Peirce y el lugar de la semiótica

Según Max H. Fisch, mientras el joven Peirce considera la lógica como una parte de la semiótica, en la obra de madurez, la lógica es identificada con la semiótica. En este artículo se ofrece una reconstrucción alternativa de las relaciones entre lógica y semiótica en el pensamiento de Peirce. la primera parte de la tesis de Fisch es sustancialmente correcta: en sus primeros escritos (1865-1866) la lógica es una simbolística objetiva, es decir, una parte de una parte de la ciencia general de todas las representaciones (la semiótica). Parte de la tesis de Fisch debe, en cambio, ser reconsiderada. Para el Peirce maduro (1902-1913), la lógica debe incluir una rama que se ocupe de la clasificación de los signos, es decir, una gramática especulativa.According to Max H. Fisch, while the young Peirce considers logic as a part of semiotics, in his mature writings logic is identified with semiotics. This paper offers an alternative reconstruction of the relations between logic and semiotics in Peirce's thought. The first part of Fisch's thesis is substantially correct: in his earliest writings (1865-1866) logic is objective symbolistic, that is a part of a part of the general science of all representations (semiotics). The second part of Fisch's thesis requires emendation. For the mature Peirce (1902-1913), logic has to include as a proper part a preliminary study of its own boundaries. In other words, logic has to comprise a branch devoted to the classifcation of signs, namely a speculative grammar

Integrable Extensions of N=2 Supersymmetric KdV Hierarchy Associated with the Nonuniqueness of the Roots of the Lax operator

We preesent a new supersymmetric integrable extensions of the a=4,N=2 KdV hierarchy. The root of the supersymmetric Lax operator of the KdV equation is generalized, by including additional fields. This generalized root generate new hierarchy of integrable equations, for which we investigate the hamiltonian structure. In special case our system describes the interaction of the KdV equation with the two MKdV equations.Comment: 9 pages Latex,e-mail [email protected]

The Supersymmetric Effective Action of the Heterotic String in Ten Dimensions

We construct the supersymmetric completion of quartic $R+R^4$-actions in the ten-dimensional effective action of the heterotic string. Two invariants, of which the bosonic parts are known from one-loop string amplitude calculations, are obtained. One of these invariants can be generalized to an $R+F^2+F^4$-invariant for supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory coupled to supergravity. Supersymmetry requires the presence of $B\wedge R\wedge R\wedge R\wedge R$-terms, ($B\wedge F\wedge F\wedge F\wedge F$ for Yang-Mills) which correspond to counterterms in the Green-Schwarz anomaly cancellation. Within the context of our calculation the $\zeta(3)R^4$-term from the tree-level string effective action does not allow supersymmetrization.Comment: 42 pages, UG-9/9

Duality of Type II 7-branes and 8-branes

We present a version of ten-dimensional IIA supergravity containing a 9-form potential for which the field equations are equivalent to those of the standard, massless, IIA theory for vanishing 10-form field strength, $F_{10}$, and to those of the `massive' IIA theory for non-vanishing $F_{10}$. We present a multi 8-brane solution of these equations that generalizes the 8-brane of Polchinski and Witten. We show that this solution is T-dual to a new multi 7-brane solution of $S^1$ compactified IIB supergravity, and that the latter is T-dual to the IIA 6-brane. When combined with the $Sl(2;\Z)$ U-duality of the type IIB superstring, the T-duality between type II 7-branes and 8-branes implies a quantization of the cosmological constant of type IIA superstring theory. These results are made possible by the construction of a new {\it massive} N=2 D=9 supergravity theory. We also discuss the 11-dimensional interpretation of these type II p-branes.Comment: Includes corrections to last section that will appear in the version to be published in Nuclear Physics B. 36 pp. Phyzz

Some Aspects of Spherical Symmetric Extremal Dyonic Black Holes in 4d N=1 Supergravity

In this paper we study several aspects of extremal spherical symmetric black hole solutions of four dimensional N=1 supergravity coupled to vector and chiral multiplets with the scalar potential turned on. In the asymptotic region the complex scalars are fixed and regular which can be viewed as the critical points of the black hole and the scalar potentials with vanishing scalar charges. It follows that the asymptotic geometries are of a constant and non-zero scalar curvature which are generally not Einstein. These spaces could also correspond to the near horizon geometries which are the product spaces of a two anti-de Sitter surface and the two sphere if the value of the scalars in both regions coincides. In addition, we prove the local existence of non-trivial radius dependent complex scalar fields which interpolate between the horizon and the asymptotic region. We finally give some simple {\lC}^{n}-models with both linear superpotential and gauge couplings.Comment: 17 pages, no figure. Added an author. Major revision: typos and grammar corrected, some statements modified, added a section about local existence of scalar fields. Accepted for publication in Int J Mod Phys

Un esbozo de diccionario de verbos en español desde la perspectiva de la estructura argumental. Una reflexión general sobre la naturaleza sintáctica, léxica y semántica de los verbos

