Tras la leche ¿nada eches? Trabajando con mezclas

El estudio de la materia y las mezclas suelen tratarse a través de actividades de lápiz y papel centrados en clasificarlas. Para mejorar su comprensión, en el presente trabajo, se estudiar al mismo tiempo las mezclas y las sustancias. Además, se intenta ubicarlas en la vida real mediante una propuesta de indagación de nutrición. Los resultados muestran que poder tocar y practicar diferentes mezclas a la par que se trabaja con el libro de texto, mejora su comprensión e identificación. Sin embargo, los estudiantes no están acostumbrados a generar hipótesis y extraer conclusiones, lo que dificulta mostrarles procesos de la vida real en los que están implicadas las mezclas

Interés investigador de los maestros de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la provincia de Granada

Uno de los objetivos de la Didáctica de las Ciencias es la detección de problemas y dificultades en su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, para posteriormente aportar soluciones. Para ello es esencial que los educadores conozcan la utilidad de la investigación educativa como proceso metodológico y herramienta para este fin. Se ha analizado, mediante encuesta, una muestra de 70 maestros granadinos de Educación Infantil y Primaria en activo. Esta encuesta constaba de 27 preguntas abiertas y cerradas que han permitido determinar que, a pesar de que estos docentes muestran interés por las revistas de investigación educativa, existe un gran desconocimiento de las mismas y son pocos los que tienen publicaciones en ellas, principalmente por desconocer la metodología para escribirlos. No obstante, el reducido tamaño de muestra impide la extrapolación de resultados

Ethnicity and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in Spain: Results from the Multicenter SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Background: This work aims to analyze clinical outcomes according to ethnic groups in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Spain. (2) Methods: This nationwide, retrospective, multicenter, observational study analyzed hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 in 150 Spanish hospitals (SEMI-COVID-19 Registry) from 1 March 2020 to 31 December 2021. Clinical outcomes were assessed according to ethnicity (Latin Americans, Sub-Saharan Africans, Asians, North Africans, Europeans). The outcomes were in-hospital mortality (IHM), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Associations between ethnic groups and clinical outcomes adjusted for patient characteristics and baseline Charlson Comorbidity Index values and wave were evaluated using logistic regression. (3) Results: Of 23,953 patients (median age 69.5 years, 42.9% women), 7.0% were Latin American, 1.2% were North African, 0.5% were Asian, 0.5% were Sub-Saharan African, and 89.7% were European. Ethnic minority patients were significantly younger than European patients (median (IQR) age 49.1 (40.5-58.9) to 57.1 (44.1-67.1) vs. 71.5 (59.5-81.4) years, p < 0.001). The unadjusted IHM was higher in European (21.6%) versus North African (11.4%), Asian (10.9%), Latin American (7.1%), and Sub-Saharan African (3.2%) patients. After further adjustment, the IHM was lower in Sub-Saharan African (OR 0.28 (0.10-0.79), p = 0.017) versus European patients, while ICU admission rates were higher in Latin American and North African versus European patients (OR (95%CI) 1.37 (1.17-1.60), p < 0.001) and (OR (95%CI) 1.74 (1.26-2.41), p < 0.001). Moreover, Latin American patients were 39% more likely than European patients to use IMV (OR (95%CI) 1.43 (1.21-1.71), p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: The adjusted IHM was similar in all groups except for Sub-Saharan Africans, who had lower IHM. Latin American patients were admitted to the ICU and required IMV more often

Buenas prácticas de la cadena ovino caprina : una experiencia SENA

Dentro de la producción ovina y caprina se tratan en la obra las temáticas de nutrición animal, sanidad animal, control de endo y ectoparásitos, administración ovino caprina, producción ovina y de razas lanares de trópico alto, agroindustria y producción.Nutrición animal para producción ovino caprina / Lascario Artemo Cadavid G. M -- Sanidad animal - Control de endo y ectoparásitos en ovino-caprinos en el Centro Agroempresarial y Acuícola Fonseca - La guajira / Lucelly Carolina Pinto Castrillón; Samuel Enrique Carrillo Amaya -- Administración en la producción ovina / Laura Yolina Mesa Forero; David Eduardo Joya Cárdenas; Fredy Álvaro Sandoval Caicedo; Flor Elva Mesa Rincón -- Aspectos relevantes en la producción ovina y razas lanares de trópico alto / Daniel Fernando Prieto Puentes -- Agroindustria y la producción ovina y caprina / Sofía Imelda Mora-Lamilla; Óscar Eduardo Villarraga Córdoba; Lida Viviana González Morana78 página

