Radio and infrared interferometry of stellar and substellar objects

En el trabajo presentado aquí hemos usado la interferometría a modo de navaja suiza, lo cual nos ha permitido hacer contribuciones relevantes a diversos campos donde una gran resolución angular proporciona una gran ventaja. Hemos estudiado tanto objetos estelares como sub-estelares: desde gigantes rojas con atmósferas muy extensas y frías hasta enanas ultra-frías con una actividad magnética extrema. Todo gracias a la gran resolución que proporcionan los instrumentos actuales, tanto en radio como en infrarrojo, junto con su gran sensibilidad.In the work presented here, we have used interferometry as a Swiss knife allowing us to make contributions in a number of relevant astrophysical scenarios of research where high angular resolution provides a privileged insight. Both stellar and substellar objects are the targets of our studies, which cover from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) and red supergiant (RSG) stars with very extended and cool atmospheres to ultracool low-mass objects which show extreme magnetic activity. The extraordinary resolution provided by present instrumentation, both in radio and infrared, along with their increasing sensitivity allow us to investigate

Transcatheter Closure of a Secundum Atrial Septal Defect with Deficient Aortic Rim Through the Left Internal Jugular Vein in a Child with Situs Inversus and Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava: Device's Choice Matters

Percutaneous closure of secundum atrial septal defect (sASD) in children with interrupted inferior vena cava is challenging, especially in case of deficient aortic rim. Trans-jugular access is generally preferred in this scenario. Patients with situs inversus and sASD also carry technical difficulties for transcatheter closure because of the orientation of the atrial septum. We report a successful case of percutaneous closure of a sASD with deficient aortic rim using an occlutech figulla flex II ASD device through the left internal jugular vein in a child with situs inversus, dextrocardia, and interrupted IVC. This case was facilitated by the absence of left-sided hub of the Occlutech device to provide stable opening of the device into the left atrium, whereas the ball-connection of the delivery system allowed an angle of almost 180 degrees between the device and the atrial septum

Improving the Chemical Properties of Acid Sulphate Soils from the Casamance River Basin

[EN] The anoxic conditions produced after the reflooding of acid sulphate soil (ASS) can reduce sulphate and/or Fe(III) with a consequent rise in pH. This study aimed to compare the effect of different amendments on ASS remediation and to analyse the effect on soil pH and exchangeable aluminium. Two mid-term incubation experiments were carried out to analyse the effect of amendments and water management on ASS. Soil samples were taken in the Santak Valley from four agricultural plots. During the first experiment, each soil sample was subject to two water management systems (flooded and non-flooded) and three amendment types (rice straw, manure, and lime). During the second experiment, the flooded condition was performed with three organic amendments (rice straw, manure, and biochar). In the first experiment, the amendments with organic matter (rice straw, and manure) increased the pH more under the flooded conditions, and manure was effective in reducing exchangeable aluminium (Alex) to 45% in the control soil. In the second experiment, all the organic amendments reduced soluble Al, but whereas straw increased soluble Fe, biochar diminished it. The amendment addition increased the soil pH and reduced Alex. The Alex reduction was greater for the stabler organic amendments: manure and biochar.The authors acknowledge the Centre for Development Cooperation of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (CCD-UPV) for providing funds as part of Project AD1810-UPV.Bautista, I.; Oliver Talens, J.; Lidón, A.; Osca Lluch, JM.; Sanjuán Pellicer, MN. (2023). Improving the Chemical Properties of Acid Sulphate Soils from the Casamance River Basin. Land. 12(9):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/land1209169312012

Furrow and Ridge Soil Nitrogen Mineralization in a Surface Irrigated Artichoke Field

