Russia’s Fight for the Globe

The foreign policy of Russia in the near abroad is the continuation of its domestic policy, which includes the consolidation of the population around a leader by means of creating an image of an enemy, especially at times when the economic situation in the country is deteriorating. When interpreting the inner processes in the country, political scientists usually apply the decomposition of the totalitarian Soviet regime as a framework. This paper suggests a broader framework through an analysis of historical structures anchored in Russian civilization. The key to understanding Russia\u27s foreign policy, I argue, is rooted in the imperial syndrome associated with the country’s history, whether one considers the tsarist, Soviet, or post-Soviet periods. At present, Russia’s desire to restore its status as a world power, as in the past, requires it to develop a foreign policy secured by control of its nearest neighbors. For centuries, it purchased their loyalty and fealty with natural resources. When this routine was disrupted, for example with a drop in the market prices of raw materials, another practice developed where, in order to maintain its hegemony, Russia used aggression against its nearest neighbors. This approach is sustained by endorsement from the general public that seems oblivious to conditions of unparalleled income inequality in Russia. For them there is nostalgia for the restoration of a super power status for the country. The chief outcome of the study is Russian policies of self-isolation and hybrid wars against its nearest neighbors, which is a contemporary means used to prolong the life of an imagined empire

Vers une approche flot de données pour supporter la composition d'interfaces homme-machine

National audienceLes approches "orientées services" permettent la création d'applications complexes par réutilisation et assemblage de services existant. Au niveau des interfaces hommes- machines, cette réutilisation n'est que peu supportée, obligeant les concepteurs d'interfaces à redéfinir complètement les interfaces des assemblages, sans pouvoir réutiliser les interfaces associées aux services élémentaires. Nous proposons dans cet article l'utilisation d'un méta- modèle de flot de données dédié à la composition, permettant une telle réutilisation

Atmospheric Abundances, Trends and Emissions of CFC-216ba, CFC-216ca and HCFC-225ca

The first observations of the feedstocks, CFC-216ba (1,2-dichlorohexafluoropropane) and CFC-216ca (1,3-dichlorohexafluoropropane), as well as the CFC substitute HCFC-225ca (3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane), are reported in air samples collected between 1978 and 2012 at Cape Grim, Tasmania. Present day (2012) mixing ratios are 37.8 ± 0.08 ppq (parts per quadrillion; 1015) and 20.2 ± 0.3 ppq for CFC-216ba and CFC-216ca, respectively. The abundance of CFC-216ba has been approximately constant for the past 20 years, whilst that of CFC-216ca is increasing, at a current rate of 0.2 ppq/year. Upper tropospheric air samples collected in 2013 suggest a further continuation of this trend. Inferred annual emissions peaked 421 at 0.18 Gg/year (CFC-216ba) and 0.05 Gg/year (CFC-216ca) in the mid-1980s and then decreased sharply as expected from the Montreal Protocol phase-out schedule for CFCs. The atmospheric trend of CFC-216ca and CFC-216ba translates into continuing emissions of around 0.01 Gg/year in 2011, indicating that significant banks still exist or that they are still being used. HCFC-225ca was not detected in air samples collected before 1992. The highest mixing ratio of 52 ± 1 ppq was observed in 2001. Increasing annual emissions were found in the 1990s (i.e., when HCFC-225ca was being introduced as a replacement for CFCs). Emissions peaked around 1999 at about 1.51 Gg/year. In accordance with the Montreal Protocol, restrictions on HCFC consumption and the short lifetime of HCFC-225ca, mixing ratios declined after 2001 to 23.3 ± 0.7 ppq by 2012

Participatory research with older adults with AMD:co-designing a SMART diet diary app

