Estrategias comunicacionales para reducir riesgo en salud: el caso de la alerta sanitaria por marea roja en la región de Los Lagos

Comunicación oral presentada en el 3er Congreso Internacional de Comunicación en Salud (3ICHC), celebrado los días 19 y 20 de octubre de 2017 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.El objetivo es presentar la propuesta comunicacional preventiva desarrollada durante el evento de marea roja ocurrido en la región de Los Lagos, Chile y que derivó en una exitosa estrategia que logró minimizar las intoxicaciones por marea roja en la comunidad

Administrando la Comunicación de Riesgos en una Emergencia Sanitaria, “El caso de la erupción del Volcán Calbuco”, Chile 2015 = Managing the Risk Communication in a Health Emergency, "The case of the eruption of the Calbuco Volcano", Chile 2015

El siguiente trabajo presenta la estrategia comunicacional desarrollada por la institución Seremi de Salud, durante la emergencia sanitaria por la erupción del Volcán Calbuco (Región de Los Lagos, Chile) en abrildel 2015, para disminuir los riesgos en la salud de las personas y comunidades expuestas a la erupción.Se da cuenta de una estrategia preventiva e informativa a través de diversos materiales, incluyendo las redes sociales, además de la transparencia institucional en términos de información a la comunidad sobre calidad del aire, agua y ceniza. El análisis de las redes sociales institucionales (twitter) indica que los ejes discursivos sanitarios fueron adecuadamente apropiados y difundidos por la comunidad.Palabras clave: Salud pública; Comunicación de riesgos; Redes sociales en salud; Vigilancia ambiental; Vigilancia epidemiológica.AbstractThe following work presents the communicational strategy developed by the Health Seremi institution, during the health emergency due to the eruption of the Calbuco Volcano (Los Lagos Region, Chile) in April 2015, to diminish the risks of health for people and communities exposed to the eruption. A preventive and informative strategy was reported through various resources, including website social networks, as well as institutional transparency in terms of information towards the community regarding air quality, water and ash presence. The analysis of institutional social networks (twitter) indicates that the sanitary discursive cores were properly fitting and spread in this social network.Keywords: Public health; Risk communication; Health social network; Environmental monitoring; Epidemiological surveillance

Chronic pain associated with the Chikungunya Fever: long lasting burden of an acute illness

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is responsible for major epidemics worldwide. Autochthonous cases were recently reported in several European countries. Acute infection is thought to be monophasic. However reports on chronic pain related to CHIKV infection have been made. In particular, the fact that many of these patients do not respond well to usual analgesics suggests that the nature of chronic pain may be not only nociceptive but also neuropathic. Neuropathic pain syndromes require specific treatment and the identification of neuropathic characteristics (NC) in a pain syndrome is a major step towards pain control.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We carried out a cross-sectional study at the end of the major two-wave outbreak lasting 17 months in Réunion Island. We assessed pain in 106 patients seeking general practitioners with confirmed infection with the CHIK virus, and evaluated its impact on quality of life (QoL).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean intensity of pain on the visual-analogical scale (VAS) was 5.8 ± 2.1, and its mean duration was 89 ± 2 days. Fifty-six patients fulfilled the definition of chronic pain. Pain had NC in 18.9% according to the DN4 questionnaire. Conversely, about two thirds (65%) of patients with NC had chronic pain. The average pain intensity was similar between patients with or without NC (6.0 ± 1.7 vs 6.1 ± 2.0). However, the total score of the Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ)(15.5 ± 5.2 vs 11.6 ± 5.2; p < 0.01) and both the affective (18.8 ± 6.2 vs 13.4 ± 6.7; p < 0.01) and sensory subscores (34.3 ± 10.7 vs 25.0 ± 9.9; p < 0.01) were significantly higher in patients with NC. The mean pain interference in life activities calculated from the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) was significantly higher in patients with chronic pain than in patients without it (6.8 ± 1.9 vs 5.9 ± 1.9, p < 0.05). This score was also significantly higher in patients with NC than in those without such a feature (7.2 ± 1.5 vs 6.1 ± 1.9, p < 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>There exists a specific chronic pain condition associated to CHIKV. Pain with NC seems to be associated with more aggressive clinical picture, more intense impact in QoL and more challenging pharmacological treatment.</p

