenibilit\ue0. Al contempo, sulla falsariga di quanto stanno facendo altri paesi UEM, una strategia di allungamento della vita media residua dello stock di bond governativi potrebbe contribuire ad attenuare il rischio connesso al rifinanziamento dei titoli in scadenza e al finanziamento dei nuovi fabbisogni. Sbilanciando le emissioni di titoli sul segmento a medio-lungo termine, si potrebbe ridurre le emissioni lorde annue e aumentare la prevedibilit\ue0 della spesa per interessi, rendendo inoltre pi\uf9 certa la liquidit\ue0 sul mercato dei titoli di Stato. L\u2019obiettivo di questo lavoro \ue8 quantificare il costo di due possibili strategie di allungamento del debito pubblico italiano rispetto ad uno scenario di base in cui le emissioni e la vita media dello stock di titoli vengono mantenute pressoch\ue9 invariate