Current and Future Niche of North and Central American Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Climate Change Scenarios

Ecological niche models are useful tools to infer potential spatial and temporal distributions in vector species and to measure epidemiological risk for infectious diseases such as the Leishmaniases. The ecological niche of 28 North and Central American sand fly species, including those with epidemiological relevance, can be used to analyze the vector’s ecology and its association with transmission risk, and plan integrated regional vector surveillance and control programs. In this study, we model the environmental requirements of the principal North and Central American phlebotomine species and analyze three niche characteristics over future climate change scenarios: i) potential change in niche breadth, ii) direction and magnitude of niche centroid shifts, iii) shifts in elevation range. Niche identity between confirmed or incriminated Leishmania vector sand flies in Mexico, and human cases were analyzed. Niche models were constructed using sand fly occurrence datapoints from Canada, USA, Mexico, Guatemala and Belize. Nine non-correlated bioclimatic and four topographic data layers were used as niche components using GARP in OpenModeller. Both B2 and A2 climate change scenarios were used with two general circulation models for each scenario (CSIRO and HadCM3), for 2020, 2050 and 2080. There was an increase in niche breadth to 2080 in both scenarios for all species with the exception of Lutzomyia vexator. The principal direction of niche centroid displacement was to the northwest (64%), while the elevation range decreased greatest for tropical, and least for broad-range species. Lutzomyia cruciata is the only epidemiologically important species with high niche identity with that of Leishmania spp. in Mexico. Continued landscape modification in future climate change will provide an increased opportunity for the geographic expansion of NCA sand flys’ ENM and human exposure to vectors of Leishmaniases

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Tras la leche ¿nada eches? Trabajando con mezclas

El estudio de la materia y las mezclas suelen tratarse a través de actividades de lápiz y papel centrados en clasificarlas. Para mejorar su comprensión, en el presente trabajo, se estudiar al mismo tiempo las mezclas y las sustancias. Además, se intenta ubicarlas en la vida real mediante una propuesta de indagación de nutrición. Los resultados muestran que poder tocar y practicar diferentes mezclas a la par que se trabaja con el libro de texto, mejora su comprensión e identificación. Sin embargo, los estudiantes no están acostumbrados a generar hipótesis y extraer conclusiones, lo que dificulta mostrarles procesos de la vida real en los que están implicadas las mezclas

Tras la leche ¿nada eches? Trabajando con mezclas

El estudio de la materia y las mezclas suelen tratarse a través de actividades de lápiz y papel centrados en clasificarlas. Para mejorar su comprensión, en el presente trabajo, se estudiar al mismo tiempo las mezclas y las sustancias. Además, se intenta ubicarlas en la vida real mediante una propuesta de indagación de nutrición. Los resultados muestran que poder tocar y practicar diferentes mezclas a la par que se trabaja con el libro de texto, mejora su comprensión e identificación. Sin embargo, los estudiantes no están acostumbrados a generar hipótesis y extraer conclusiones, lo que dificulta mostrarles procesos de la vida real en los que están implicadas las mezclas

A new record of Azadinium spinosum (Dinoflagellata) from the tropical Mexican Pacific

The species Azadinium spinosum, a small thecate dinoflagellate, originally and recently described from the North Sea, was found for the first time in the tropical Pacific coast of Mexico. Description by light and scanning electron microscopy and abundance data are here provided. The morphology of the species agrees with the original description, including size, shape, presence of posterior spine and tabulation details. Less than 300 cells L-1 were found in one station in the Pacific coast of Mexico. This species has been recognized as a producer of azaspiracid toxins (AZAs) in the North Sea, although no toxin analysis has been made as yet in Mexican waters