Serum Ammonia and Folate Levels: Opportunities for High Value Care

High value care encompasses a variety of principles including ordering tests with high diagnostic yield, while reducing low value practice

Lesson study as a pedagogical practice in higher education from an inclusive perspective: strategies and resources indicated by professors

Lesson Study as a strategy for inclusive pedagogical practices has been used in some countries as a form of collaborative work, involving both teachers and students; and fosters discussions during the implementation of teaching practices. This article aims to present an excerpt of the results of an investigation using Lesson Study conducted in Brazil, simultaneously with the University of Worcester. The analysis indicated the resources and strategies suggested by the professors during the realization of a cycle of the Lesson Study approach. The study concluded that the opportunity to research in a university context increased the understanding of inclusive education among the involved agents

Clinical Trials in Head Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major public health problem globally. In the United States the incidence of closed head injuries admitted to hospitals is conservatively estimated to be 200 per 100,000 population, and the incidence of penetrating head injury is estimated to be 12 per 100,000, the highest of any developed country in the world. This yields an approximate number of 500,000 new cases each year, a sizeable proportion of which demonstrate signficant long-term disabilities. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of proven therapies for this disease. For a variety of reasons, clinical trials for this condition have been difficult to design and perform. Despite promising pre-clinical data, most of the trials that have been performed in recent years have failed to demonstrate any significant improvement in outcomes. The reasons for these failures have not always been apparent and any insights gained were not always shared. It was therefore feared that we were running the risk of repeating our mistakes. Recognizing the importance of TBI, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) sponsored a workshop that brought together experts from clinical, research, and pharmaceutical backgrounds. This workshop proved to be very informative and yielded many insights into previous and future TBI trials. This paper is an attempt to summarize the key points made at the workshop. It is hoped that these lessons will enhance the planning and design of future efforts in this important field of research.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63185/1/089771502753754037.pd

Targeting breast cancer stem cells

The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis postulates that tumors are maintained by a self‐renewing CSC population that is also capable of differentiating into non‐self‐renewing cell populations that constitute the bulk of the tumor. Although, the CSC hypothesis does not directly address the cell of origin of cancer, it is postulated that tissue‐resident stem or progenitor cells are the most common targets of transformation. Clinically, CSCs are predicted to mediate tumor recurrence after chemo‐ and radiation‐therapy due to the relative inability of these modalities to effectively target CSCs. If this is the case, then CSC must be efficiently targeted to achieve a true cure. Similarities between normal and malignant stem cells, at the levels of cell‐surface proteins, molecular pathways, cell cycle quiescence, and microRNA signaling present challenges in developing CSC‐specific therapeutics. Approaches to targeting CSCs include the development of agents targeting known stem cell regulatory pathways as well as unbiased high‐throughput siRNA or small molecule screening. Based on studies of pathways present in normal stem cells, recent work has identified potential “Achilles heals” of CSC, whereas unbiased screening provides opportunities to identify new pathways utilized by CSC as well as develop potential therapeutic agents. Here, we review both approaches and their potential to effectively target breast CSC.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135704/1/mol2201045404.pd

O Design Universal Para Apprendizagem e a Pedagogia das Estacoes: As Multiplas Temporalidades / Espacialidades do Aprender nas Escolas.

This article explores school inclusion processes, with a view to problematizing the learning hegemonies of time and space in educational institutions. It presents partial results of the research project; 'A Escola Para Todos' (The School for All) and responds to the question: How can Universal Design for Learning (UDL), which is somewhat similar to the 'pedagogy of the seasons,' qualify inclusive experiences in schools? By providing an integrative review of the salient features of UDL and pedagogy of the seasons, the paper questions the hegemony of time-space teaching and learning in schools by drawing on narrative theory. Methodologically, this part of the research provides an integrated reflection on critical conceptual attributes incorporating; UDL, the temporalities and spatialities of learning, and concepts of inclusive education. The results of this stage of the research show that it is necessary to overcome the hegemony of time and linear space in learning and teaching processes in order to arrive at school inclusion. Despite similarities between UDL and 'pedagogy of the seasons' tensions remain between these approaches. Not least as reflected in the overcoming of paradoxes such as the necessity to address universal requirements while also tending to particular learner requirements, or equally, while recognizing the variability of strategies without losing sight of more global pedagogical approaches. This challenge is accentuated when the UDL concept of 'expert learners' is further interrogated

Becoming other(ed): A study of minority ethnic identities in two non-urban primary schools