Sobre la base de un aprendizaje significativo de la lengua, el objetivo de la investigación, cuyos destinatarios son, fundamentalmente, traductores, correctores, profesores de lengua española y personas interesadas en la problemática de la lengua, fue evaluar la relevancia semántica de los verbos a partir de un cuerpo de datos constituido por 150 verbos extraídos del Diccionario de la RAE (2014). El estudio se realizó desde la perspectiva sintáctico-léxico-semántica, puesto que esta determina las funciones sintácticas necesarias para formar una oración correcta. De cada verbo se consideraron las seis primeras entradas y se excluyeron las locuciones verbales y metafóricas, y se incluyeron únicamente verbos transitivos, intransitivos y pronominales.Se partió de la clasificación de papeles temáticos de V. Demonte (1990:125), quien —sobre la base de la terminología de Vendler-Dowty (1967) — plantea cuatro características inherentes del verbo y añade una taxonomía de rasgos combinatorios mínimos de [actividad / resultado] para cada clase, a saber: REALIZACIONES [+ actividad, + resultado]; ACTIVIDAD [+ actividad, -resultado]; LOGRO [- actividad + resultado] y ESTADOS [-actividad, -resultado].Del análisis surgieron inevitables dudas en cuanto a la determinación de ciertos rasgos, entre ellos el rasgo mínimo que distinguiría la realización del logro. Cotejados varios casos, se decidió desdoblar la estructura eventiva de logro en: logro absoluto y logro relativo. Por ejemplo, en Explotó una bomba, el logro es absoluto, pero en Descubrió una cueva, el logro se obtiene a partir de un proceso, es decir, de una realización. El texto refiere un descubrimiento no esperado. Sin embargo, en Descubrió la/esa cueva, con la presencia de un determinante, se infiere la existencia previa de la cueva y su hallazgo.Por otra parte, se han sumado al análisis los rasgos morfológicos y aspectuales del verbo además de determinantes (artículos y cuantificadores). Por ejemplo, “bailar” es un verbo de actividad que requiere Agente y Tema: Clara baila; Clara baila zambas. En Clara bailó una zamba con verbo en pasado simple o compuesto es verbo de realización, pero en Clara bailó la/esa zamba la presencia de un determinante orienta el rasgo de logro

O agronegócio da Bahia e de suas mesorregiões

This paper intends to expose the gross domestic product (GDP) evolution of the agribusiness in Bahia and its mesoregions, between the years 2000 and 2005. The inputoutput approach was applied, in order to measure the agribusiness, which was divided into segments and subcomplexes in each mesoregion. In this way, it was possible compare them. The results showed that, in the analyzed period, the agribusiness reached greater importance in the total Bahia and mesoregions GDP. Moreover, the metropolitan mesoregion of Salvador deserves notability, since it was responsible for the greatest participation on the building of the Bahia agribusiness GDP

Ancient volcanism on the Moon: Insights from Pb isotopes in the MIL 13317 and Kalahari 009 lunar meteorites

Lunar meteorites provide a potential opportunity to expand the study of ancient (>4000 Ma) basaltic volcanism on the Moon, of which there are only a few examples in the Apollo sample collection. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) was used to determine the Pb isotopic compositions of multiple mineral phases (Ca-phosphates, baddeleyite K-feldspar, K-rich glass and plagioclase) in two lunar meteorites, Miller Range (MIL) 13317 and Kalahari (Kal) 009. These data were used to calculate crystallisation ages of 4332 ±2Ma (95% confidence level) for basaltic clasts in MIL 13317, and 4369 ±7Ma (95% confidence level) for the monomict basaltic breccia Kal 009. From the analyses of the MIL 13317 basaltic clasts, it was possible to determine an initial Pb isotopic composition of the protolith from which the clasts originated, and infer a 238U/204Pb ratio (μ-value) of 850 ±130(2σ uncertainty) for the magmatic source of this basalt. This is lower than μ-values determined previously for KREEP-rich (an acronym for K, Rare Earth Elements and P) basalts, although analyses of other lithological components in the meteorite suggest the presence of a KREEP component in the regolith from which the breccia was formed and, therefore, a more probable origin for the meteorite on the lunar nearside. It was not possible to determine a similar initial Pb isotopic composition from the Kal 009 data, but previous studies of the meteorite have highlighted the very low concentrations of incompatible trace elements and proposed an origin on the farside of the Moon. Taken together, the data from these two meteorites provide more compelling evidence for widespread ancient volcanism on the Moon. Furthermore, the compositional differences between the basaltic materials in the meteorites provide evidence that this volcanism was not an isolated or localised occurrence, but happened in multiple locations on the Moon and at distinct times. In light of previous studies into early lunar magmatic evolution, these data also imply that basaltic volcanism commenced almost immediately after Lunar Magma Ocean (LMO) crystallisation, as defined by Nd, Hf and Pb model ages at about 4370Ma