Fatores derivados dos laboratórios intra-hospitalares que provocam estresse nos estudantes de enfermagem

Quantitative, correlation cross-sectional study with descriptive analysis, whose objective was to assess the factors derived from the intra-hospitable laboratories that affect the stress appearance in Infirmary students. The sample consisted of 129 students, which voluntarily acceded to answer questionnaires Evaluative Scale de Hamilton for the Anxiety, validated in 2003, and Questionnaire KEZKAK, both adapted by the investigating group. The obtained data was processed through Microsoft Excel program, appearing: the 100% of the students presented Stress. From the manifestations of Stress, the tensional anxiety and insomnia appear with the biggest percentages. From the Stress producing Factors, in Student's competitions: "having errors on its work and harming the patient", and in the Educational "receiving contradictory orders" are the ones that present greater frequency of intensity, being the Educational factor the preponderant in the appearance of stress. One concludes that is necessary to adapt the educational positions of a guardian in the clinical practices given greater emphasis to the support that will have to be lend to student, with the purpose of diminishing stress an favoring the learning.Estudio transversal, cuantitativo, correlacional con análisis descriptivo, cuyo objetivo fue conocer los factores derivados de los laboratorios intrahospitalarios que inciden en la aparición de estrés en 129 estudiantes de Enfermería, que contestaron los cuestionarios Escala Hamilton y KEZKAK. Los datos fueron procesados con el programa Microsoft Excel, según los resultados: el 100% presenta Estrés. Ansiedad, tensión e insomnio, aparecen con mayor porcentaje. Los Factores Competencias del alumno: "cometer errores en su trabajo y perjudicar al paciente", y en Docente: "recibir ordenes contradictorias" son los que presentan mayor frecuencia, siendo el Docente el predominante en la aparición de estrés. Se concluye que es necesario adecuar las tutorías docentes en las prácticas clínicas, dando mayor énfasis al apoyo que deberá prestarse al alumno, con el fin de disminuir el estrés y favorecer el aprendizaje.Estudo transversal, quantitativo, de correlação com análise descritiva, que teve como objetivo conhecer os fatores derivados dos laboratórios intra-hospitalares que incidem na aparição de estresse em 129 estudantes de Enfermagem, que responderam os questionários Escala Hamilton e KEZKAK. Os dados foram processados no programa Microsoft Excel, aparecendo: que 100% apresentam estresse. A ansiedade, tensão e insônia aparecem com maior percentagem. Os Fatores Competências do aluno: "cometer erros no seu trabalho e prejudicar o paciente", e em Docente: "receber ordens contraditórias" são os que apresentam maior freqüência, sendo o Docente o preponderante na aparição do estresse. Conclui-se que é necessário adequar as tutorias docentes às práticas clínicas, dando maior ênfase ao apoio que deverá ser oferecido ao aluno, com a finalidade de diminuir o estresse e favorecer o aprendizado

Comorbidade entre abuso/dependência de drogas e o sofrimento psíquico em sete países da América Latina e um do Caribe

Fue realizado estudio multicéntrico en pacientes bajo tratamento por dependencia de alcohol y substancias ilícitas, en ocho países (Brasil, Chile, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Uruguay). El objetivo fue investigar la frecuencia de distrés psicológico, diagnóstico actual de comorbilidades, y disfuncionalidad familiar percibida. Fueron incluídos 1.073 voluntarios adultos, que diligenciaron un cuestionario o fueron entrevistados. El distrés psicológico y la disfuncionalidad familiar fueron evaluados por escalas (Kessler K-10 y APGAR-family). Hombres predominaron en todos los lugares (edades entre 18 y 86). En la mayoría de los sitios, el diagnóstico actual de ansiedad varió entre 30% y 40% y el de depresión entre 20% y 35%. Niveles altos u muy altos de distrés psícológico fueron reportados por más de 70% en Uruguay, Nicaragua, Guatemala y Brasil. La disfuncionalidad familiar severa fue mayor en Panamá 34.7% seguida de los sitios de Nicaragua 20-25%. La prevalencia de distrés psicológico sugiere niveles altos de comorbilidad. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTA multicenter study among patients in treatment for alcohol and illicit drugs abuse were conducted in eight countries (Brazil, Chile, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Uruguay). Our objective was to ascertain the frequency of psychological distress, current diagnosis of comorbidities and perceived familiar dysfunction. It was recruited 1,073 adult volunteers and they filled out a questionnaire or were interviewed. Psychological distress was evaluated through the Kessler's K-10 scale and family dysfunction by the APGAR-family scale. Male individuals predominated at all study sites (age range: 18-86). Current diagnosis of anxiety ranged from 30.0% to 40.0% in most sites. Current diagnosis of depression ranged from 20% to 35% in most sites. High and very high levels of psychological stress were higher than 70% in Uruguay, Nicaragua, Guatemala, and Brazil. Severe family dysfunction was higher in Panamá 34.7% followed by Nicaraguan cities 20-25%. The prevalence of psychological distress suggests higher rates of comorbidity. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOFoi realizado um estudo multicéntrico em pacientes sob tratamento para dependência de álcool e substâncias ilícitas em oito países (Brasil, Chile, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicarágua, Panamá, Paraguai, Uruguai). O objetivo foi averiguar a frequência de sofrimento psíquico, diagnóstico atual de comorbidades, e disfuncionalidade familiar percebida. Foram incluídos 1.073 voluntários adultos, que preencheram um questionário ou foram entrevistados. O sofrimento psíquico e a disfuncionalidade familiar foram avaliados por escalas (Kessler K-10 e APGAR-family). Os homens predominaram em todos os locais (idades entre 18 e 86). Na maioria dos locais, o diagnóstico atual de ansiedade variou de 30% a 40% e o de depressão, de 20% a 35%. Níveis altos e muito altos de sofrimento psíquico foram relatados por mais de 70% em Uruguai, Nicarágua, Guatemala e Brasil. Disfuncionalidade familiar severa foi maior no Panamá 34,7%, seguida da Nicarágua 20-25%. A prevalencia de sofrimento psíquico sugere níveis mais altos de comorbidade

