1,715 research outputs found
Depression is associated with repeat emergency department visits in patients with non-specific abdominal pain
Introduction: Patients with abdominal pain often return multiple times despite no definitive diagnosis. Our objective was to determine if repeat emergency department (ED) use among patients with non-specific abdominal pain might be associated with a diagnosis of moderate to severe depressive disorder.
Methods: We screened 987 ED patients for major depression during weekday daytime hours from June 2011 through November 2011 using a validated depression screening tool, the PHQ-9. Each subject was classified as either no depression, mild depression or moderate/ severe depression based on the screening tool. Within this group, we identified 83 patients with non-specific abdominal pain by either primary or secondary diagnosis. Comparing depressed patients versus non-depressed patients, we analyzed demographic characteristics and number of prior ED visits in the past year.
Results:In patients with non-specific abdominal pain, 61.9% of patients with moderate or severe depression (PHQ9â„10) had at least one visit to our ED for the same complaint within a 365-day period, as compared to 29.2% of patients with no depression (PHQ9
Conclusion: Repeat ED use among patients with non-specific abdominal pain is associated with moderate to severe depressive disorder. Patients with multiple visits for abdominal pain may benefit from targeted ED screening for depression. [West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(3):325â328.
Constraints on CDM cosmology from galaxy power spectrum, CMB and SNIa evolution
We examine the constraints that can be obtained on standard cold dark matter
models from the most currently used data set: CMB anisotropies, type Ia
supernovae and the SDSS luminous red galaxies. We also examine how these
constraints are widened when the equation of state parameter and the
curvature parameter are left as free parameters. For the
CDM model, our 'vanilla' model, cosmological parameters are tightly
constrained and consistent with current estimates from various methods. When
the dark energy parameter is free we find that the constraints remain
mostly unchanged, i.e. changes are smaller than the 1 sigma uncertainties.
Similarly, relaxing the assumption of a flat universe leads to nearly identical
constraints on the dark energy density parameter of the universe
, baryon density of the universe , the optical
depth , the index of the power spectrum of primordial fluctuations ,
with most one sigma uncertainties better than 5%. More significant changes
appear on other parameters: while preferred values are almost unchanged,
uncertainties for the physical dark matter density , Hubble
constant and are typically twice as large. We found that
different methodological approaches on large scale structure estimates lead to
appreciable differences in preferred values and uncertainty widths. We also
found that possible evolution in SNIa intrinsic luminosity does not alter these
constraints by much, except for , for which the uncertainty is twice as
large. At the same time, this possible evolution is severely constrained. We
conclude that systematic uncertainties for some estimated quantities are
similar or larger than statistical ones.Comment: Revised version, 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Innovative Process for Furniture Design: Contributions of 3D Scan and Virtual Reality
Technological development offers new opportunities that could change design processes. The present study explores the possibilities of technologies like virtual reality and 3D scan in the furniture design process. For this purpose, a co-creation process with help of new technologies was carried out from initial ideation to 3D modelling. Each tool has been characterized in terms of user experience measured by questionnaire. This research validates a design process of furniture based on immersive technology and provide some recommendations for the implementation and improvement of this process
Improvements in the X-ray luminosity function and constraints on the Cosmological parameters from X-ray luminous clusters
We show how to improve constraints on \Omega_m, \sigma_8, and the dark-energy
equation-of-state parameter, w, obtained by Mantz et al. (2008) from
measurements of the X-ray luminosity function of galaxy clusters, namely MACS,
the local BCS and the REFLEX galaxy cluster samples with luminosities L> 3
\times 10^{44} erg/s in the 0.1--2.4 keV band. To this aim, we use Tinker et
al. (2008) mass function instead of Jenkins et al. (2001) and the M-L
relationship obtained from Del Popolo (2002) and Del Popolo et al. (2005).