This thesis is primarily concerned with immigrant pupils and their identity formation in primary schools. In particular, the research advances understanding about the experiences of pupils in non-urban settings and their educational experiences. It charts how narrative pathways of identities are unpredictable and charged with affectivities, emotions and power flows. The nuanced interrelationships are revealed between: wider policy contexts, school level processes, and the identity categories around which educational inclusions, exclusions and inequalities orbit. The research paradigm drew on a Deleuzian philosophical approach and also took into consideration learning from Critical Race Theory (CRT). The former provided a conceptual framework which facilitated a discussion of bounded potentialities which were open to reinterpretation and future creativities – things do not have to be as they are. While the latter perspective helped to explain the ways in which inequalities were replicated in the researched settings. The findings indicate that, for the pupils concerned, policy formations and their interpretations within schools have profound implications for pupils’ experiences by assigning pupils to particular spaces within classrooms. In turn, these spaces begin to assume meanings that impact on the formation of personal and educational identities. To some extent, spaces are charged with racial and ethnic significance. Overall, the school arena is one which responds to a wider drive towards standardisation and, as such, it was challenging for the schools involved to incorporate individual cultural and linguistic differences, though this varied according to setting. The findings have relevance for teacher education and for how the professional and cultural identities of teachers also influence the wider possibilities for cultural and linguistic inclusion and creativity within schools

RectifHyd

RectifHyd provides estimated monthly hydroelectric power generation for approximately 1,500 power plants in conterminous United States for the period 2001 through 2022. Monthly generation estimates are created by disaggregating each plant's annual generation with the aid of reservoir operations and downstream streamflow data. RectifHyd provides an alternative to EIA-923 imputed monthly generation for U.S. hydropower plants. Version 1.2.0 adds estimates for 2021 and 2022. Since the reservoir release dataset used to inform RectifHyd disaggregation is not updated beyond 2020, years 2021 and 2022 are disaggregated solely using downstream flow data, where available. Refer to Turner et al. (2022) for full method details (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-022-01748-x)

RectifHyd

<p>RectifHyd provides estimated monthly hydroelectric power generation for approximately 1,500 power plants in conterminous United States for the period 2001 through 2022. Monthly generation estimates are created by disaggregating each plant's annual generation with the aid of reservoir operations and downstream streamflow data. RectifHyd provides an alternative to EIA-923 imputed monthly generation for U.S. hydropower plants.</p><p>Version 1.2 adds estimates for 2021 and 2022. Since the reservoir release dataset used to inform RectifHyd disaggregation is not updated beyond 2020, years 2021 and 2022 are disaggregated solely using downstream flow data, where available. Refer to Turner et al. (2022) for full method details (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-022-01748-x).</p><p>Version 1.2.1 places header material into a separate readme to improve file readability.</p&gt

Data from: Identifying spawning sites and other critical habitat in lotic systems using eDNA “snapshots”: a case study using the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus L.

Many aquatic species of conservation concern exist at low densities and are inherently difficult to detect or monitor using conventional methods. However, the introduction of environmental (e)DNA has recently transformed our ability to detect these species and enables effective deployment of limited conservation resources. Identifying areas for breeding, as well as the ecological distribution of a species are vital to the survival or recovery of a conservation species (i.e. critical habitat). In many species, spawning events are associated with a higher relative abundance of DNA released within an aquatic system (i.e. gametes, skin cells etc.), making this the ideal time to monitor these species using eDNA techniques. This study aims to examine whether a ‘snapshot’ eDNA sampling approach (i.e. samples taken at fixed points in chronological time) could reveal areas of critical habitat including spawning sites for our target species Petromyzon marinus. We utilised a species-specific qPCR assay to monitor spatial and temporal patterns in eDNA concentration within two river catchments in Ireland over three consecutive years. We found that eDNA concentration increased at the onset of observed spawning activity and patterns of concentration increased from downstream to upstream over time, suggesting dispersal into the higher reaches as the spawning season progressed. We found P. marinus to be present upstream of several potential barriers to migration, sometimes in significant numbers. Out results also show that the addition of lamprey-specific fish-pass at an ‘impassable’ weir, although assisting in ascent, did not have any significant impact on eDNA concentration upstream after pass had been installed. eDNA concentration was also found to be significantly correlated with both the number of fish and the number of nests encountered. The application of snapshot sampling techniques for species monitoring therefore has substantial potential for the management of low-density species in fast-moving aquatic systems

Mulkear eDNA (pg L)

Environmental DNA 'snapshot' concentrations (and sample site locations) for Petromyzon Marinus in the Mulkear catchment ( ireland). Shown as pg/L