63 research outputs found
Electron microscopic diagnostics of apoptosis processes under simulation conditions in the experiment of acute pyelonephritis and concomitant diabetes mellitus type I and II
According to literature data, in the conditions of the balance of pro- and antiinflammatory factors, the development of the infectious-inflammatory process tends to progress and more severe with subsequent transformation into chronic inflammation with
corresponding morphofunctional effects. Under such critical conditions, an apoptosis is
likely to play a crucial protective role, which can eliminate the excessive accumulation
of aggressive inflammatory effects and effectively eliminate them, which in the future
prevents the probable transformation into a persistent form. The aim of the work was to
study the features of the early dynamic processes of apoptosis in the tissues of the
kidneys under simulation conditions in the experiment of acute pyelonephritis and
concomitant diabetes mellitus type I and II. The purpose of the study was to study the
features of the early dynamic processes of apoptosis in the tissues of the kidneys under
simulation conditions in the experiment of acute pyelonephritis and concomitant type I
and type II diabetes. The work was performed on 300 adult Wistar rats, which were
divided into 4 groups. Fragments of animal's kidneys were studied and photographed in
an electron microscope PEM-100-01. The results showed that after modeling in the
animals of pyelonephritis in the nephrons there were no significant ultrastructural changes.
The structure of the podocytes of the outer sheet was almost the same as the structure
of the podocytes of the control material, and in some cells there were signs of activation
of their metabolic activity. In the structure of the podocytes of the inner leaf of the capsule,
dystrophic changes of the internal membrane of the mitochondria were established. In
kidney medulla, the structure of the glomerulus was more preserved than in the cortical.
Pathological changes of the proximal and distal tubular podocytes, as well as interstitial
tissue, are more pronounced than the renal glomeruli. Under the modeling of the common
model of pyelonephritis and type 1 diabetes, more pronounced morphological changes
occur: destructive changes in the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries, the
homogenization of the structure of the basement membrane occurs and the mesangial
tissue is significantly enlarged. In nephrons and tubules of cortex, changes are manifested
to a much greater extent than in the kidney medulla. When studying in clinical conditions
the pathogenetic features of acute pyelonephritis in conditions of concomitant diabetes
mellitus it is expedient to carry out electron microscopic research with the aim of choosing
the optimal corrective therapeutic effect and preventing the unfavorable course of
infectious and inflammatory process and its transformation into persistent form. EM
(electron-microscopic) studies are highly informative in the study of pathological changes
and early dynamic processes of apoptosis in renal tissues in the design of acute
pyelonephritis and concomitant diabetes mellitus I and II in the experimental conditions
Tubular initial conditions and ridge formation
The 2D azimuth & rapidity structure of the two-particle correlations in
relativistic A+A collisions is altered significantly by the presence of sharp
inhomogeneities in superdense matter formed in such processes. The causality
constraints enforce one to associate the long-range longitudinal correlations
observed in a narrow angular interval, the so-called (soft) ridge, with
peculiarities of the initial conditions of collision process. This study's
objective is to analyze whether multiform initial tubular structures,
undergoing the subsequent hydrodynamic evolution and gradual decoupling, can
form the soft ridges. Motivated by the flux-tube scenarios, the initial energy
density distribution contains the different numbers of high density tube-like
boost-invariant inclusions that form a bumpy structure in the transverse plane.
The influence of various structures of such initial conditions in the most
central A+A events on the collective evolution of matter, resulting spectra,
angular particle correlations and v_n-coefficients is studied in the framework
of the HydroKinetic Model (HKM).Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, the paper to be published in Advances of High
Energy Physics (2013, in press
Проблеми конкурсного відбору до Державного бюро розслідувань
Борисов Д. С. Проблеми конкурсного відбору до Державного бюро розслідувань / Д. С. Борисов, А. О. Коваленко // Державне бюро розслідувань: на шляху розбудови : матер. Міжнар. наук.-практ. конф. (м. Одеса, 16 червня 2018 р.) / редкол.: Г. О. Ульянова (голова ред.), В. М. Дрьомін, Є. Л. Стрельцов [та ін.] ; НУ "ОЮА". - Одеса : Юридична література, 2018. - С. 102-104
Measurement of shower development and its Moli\`ere radius with a four-plane LumiCal test set-up
A prototype of a luminometer, designed for a future e+e- collider detector,
and consisting at present of a four-plane module, was tested in the CERN PS
accelerator T9 beam. The objective of this beam test was to demonstrate a
multi-plane tungsten/silicon operation, to study the development of the
electromagnetic shower and to compare it with MC simulations. The Moli\`ere
radius has been determined to be 24.0 +/- 0.6 (stat.) +/- 1.5 (syst.) mm using
a parametrization of the shower shape. Very good agreement was found between
data and a detailed Geant4 simulation.Comment: Paper published in Eur. Phys. J., includes 25 figures and 3 Table
Performance of fully instrumented detector planes of the forward calorimeter of a Linear Collider detector
Detector-plane prototypes of the very forward calorimetry of a future
detector at an e+e- collider have been built and their performance was measured
in an electron beam. The detector plane comprises silicon or GaAs pad sensors,
dedicated front-end and ADC ASICs, and an FPGA for data concentration.