Changes of right-hemispheric activation after constraint-induced, intensive language action therapy in chronic aphasia: fMRI evidence from auditory semantic processing

The role of the two hemispheres in the neurorehabilitation of language is still under dispute. This study explored the changes in language-evoked brain activation over a 2-week treatment interval with intensive constraint induced aphasia therapy (CIAT), which is also called intensive language action therapy (ILAT). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess brain activation in perilesional left hemispheric and in homotopic right hemispheric areas during passive listening to high and low-ambiguity sentences and non-speech control stimuli in chronic non-fluent aphasia patients. All patients demonstrated significant clinical improvements of language functions after therapy. In an event-related fMRI experiment, a significant increase of BOLD signal was manifest in right inferior frontal and temporal areas. This activation increase was stronger for highly ambiguous sentences than for unambiguous ones. These results suggest that the known language improvements brought about by intensive constraint-induced language action therapy at least in part relies on circuits within the right-hemispheric homologs of left-perisylvian language areas, which are most strongly activated in the processing of semantically complex language

'I couldn't even talk to the patient': barriers to communicating with cancer patients as perceived by nursing students

Communication is closely related to safe practice and patient outcomes. Given that most clinicians fall into routines when communicating with patients, it is important to address communication issues early. This study explores Taiwanese nursing students’ experiences of communication with patients with cancer and their families. Senior nursing students who had cared for cancer patients were recruited to participate in focus group interviews. These semi-structured interviews were recorded and transcribed for content analysis. Among the 45 participants, about 36% of them never received any communication training. Up to 76% of the participants stated that their communication with cancer patients was difficult and caused them emotional stress. Subsequent data analysis revealed four themes: dis-engagement, reluctance, regression, and transition. Students’ negative communication experiences were related to the patients’ terminally ill situation; the students’ lack of training, low self-efficacy and power status, poor emotional regulation, and cultural considerations. The findings of this study provide a deeper understanding of nursing students’ communication experiences in oncology settings within the cultural context. Early and appropriate communication training are necessary to help students regulate their emotions and establish effective communication skills. Further studies are needed to examine the relationship among students’ emotional labor, communication skills and outcomes

Nursing and the resolution of ethical dilemmas

Inherent to Nursing Care, ethical dimension includes having to decide about the dilemmas that arise in practice. Experience shows that generally we do not have a reference and then sufficient training to judge the ethical quality of our decisions and actions, reason why, in this article some methods are introduced that will facilitate this ethical analysis when faced with a conflict or dilemma that warrants it

CROSS DRIVE: A Collaborative Virtual Reality Workplace for Space Science Data Exploitation and Rover Operations Engineering

The CrossDrive Project develops Distributed and Collaborative Infrastructure based on advanced Immersive Virtual Reality tools for the analysis and management of Scientific Data and Operational Activities of planetary spacecraft. The Collaborative Workspace encompasses advanced technological solutions for central storage processing, 3D visualisation and Virtual Presence in Immersive Virtual Reality environments, to support Space Data Analysis and Space Operations. Science objectives are share and correlate Atmospheric data, analysis and simulations based on the actual main Mars’ satellites (MEX and MRO); compare and correlate data for Geology and Geodesy; benchmark satellite and ground based Mars atmospheric measurements