Prótesis de pirocarbono en fracturas complejas de cabeza de radio.

Presentamos los resultados de un estudio observacional retrospectivo sobre 23 casos de fracturas complejas de cabeza de radio tratadas mediante la implantación de una prótesis cabeza radio de pircocarbono (Mo - Pyc). La distribución por sexos fue 10 hombres y 13 mujeres, y la edad media de 54 años. El seguimiento medio fue de 70 meses (48-93 meses). La principal causa fue una fractura de cabeza de radio no reconstruible con inestabilidad asociada de codo. La evaluación clínica se realizó con la Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Radiográficamen - te se valoró la congruencia articular, el tamaño de la prótesis, la radiolucencia periprotésica, la osificación heterotópica y la osteoartritis. Al final del seguimiento la media de la escale MEPS fue 82/100, con 84 % resultados de excelentes y buenos. La flexión media fue de 130º, extensión -30º, pronación 76º y supinación 77º. La estabilidad del codo fue buena en todos los casos y no observamos migración proximal del radio. Observamos radiolucencia alrededor del vástago en 5 pacientes, pero sin aparente repercusión clínica. Las complicaciones fueron una paresia del nervio interóseo posterior con recuperación funcional al cabo de 11 semanas, 2 pacientes presentaron "overstuffing" con subluxación posterior asociada que necesitó realizar exéresis de la cabeza y una osificación heterotópica con repercu - sión sobre el balance articular que necesitó 2 cirugías, todos ellos con resultados clínicos aceptables. Los resultados son alentadores.The authors present the results of a retrospective observational study of 23 cases of a complex radial head fractures treated by pyrocarbon radial head prosthesis (MoPyc). This modular radial head prosthesis is compo - sed of a cementless titanium stem and a 15º angulated neck. The gender distribution was 10 men and 13 women, ave - rage age 54 years. The mean follow-up was 70 months (48-93 months). The main etiology was a radial head fracture with elbow instability. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Was assessed radiographically joint congruity, the size of the prosthesis, periprosthetic radiolucency, heterotopic ossifica - tion and osteoarthritis. At follow-up, the MEPS average was 82/100, with 84% of good and excellent results. Elbow flexion averaged 130º, extension -30º, pronation 76º and supination 77º. Elbow stability was good in all the cases, and no proximal migration of the radius occurred. Asymptomatic bone lucencies were found in five cases around the stem. Complications included paresis of the posterior interosseous nerve with functional recovery after 11 weeks, 2 patients had "overstuffing" associated with posterior subluxation and they need to perform excision of the head and one heterotopic ossification with articular impact on balance that needs two surgeries, all of them with acceptable clinical results. The preliminary results are encouragin

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Chloride-selective electrodes based on "two-wall" aryl-extended calix4pyrroles: combining hydrogen bonds and anion-π interactions to achieve optimum performance

The performance of chloride-selective electrodes based on "two-wall" aryl-extended calix4pyrroles and multiwall carbon nanotubes is presented. The calix4pyrrole receptors bear two phenyl groups at opposite meso-positions. When the meso-phenyl groups are decorated with strong electron-withdrawing substituents, attractive anion-π interactions may exist between the receptor's aromatic walls and the sandwiched anion. These anion-π interactions are shown to significantly affect the selectivity of the electrodes. Calix4pyrrole, bearing a π-nitro withdrawing group on each of the meso-phenyl rings, afforded sensors that display anti- Hofmeister behavior against the lipophilic salicylate and nitrate anions. Based on the experimental data, a series of principles that help in predicting the suitability of synthetic receptors for use as anion-specific ionophores is discussed. Finally, the sensors deliver excellent results in the direct detection of chloride in bodily fluids. © 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Deep Cavitand Self-Assembled on Au NPs-MWCNT as Highly Sensitive Benzene Sensing Interface

The unprecedented sensitivity and partial selectivity of quinoxaline-walled thioether-legged deep cavitand functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes toward traces of benzene vapors are presented. The cavitand is grafted onto gold nanoparticle (Au-NP) decorated oxygen plasma treated multiwall carbon nanotubes (O-MWCNT) by a self-assembled monolayer process affording a product referred to as cav-Au-MWCNT. The reported technique is suitable for the mass production of hybrid nanomaterials at low cost. The cav-Au-MWCNT resistive gas sensor operates at room temperature and shows an outstanding performance toward traces of benzene vapors. The detection of 2.5 ppb of benzene in dry air is demonstrated with a limit of detection (LOD) near 600 ppt. For the first time, it is shown that a CNT nanomaterial can effectively sense the extremely harmful benzene molecule with higher sensitivity than toluene or o-xylene at the trace levels. The cavitand is well suited for binding benzene, which, being in close proximity to the MWCNT, affects its density of states (DOS) shifting the Fermi level away from the valence band. The binding of benzene is transduced in a diminution of MWCNT conductance. Furthermore, the inclusion of benzene is fully reversible at room temperature, implying that the sensor can operate at very low power consumption. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p

Anales de Edafología y Agrobiología Tomo 31 Número 3-4

Mineralogía de arcillas de sedimentos cuaternarios de la cuenca del Ebro (Zaragoza). I, por C. Rodríguez-Pascual, E. Martínez Reyes y J. García Vicente.-- Sistemas microbioquímicos constituidos por Thiobacillus thiooxidans, azufre y hierro, por A. Ortuño, A. Hernansáez y M. Parra.-- Extracción y determinación de diversas fracciones ácidas en hojas de citrus, por O. Carpena, F. Costa, S. Navarro y J. M. López.-- Suelos de Sierra Morena occidental. II. Mineralogía de las arcillas, por N. Bellinfante y G. Paneque.-- Mineralogía de tierras pardas sobre rocas graníticas de la región occidental gallega, por M. C. Villar y F. Guitián Ojea.-- Nutrición mineral en prumus. Melocotonero, por L. Egea, O. Carpena y T. Berenguer.-- Absorption and translocation of Na in oats (Avena sativa L.) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), por J. M Pozuelo and Mª R. Felipe.-- Falta de respuesta a la fertilización fosfatada en una tierra negra andaluza con bajo contenido en fósforo total, por P. de Arámbarri.-- Estudio de la acción del ácido húmico sobre la remolacha azucarera utilizando cultivo hidropónico, por Mª P. Sánchez Conde, B. C. Ortega y Mª l. Pérez Brull.-- Evoluciones y relaciones fisiológicas de bioelementos en hoja de prumus persica, por A. Ortuño, M. Parra, A. M. Hernansáez y T. Armero.-- Procesos ele humificación dinámica microbiana y catenas de suelos en la Sierra de Guadarrama, por F. Vellasco de Pedro y J. M. Lozano Calle.-- Compuestos fenólicos en suelos de brezal, por A. Ballester, J. Arines y E. Vieitez.-- Notas.-- Semana de Estudios de la Academia Pontificia de Ciencias ele la Ciudad del Vaticano, sobre: Uso de fertilizantes y su efecto en el rendimiento de la producción, con especial atención a la calidad y economía.-- Nuevos Consejeros del Patronato.-- Representante y coinvestigadores en la C. O. N. I. E.-- VI Reunión del Grupo Español ele Sedimentología.-- Laboratorio de Micromorfología del Suelos.-- II Reunión Nacional de Centros ele Investigación Ganadera del C. S. I. C..-- Congresos y reuniones internacionales.-- Resolución ele los Tribunales del concurso oposición de colaboradores científicos.-- BibliografíaPeer reviewe