Measurements of the signal-to-noise ratio and the response as a function of the
position of the sensor are presented. A deconvolution method is successfully
applied, and a comparison of the measured shower shape as a function of the
absorber depth with a Monte-Carlo simulation is given.Comment: 25 pages, 32 figures, revised version following comments from
referee
Conceptual design report for the LUXE experiment
This Conceptual Design Report describes LUXE (Laser Und XFEL Experiment), an experimental campaign that aims to combine the high-quality and high-energy electron beam of the European XFEL with a powerful laser to explore the uncharted terrain of quantum electrodynamics characterised by both high energy and high intensity. We will reach this hitherto inaccessible regime of quantum physics by analysing high-energy electron-photon and photon-photon interactions in the extreme environment provided by an intense laser focus. The physics background and its relevance are presented in the science case which in turn leads to, and justifies, the ensuing plan for all aspects of the experiment: Our choice of experimental parameters allows (i) field strengths to be probed where the coupling to charges becomes non-perturbative and (ii) a precision to be achieved that permits a detailed comparison of the measured data with calculations. In addition, the high photon flux predicted will enable a sensitive search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. The initial phase of the experiment will employ an existing 40 TW laser, whereas the second phase will utilise an upgraded laser power of 350 TW. All expectations regarding the performance of the experimental set-up as well as the expected physics results are based on detailed numerical simulations throughout
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Top-quark physics at the CLIC electron-positron linear collider
Abstract
The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a proposed future high-luminosity linear electron-positron collider operating at three energy stages, with nominal centre-of-mass energies
s
= 380 GeV, 1.5 TeV, and 3 TeV. Its aim is to explore the energy frontier, providing sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) and precision measurements of Standard Model processes with an emphasis on Higgs boson and top-quark physics. The opportunities for top-quark physics at CLIC are discussed in this paper. The initial stage of operation focuses on top-quark pair production measurements, as well as the search for rare flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) top-quark decays. It also includes a top-quark pair production threshold scan around 350 GeV which provides a precise measurement of the top-quark mass in a well-defined theoretical framework. At the higher-energy stages, studies are made of top-quark pairs produced in association with other particles. A study of t̄tH production including the extraction of the top Yukawa coupling is presented as well as a study of vector boson fusion (VBF) production, which gives direct access to high-energy electroweak interactions. Operation above 1 TeV leads to more highly collimated jet environments where dedicated methods are used to analyse the jet constituents. These techniques enable studies of the top-quark pair production, and hence the sensitivity to BSM physics, to be extended to higher energies. This paper also includes phenomenological interpretations that may be performed using the results from the extensive top-quark physics programme at CLIC.</jats:p
Top-quark physics at the CLIC electron-positron linear collider
ABSTRACT: The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a proposed future high-luminosity linear electron-positron collider operating at three energy stages, with nominal centre-of-mass energies √s = 380 GeV, 1.5 TeV, and 3 TeV. Its aim is to explore the energy frontier, providing sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) and precision measurements of Standard Model processes with an emphasis on Higgs boson and top-quark physics. The opportunities for top-quark physics at CLIC are discussed in this paper. The initial stage of operation focuses on top-quark pair production measurements, as well as the search for rare flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) top-quark decays. It also includes a top-quark pair production threshold scan around 350 GeV which provides a precise measurement of the top-quark mass in a well-defined theoretical framework. At the higher-energy stages, studies are made of top-quark pairs produced in association with other particles. A study of t̄tH production including the extraction of the top Yukawa coupling is presented as well as a study of vector boson fusion (VBF) production, which gives direct access to high-energy electroweak interactions. Operation above 1 TeV leads to more highly collimated jet environments where dedicated methods are used to analyse the jet constituents. These techniques enable studies of the top-quark pair production, and hence the sensitivity to BSM physics, to be extended to higher energies. This paper also includes phenomenological interpretations that may be performed using the results from the extensive top-quark physics programme at CLIC.the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness under projects MINEICO/FEDER-UE, FPA2015-65652-C4-3-R, FPA2015-71292-C2-1-Pand FPA2015-71956-REDT; and the MECD grant FPA2016-78645-P, Spai
Detector Technologies for CLIC
The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a high-energy high-luminosity linear
electron-positron collider under development. It is foreseen to be built and
operated in three stages, at centre-of-mass energies of 380 GeV, 1.5 TeV and 3
TeV, respectively. It offers a rich physics program including direct searches
as well as the probing of new physics through a broad set of precision
measurements of Standard Model processes, particularly in the Higgs-boson and
top-quark sectors. The precision required for such measurements and the
specific conditions imposed by the beam dimensions and time structure put
strict requirements on the detector design and technology. This includes
low-mass vertexing and tracking systems with small cells, highly granular
imaging calorimeters, as well as a precise hit-time resolution and power-pulsed
operation for all subsystems. A conceptual design for the CLIC detector system
was published in 2012. Since then, ambitious R&D programmes for silicon vertex
and tracking detectors, as well as for calorimeters have been pursued within
the CLICdp, CALICE and FCAL collaborations, addressing the challenging detector
requirements with innovative technologies. This report introduces the
experimental environment and detector requirements at CLIC and reviews the
current status and future plans for detector technology R&D.Comment: 152 pages, 116 figures; published as CERN Yellow Report Monograph
Vol. 1/2019; corresponding editors: Dominik Dannheim, Katja Kr\"uger, Aharon
Levy, Andreas N\"urnberg, Eva Sickin
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