[EN] Quantitative knowledge of soil organic nitrogen net mineralization (NNM) in field conditions is crucial to optimize N fertilization of crops. In a field fertilization trial of artichokes 48 PE tubes were inserted to 20 cm depth in the soil in plant row and irrigation furrows and soil samples were periodically taken during two and a half months to determine NNM. A parallel essay with disturbed samples from the same procedence was carried out in the laboratory at 25ºC and 10 kPa soil water tension. Soil sample position (ridge and furrow) did not significantly determined NNM in the laboratory essay. Although NNM (obtained from laboratory incubation and corrected to field soil temperature and moisture monitored during the experimental period) overpredicted measured field NNM, matching of both was better than those reported in other studies. NNM rate for the 76 days period of incubation predicted from lab data was 22.9 kg N/ ha x 0.1 m while corresponding field values corrected by Br- or Cl- mass balance were 10% and 20% lower respectively in ridge position and under 40% lower by either method in furrow position.The research reported in this paper was supported by a fund from CICYT-INIA (project RTA01-117-C2-2)Lidón, A.; Bautista, I.; De La Iglesia, F.; Oliver Talens, J.; Llorca, R.; Cruz-Romero, G. (2006). Furrow and Ridge Soil Nitrogen Mineralization in a Surface Irrigated Artichoke Field. Acta Horticulturae. (700):71-74. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.700.7S717470

Análisis comparativo entre el diseño de pavimento flexible tradicional y el pavimento flexible reforzado con geomallas, Moquegua, 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como principal objetivo evaluar el uso de la geomalla biaxial como refuerzo del pavimento flexible en la subbase aplicado en la Provincia General de Sánchez Cerro, Región Moquegua. El desarrollo de esta investigación demuestra la viabilidad técnica del reforzamiento de un pavimento flexible utilizando geomallas biaxiales. El pavimento flexible propuesto está orientado para ofrecer el servicio sobre un suelo pobremente graduado (SP), según la clasificación SUCS y A-3 mediante clasificación AASHTO con un CBR de 18.1%. El diseño de pavimento está alineado con la norma AASHTO 93, proyectado para 15 años, un ESAL de 2, 105,034. se realizó dos diseños con dos tipos de geomalla de diferente resistencia, la geomalla biaxial Tipo A que es de 20KN y la geomalla Tipo B que es de 30KN, para ambos diseños se hizo mediante el método Geosoft Pavco V 3.0, esto con el fin de determinar los espesores de la base y subbase reforzada con la geomalla, además, se realizó los metrados para cada diseño obtenido con el objetivo de analizar los costos para cada escenario. La metodología utilizada para la investigación es de diseño descriptivo en un grado de manipulación de la variable independiente de presencia – ausencia, además, tiene un enfoque cuantitativo y por la orientación se define como una investigación aplicada. De la comparación realizada entre los tres diseños se obtuvo como resultado que la geomalla Tipo A genera una disminución 33% en la subbase y la geomalla biaxial Tipo B disminuye en un 40%la subbase la estructura del pavimento flexible, por otro lado, los costos se ven reducidos en un 3.4% y 2% respectivamente

Micro intervención urbana para el mejoramiento de escenarios integradores

La finalidad de la investigación está enfocada en mostrar como un escenario integrador es participe clave en el desarrollo de una ciudad y de sus habitantes y la perdida de estos espacios pueden acontecer en problemas graves, mostrar como las micro intervenciones pueden ser en varios aspectos favorables y pueden servir para mejorar estos escenarios integradores para el desarrollo de actividades sociales

Effect of Gadolinium Chloride on Liver Regeneration Following Thioacetamide-Induced Necrosis in Rats

Gadolinium chloride (GD) attenuates drug-induced hepatotoxicity by selectively inactivating Kupffer cells. The effect of GD was studied in reference to postnecrotic liver regeneration induced in rats by thioacetamide (TA). Rats, intravenously pretreated with a single dose of GD (0.1 mmol/Kg), were intraperitoneally injected with TA (6.6 mmol/Kg). Hepatocytes were isolated from rats at 0, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h following TA intoxication, and samples of blood and liver were obtained. Parameters related to liver damage were determined in blood. In order to evaluate the mechanisms involved in the post-necrotic regenerative state, the time course of DNA distribution and ploidy were assayed in isolated hepatocytes. The levels of circulating cytokine TNFα was assayed in serum samples. TNFα was also determined by RT-PCR in liver extracts. The results showed that GD significantly reduced the extent of necrosis. The effect of GD induced noticeable changes in the post-necrotic regeneration, causing an increased percentage of hepatocytes in S phase of the cell cycle. Hepatocytes increased their proliferation as a result of these changes. TNFα expression and serum level were diminished in rats pretreated with GD. Thus, GD pre-treatment reduced TA-induced liver injury and accelerated postnecrotic liver regeneration. No evidence of TNFα implication in this enhancement of hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration was found. These results demonstrate that Kupffer cells are involved in TA-induced liver damage, as well as and also in the postnecrotic proliferative liver states