Chikungunya Virus Infection

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by mosquitoes, mostly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. After half a century of focal outbreaks of acute febrile polyarthralgia in Africa and Asia, the disease unexpectedly spread in the past decade with large outbreaks in Africa and around the Indian Ocean and rare autochthonous transmission in temperate areas. This emergence brought new insights on its pathogenesis, notably the role of the A226V mutation that improved CHIKV fitness in Ae. albopictus and the possible CHIKV persistence in deep tissue sanctuaries for months after infection. Massive outbreaks also revealed new aspects of the acute stage: the high number of symptomatic cases, unexpected complications, mother-to-child transmission, and low lethality in debilitated patients. The follow-up of patients in epidemic areas has identified frequent, long-lasting, rheumatic disorders, including rare inflammatory joint destruction, and common chronic mood changes associated with quality-of-life impairment. Thus, the globalization of CHIKV exposes countries with Aedes mosquitoes both to brutal outbreaks of acute incapacitating episodes and endemic long-lasting disorders

Clinical Forms of Chikungunya in Gabon, 2010

Chikungunya fever (CHIK) is a disease caused by a virus transmitted to humans by infected mosquitos. The virus is responsible for multiple outbreaks in tropical and temperate areas worldwide, and is now a global concern. Clinical and biological features of the disease are poorly described, especially in Africa, where the disease is neglected because it is considered benign. During a recent CHIK outbreak that occurred in southeast Gabon, we prospectively studied clinical and biological features of 270 virologically confirmed cases. Fever and arthralgias were the predominant symptoms. Furthermore, variable and distinct clinical pictures including pure febrile, pure arthralgic and unusual forms (neither fever nor arthralgias) were detected. No severe forms or deaths were reported. These findings suggest that, during CHIK epidemics, some patients may not have classical symptoms (fever and arthralgias). Local surveillance is needed to detect any changes in the pathogenicity of this virus

Chikungunya Virus Neutralization Antigens and Direct Cell-to-Cell Transmission Are Revealed by Human Antibody-Escape Mutants

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus responsible for numerous epidemics throughout Africa and Asia, causing infectious arthritis and reportedly linked with fatal infections in newborns and elderly. Previous studies in animal models indicate that humoral immunity can protect against CHIKV infection, but despite the potential efficacy of B-cell-driven intervention strategies, there are no virus-specific vaccines or therapies currently available. In addition, CHIKV has been reported to elicit long-lasting virus-specific IgM in humans, and to establish long-term persistence in non-human primates, suggesting that the virus might evade immune defenses to establish chronic infections in man. However, the mechanisms of immune evasion potentially employed by CHIKV remain uncharacterized. We previously described two human monoclonal antibodies that potently neutralize CHIKV infection. In the current report, we have characterized CHIKV mutants that escape antibody-dependent neutralization to identify the CHIKV E2 domain B and fusion loop “groove” as the primary determinants of CHIKV interaction with these antibodies. Furthermore, for the first time, we have also demonstrated direct CHIKV cell-to-cell transmission, as a mechanism that involves the E2 domain A and that is associated with viral resistance to antibody-dependent neutralization. Identification of CHIKV sub-domains that are associated with human protective immunity, will pave the way for the development of CHIKV-specific sub-domain vaccination strategies. Moreover, the clear demonstration of CHIKV cell-to-cell transmission and its possible role in the establishment of CHIKV persistence, will also inform the development of future anti-viral interventions. These data shed new light on CHIKV-host interactions that will help to combat human CHIKV infection and inform future studies of CHIKV pathogenesis

Hokusai Manga

International audienc

Consumo cultural de cine e identificaciones cinematográficas de niños y adolescentes en Puerto Montt

The paper characterizes cultural film consumption of children and teenagers (divided in four age segments) in Puerto Montt, after the stablish of a new theater complex (the city had, until then, only one theater). Apprehending intellective-experiential rites of cinematographic space; the social framework involved in film attendance, the consumption relations proppiciated in the space mall-cinema; the place assigned to the cinema experience in identity function and deep motivacional structure of those viewers: all this is requested to draw a "profile" of this teen-multimedial consumer.La investigación caracterizó el consumo cultural cinematográfico que realizan niños y adolescentes (a través de cuatro segmentos etarios) en la ciudad de Puerto Montt, tras la puesta en marcha de un nuevo complejo de multisalas (la ciudad contaba hasta entonces solo con una sala de cine). Aprehender  los ritos intelectivos-experienciales del espacio cinematográfico, el entramado social que implica la asistencia al cine, las relaciones de consumo que se producen en el espacio cine-mall, las formas publicitarias de llegar al cine, el lugar asignado a la experiencia cinematográfica en tanto función identitaria y la estructura profunda motivacional de aquellos espectadores, resulta necesario para trazar un "mapa" que de cuenta del perfil de este consumidor infante-adolescente-juvenil-multimedial