The global population of people aged 60 years and older is growing rapidly. In the UK, there are currently around 10 million people aged 65 and over, and the number is projected to rise by 50% in the next 20 years (RNIB, 2013). While ongoing advances in information technology (IT) are undoubtedly increasing the scope for IT to enhance and support older adults' daily living, the digital divide between older and younger adults - 43% of people below the age of 55 own and use a smartphone, compared to only 3% of people aged 65 and over (AgeUK, 2013) - raises concerns about the suitability of technological solutions for older adults, especially for older adults with impairments. Evidence suggests that sympathetic design of mobile technology does render it useful and acceptable to older adults: the key issue is, however, how best to achieve such sympathetic design when working with impaired older adults. We report here on a case study in order to outline the practicalities and highlight the benefits of participatory research for the design of sympathetic technology for (and importantly with) older adults with impairments

Advantages and disadvantages of different methods for diagnosis of visceral obesity

This analytical review is devoted to the study of visceral obesity as a risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. The presented review discusses the evolution of methods for diagnosis of visceral obesity, their advantages and limitation for various ectopic fat depots

La enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia Económica fuera del ámbito de la Economía y la Empresa: una apuesta por la interdisciplinariedad

Memoria ID-0065. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018

¿Para qué sirven los TFGs? Propuesta para impulsar la motivación y el aprendizaje de alumnos y profesores en la Facultad de Economía y Empresa

Memoria ID-043 Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021

ВЛИЯНИЕ МОМЕНТА РАСТОРМАЖИВАНИЯ НА ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ И ИЗНОС ФРИКЦИОННЫХ НАКЛАДОК В АСИНХРОННОМ ДВИГАТЕЛЕ

Time and the stopping distance of the electric drive with frequent starting-and-braking modes that contain embedded asynchronous motor with a recessed combined braking device depend on the moment of an electromagnet disinhibition. At the same time other important criteria are taken into the account, i.e. wear resistance of the brake device and the smoothness of the deceleration of the electric drive. In general such an asynchronous motor contains asynchronous engine with squirrel-cage rotor, electromechanical normally-closed brake, electromagnetical slip clutch and control circuit. The mechanical characteristics of the deceleration of asynchronous motor with recessed combined brake device at different moments of an electromagnet disinhibition are presented. The mathematical model is featured and the transients in such a motor are presented. Formation models for computer research were carried out in the Fortran 2008 programming language. Calculation of the system of differential equations was fulfilled by the Runge – Kutta method. The deceleration of the electromechanical brake at various speeds caused different time values and stopping distances. The plots of stopping distance and the braking time at various moments of an electromagnet disinhibition are demonstrated. The optimum moment of switching on an electromechanical brake, providing small stopping distance and the braking time is the time when the speed wвкл = 0,6–0,8 of the nominal. In this case the acceptable number of brake applications for friction linings (compared with mechanical braking) will increase by 1.6–2.8 times. The pilot study confirmed the validity of the obtained mathematical models and discovered patterns.Время и путь торможения электропривода с частыми пускотормозными режимами, содержащего асинхронный двигатель с встраиваемым комбинированным тормозным устройством, зависят от того, в какой момент времени происходит растормаживание электромагнита. При этом учитываются другие немаловажные критерии: износостойкость тормозного устройства и плавность торможения электропривода. В общем случае такой асинхронный двигатель содержит асинхронный двигатель с короткозамкнутым ротором, электромеханический нормально-замкнутый тормоз, электромагнитную муфту скольжения и схему управления. Представлены механические характеристики торможения асинхронного двигателя с встраиваемым комбинированным тормозным устройством при различных моментах растормаживания электромагнита. Приведена математическая модель и представлены переходные процессы в таком двигателе. Формирование моделей для исследования на ЭВМ осуществляли на языке программирования Fortran 2008. Расчет системы дифференциальных уравнений производили методом Рунге – Кутта. Растормаживание электромеханического тормоза при различной скорости привело к разным значениям времени и путей торможения. Показаны графики зависимости пути и времени торможения при различных моментах растормаживания электромагнита. Оптимальным моментом включения электромеханического тормоза, обеспечивающим малые путь и время торможения, является момент при скорости wвкл = 0,6–0,8 от номинальной. При этом допустимое число торможений для фрикционной накладки (по сравнению с механическим торможением) увеличится в 1,6–2,8 раза. Экспериментальные исследования подтвердили правильность полученных математических моделей и выявленных закономерностей