Evaluación y diseño de los procedimientos de análisis de inserción laboral de los Graduados en información y documentación. El servicio de información sobre empleo (SISE) de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Documentación (UCM)

Proyecto de innovación y mejora de Gestión de la Calidad que pretende reforzar el Sistema de Garantía Interna de Calidad de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Documentación de la UCM, y de un modo específico, el diseño de herramientas e instrumentos para la recogida de información sobre la inserción laboral de los egresados en Documentación

Protectores ante la violencia escolar en contexto dominicano: un modelo explicativo desde la psicología positiva

Some aggressive behaviors of adolescents in schools became a particularly important problem in Latin American and Caribbean region. Specifically, in the Dominican Republic studies report of prevalence   from 21.8 to 33.6 %. The aim of this research is to study if some variables from positive psychology    such as self-concept, dispositional hope, entrepreneurial attitudes, and values can act as protective factors for such violent behaviors. In order to reach our goal, a study on a sample of 117 secondary students was carried out. Assessment tool kit included, together with information on socio-demographic data, the Violent Behaviors on School Scale, the Dispositional Hope Scale, the Self-Concept 5 Scale,    the Entrepreneurial Attitudes Scale for Students, and the Personal Values Questionnaire. To evaluate the relation among the different dimensions, a MIMIC (multiple indicators multiple causes) structure equation model was estimated. Under this good fitting model, hope, entrepreneurial attitudes, personal values  and four dimensions of self-concept successfully predict violent behavior in school approached through    a rough measurement model based on six dimensions. The model results could offer useful information from two perspectives: a) Empirically approaching to the construct school violence with satisfactory factor loadings in this latent variable; b) Identifying predictors of violence, as hope, empathy, risk-taking in context of entrepreneurship, mixed values (combination of individual and collective ones) and family self- concept. Discussion section encourages the need to work through positive psychology variables trying to decrease the presence of violent behavior in schools in the Dominican  Republic.Determinados comportamientos agresivos de los adolescentes preocupan en escuelas de todo el mundo, siendo un problema de especial relevancia en América Latina y región Caribe. En concreto, en la República Dominicana los estudios hablan de prevalencias del 21.8 al 33.6%. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer en qué medida variables como el autoconcepto, la esperanza disposicional, las actitudes emprendedoras y los valores pueden actuar como factores protectores frente a la ocurrencia de dichas conductas violentas. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio en una muestra de 117 estudiantes dominicanos de secundaria. La evaluación incluyó, además de los datos socio-demográficos, escalas de medida de conductas violentas en la escuela, esperanza disposicional, autoconcepto forma 5, actitudes emprendedoras para estudiantes y valores personales. Para evaluar la relación entre las diversas dimensiones, se planteó y estimó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales MIMIC (multiple indicators multiple causes). Bajo este modelo, la esperanza, las actitudes emprendedoras, los valores personales y cuatro dimensiones del autoconcepto predicen con buen ajuste la conducta violenta en la escuela, correctamente aproximada a través de un modelo de medida en seis dimensiones. Los resultados del modelo ofrecen información útil desde dos perspectivas: a) Acercamiento empírico al constructo violencia escolar con saturaciones factoriales satisfactorias para los indicadores de la variable latente o factor; b) Identificación de variables predictoras de la violencia: esperanza, empatía, toma de riesgos en contexto de emprendimiento, valores mixtos (combinación de individual y colectivo) y autoconcepto familiar. En la discusión se recoge la necesidad de trabajar desde la Psicología Positiva las variables halladas más relevantes, para disminuir las conductas violentas en las escuelas de la República Dominicana