Using the same methods and priors of Mantz et al. (2008), we find, for a
\Lambda while the result of Mantz et al. (2008) gives
less tight constraints and
\sigma_8=0.78^{+0.11}_{-0.13}. In the case of a wCDM model, we find
\Omega_m=0.27^{+0.07}_{-0.06}, and
, while in Mantz et al. (2008) they are again less tight
\Omega_m=0.24^{+0.15}_{-0.07}, \sigma_8=0.85^{+0.13}_{-0.20} and
w=-1.4^{+0.4}_{-0.7}. Combining the XLF analysis with the f_{gas}+CMB+SNIa data
set results in the constraint \Omega_m=0.269 \pm 0.012, \sigma_8=0.81 \pm 0.021
and w=-1.02 \pm 0.04, to be compared with Mantz et al. (2008), \Omega_m=0.269
\pm 0.016, \sigma_8=0.82 \pm 0.03 and w=-1.02 \pm 0.06. The tightness of the
last constraints obtained by Mantz et al. (2008), are fundamentally due to the
tightness of the +CMB+SNIa constraints and not to their XLF analysis.
Our findings, consistent with w=-1, lend additional support to the
cosmological-constant model.Comment: 9 pages, 4 Figures. A&A accepted. Paper Subitted Previously To Mantz
et al 2009, arXiv:0909.3098 and Mantz et al 2009b, arXiv:0909.309
Molecular phylogeny of IndoâPacific carpenter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Camponotus) reveals waves of dispersal and colonization from diverse source areas
Ants that resemble Camponotus maculatus (Fabricius, 1782) present an opportunity to test the hypothesis that the origin of the Pacific island fauna was primarily New Guinea, the Philippines, and the IndoâMalay archipelago (collectively known as Malesia). We sequenced two mitochondrial and four nuclear markers from 146 specimens from Pacific islands, Australia, and Malesia. We also added 211 specimens representing a larger worldwide sample and performed a series of phylogenetic analyses and ancestral area reconstructions. Results indicate that the Pacific members of this group comprise several robust clades that have distinctly different biogeographical histories, and they suggest an important role for Australia as a source of Pacific colonizations. Malesian areas were recovered mostly in derived positions, and one lineage appears to be Neotropical. Phylogenetic hypotheses indicate that the orange, panâPacific form commonly identified as C. chloroticus Emery 1897 actually consists of two distantly related lineages. Also, the lineage on HawaiÊ»i, which has been called C. variegatus (Smith, 1858), appears to be closely related to C. tortuganus Emery, 1895 in Florida and other lineages in the New World. In Micronesia and Polynesia the C. chloroticusâlike species support predictions of the taxonâcycle hypothesis and could be candidates for humanâmediated dispersal.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112260/1/cla12099-sup-0002-FigureS2.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112260/2/cla12099-sup-0003-FigureS3.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112260/3/cla12099-sup-0001-FigureS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112260/4/cla12099-sup-0004-FigureS4.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112260/5/cla12099-sup-0005-FigureS5.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112260/6/cla12099-sup-0006-FigureS6.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112260/7/cla12099.pd
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Integrating Life Cycle and Impact Assessments to Map Food's Cumulative Environmental Footprint
Producing food exerts pressures on the environment. Understanding the location and magnitude of food production is key to reducing the impacts of these pressures on nature and people. In this Perspective, Kuempel et al. outline an approach for integrating life cycle assessment and cumulative impact mapping data and methodologies to map the cumulative environmental pressure of food systems. The approach enables quantification of current and potential future environmental pressures, which are needed to reduce the net impact of feeding humanity. © 2020 The AuthorsFeeding a growing, increasingly affluent population while limiting environmental pressures of food production is a central challenge for society. Understanding the location and magnitude of food production is key to addressing this challenge because pressures vary substantially across food production types. Applying data and models from life cycle assessment with the methodologies for mapping cumulative environmental impacts of human activities (hereafter cumulative impact mapping) provides a powerful approach to spatially map the cumulative environmental pressure of food production in a way that is consistent and comprehensive across food types. However, these methodologies have yet to be combined. By synthesizing life cycle assessment and cumulative impact mapping methodologies, we provide guidance for comprehensively and cumulatively mapping the environmental pressures (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, spatial occupancy, and freshwater use) associated with food production systems. This spatial approach enables quantification of current and potential future environmental pressures, which is needed for decision makers to create more sustainable food policies and practices. © 2020 The Author
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