149 research outputs found
Corrosion behaviour of WC hardmetals with nickel - based binders
Cobalt is the standard binder in tungsten carbide (WC) hardmetals due to its compatibility with the WC phase, resulting in composites with exceptional hardness and wear resistance. However, their corrosion resistance is not satisfactory in many applications, leading to the early deterioration and failure of tools and equipment.
In this work, the corrosion of WC hardmetals with three alternative binders (FeCoNi, NiCrCoMo and NiCrMo) is compared with a benchmark WC-Co composite, using electrochemical techniques such as open circuit potential (OCP) monitoring, polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), assisted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).publishe
Compositional specification of functionality and timing of manufacturing systems
In this paper, a formal modeling approach is introduced for compositional specification of both functionality and timing of manufacturing systems. Functionality aspects can be considered orthogonally to the timing. The functional aspects are specified using two abstraction levels; high-level activities and lower level actions. Design of a functionally correct controller is possible by looking only at the activity level, abstracting from the different execution orders of actions. Furthermore, the specific timing of actions is not needed. As a result, controller designcan be performed on a much smaller state space compared to an explicit model where timing and actions are present. The performance of the controller can be analyzed and optimizedby taking into account the timing characteristics. Since formal semantics are given in terms of a (max, +) state space, various existing performance analysis techniques can be used. Weillustrate the approach, including performance analysis, on an example manufacturing system
Monitorização de praias e dunas usando fotografia aérea digital com georreferenciação directa
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Linking canonical microcircuits and neuronal activity: Dynamic causal modelling of laminar recordings
Neural models describe brain activity at different scales, ranging from single cells to whole brain networks. Here, we attempt to reconcile models operating at the microscopic (compartmental) and mesoscopic (neural mass) scales to analyse data from microelectrode recordings of intralaminar neural activity. Although these two classes of models operate at different scales, it is relatively straightforward to create neural mass models of ensemble activity that are equipped with priors obtained after fitting data generated by detailed microscopic models. This provides generative (forward) models of measured neuronal responses that retain construct validity in relation to compartmental models. We illustrate our approach using cross spectral responses obtained from V1 during a visual perception paradigm that involved optogenetic manipulation of the basal forebrain. We find that the resulting neural mass model can distinguish between activity in distinct cortical layers – both with and without optogenetic activation – and that cholinergic input appears to enhance (disinhibit) superficial layer activity relative to deep layers. This is particularly interesting from the perspective of predictive coding, where neuromodulators are thought to boost prediction errors that ascend the cortical hierarchy
Morphology and magnetism of multifunctional nanostructured -FeO films: Simulation and experiments
This paper introduces a new approach for simulating magnetic properties of
nanocomposites comprising magnetic particles embedded in a non-magnetic matrix,
taking into account the 3D structure of the system in which particles'
positions correctly mimic real samples. The proposed approach develops a
multistage simulation procedure in which the size and distribution of particles
within the hosting matrix is firstly attained by means of the Cell Dynamic
System (CDS) model. The 3D structure provided by the CDS step is further
employed in a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of zero-field-cooled/field-cooled
(ZFC/FC) and magnetic hysteresis loops ( curves) for the system.
Simulations are aimed to draw a realistic picture of the as-produced ultra-thin
films comprising maghemite nanoparticles dispersed in polyaniline. Comparison
(ZFC/FC and curves) between experiments and simulations regarding
the maximum of the ZFC curve (), remanence () and
coercivity () revealed the great accuracy of the multistage approach
proposed here while providing information about the system's morphology and
magnetic properties. For a typical sample the value we found experimentally for
(54 K) was very close to the value provided by the
simulation (53 K). For the parameters depending on the nanoparticle clustering
the experimental values were consistently lower ( = 0.32 and =
210 Oe) than the values we found in the simulation ( = 0.53 and
= 274 Oe). Indeed, the approach introduced here is very promising for the
design of real magnetic nanocomposite samples with optimized features.Comment: 19 pages (one column), 5 figure
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