Edificio comercial, en Lausana

Este edificio comprende, fundamentalmente, locales comerciales y pisos de alquiler; está situado en una de las esquinas que forman las calles Georgette y Théâtre, en el centro de la ciudad, e incluido dentro del perímetro que abarca un nuevo plan de desarrollo urbano, del cual es el elemento fundamental. Por su emplazamiento privilegiado, constituye el centro de comunicaciones y de descongestionamiento de este barrio densamente poblado. El edificio contiene también una escuela y un teatro, completando el programa previsto

The Purcell Three-link swimmer: some geometric and numerical aspects related to periodic optimal controls

International audienceThe maximum principle combined with numerical methods is a powerful tool to compute solutions for optimal control problems. This approach turns out to be extremely useful in applications, including solving problems which require establishing periodic trajectories for Hamiltonian systems, optimizing the production of photobioreactors over a one-day period, finding the best periodic controls for locomotion models (e.g. walking, flying and swimming). In this article we investigate some geometric and numerical aspects related to optimal control problems for the so-called Purcell Three-link swimmer [20], in which the cost to minimize represents the energy consumed by the swimmer. More precisely, employing the maximum principle and shooting methods we derive optimal trajectories and controls, which have particular periodic features. Moreover, invoking a linearization procedure of the control system along a reference extremal, we estimate the conjugate points, which play a crucial role for the second order optimality conditions. We also show how, making use of techniques imported by the sub-Riemannian geometry, the nilpotent approximation of the system provides a model which is integrable, obtaining explicit expressions in terms of elliptic functions. This approximation allows to compute optimal periodic controls for small deformations of the body, allowing the swimmer to move minimizing its energy. Numerical simulations are presented using Hampath and Bocop codes

Vocal Sticky Notes: Adding Audio Comments on Paper Documents

In this paper we present a tool to annotate paper documents with vocal comments. This tool does not require specially processed documents, and allows natural and simple interactions: sticking a note to add a comment, and place an object on it to listen to the record. A pilot experiment in which teachers used this tool to annotate reports revealed that vocal comments require an extra effort compared to writing. We discuss future work that could either fix or take advantage of this extra effort

General Architecture for Data Analysis in Industry 4.0 using SysML and Model Based System Engineering

The industrial manufacturing sector has substantially evolved over the past decade, with the collect and analyze of sensors and apparatus data. The manufacturing processes “digitalization” has resulted in huge data management concerns as manufacturing companies need to aggregate value for productivity improvement. The Industry 4.0 concept involves many technologies in order to challenge this issue. The paper presents an architecture framework to allow data analysis in different factories in the Industry 4.0 context. A MBSE approach is proposed and the use of SysML is assessed in that context

Paper Interface Design for Classroom Orchestration

Designing computer systems for educational purpose is a difficult task. While many of them have been developed in the past, their use in classrooms is still scarce. We make the hypothesis that this is because those systems take into account the needs of individuals and groups, but ignore the requirements inherent in their use in a classroom. In this work, we present a computer system based on a paper and tangible interface that can be used at all three levels of interaction: individual, group, and classroom. We describe the current state of the interface design and why it is appropriate for classroom orchestration, both theoretically and through two examples for teaching geometry

Designing Augmented Reality for the Classroom

Augmented reality (AR) has recently received a lot of attention in education. Multiple AR systems for learning have been developed and tested through empirical studies often conducted in lab settings. While lab studies can be insightful, they leave out the complexity of a classroom environment. We developed three AR learning environments that have been used in genuine classroom contexts, some of them being now part of classroom regular practices. These systems and the learning activities they provide have been co-designed with teachers, for their own classrooms, through multiple cycles of prototyping and testing. We present here the features that emerged from these co-design cycles and abstract them into design principles. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Tangible Paper Interfaces: Interpreting Pupils' Manipulations

Paper interfaces merge the advantages of the digital and physical world. They can be created using normal paper augmented by a camera+projector system. They are particularly promising for applications in education, because paper is already fully integrated in the classroom, and computers can augment them with a dynamic display. However, people mostly use paper as a document, and rarely for its characteristics as a physical body. In this article, we show how the tangible nature of paper can be used to extract information about the learning activity. We present an augmented reality activity for pupils in primary schools to explore the classification of quadrilaterals based on sheets, cards, and cardboard shapes. We present a preliminary study and an in-situ, controlled study, making use of this activity. From the detected positions of the various interface elements, we show how to extract indicators about problem solving, hesitation, difficulty levels of the exercises, and the division of labor among the groups of pupils. Finally, we discuss how such indicators can be used, and how other interfaces can be designed to extract different indicators

A shooting algorithm for problems with singular arcs

In this article we propose a shooting algorithm for a class of optimal control problems for which all control variables appear linearly. The shooting system has, in the general case, more equations than unknowns and the Gauss-Newton method is used to compute a zero of the shooting function. This shooting algorithm is locally quadratically convergent if the derivative of the shooting function is one-to-one at the solution. The main result of this paper is to show that the latter holds whenever a sufficient condition for weak optimality is satisfied. We note that this condition is very close to a second order necessary condition. For the case when the shooting system can be reduced to one having the same number of unknowns and equations (square system) we prove that the mentioned sufficient condition guarantees the stability of the optimal solution under small perturbations and the invertibility of the Jacobian matrix of the shooting function associated to the perturbed problem. We present numerical tests that validate our method.Comment: No. RR-7763 (2011); Journal of Optimization, Theory and Applications, published as 'Online first', January 201

Signal transduction by reactive oxygen species

Although historically viewed as purely harmful, recent evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as important physiological regulators of intracellular signaling pathways. The specific effects of ROS are modulated in large part through the covalent modification of specific cysteine residues found within redox-sensitive target proteins. Oxidation of these specific and reactive cysteine residues in turn can lead to the reversible modification of enzymatic activity. Emerging evidence suggests that ROS regulate diverse physiological parameters ranging from the response to growth factor stimulation to the generation of the inflammatory response, and that dysregulated ROS signaling may contribute to a host of human diseases