Julio - septiembre de 1936: las guerras civiles de Euskadi y Catalunya.

Sin resume

Recent applications on the combination of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Nucleic Acids: Development of Bioresponsive Devices, Carriers and Sensors

The discovery and control of the biological roles mediated by nucleic acids have turned them into a powerful tool for the development of advanced biotechnological materials. Much is the importance of those gene-keeping biomacromolecules that even nanomaterials have succumbed to the claimed benefits of DNA and RNA. Currently, there could be found in the literature a practically intractable number of examples which report the use in combination of nanoparticles with nucleic acids, which demands boundedness. Following this premise, this revision will only cover the most recent and powerful strategies developed to exploit the possibilities of nucleic acids as biotechnological materials when in combination with mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The extensive research done on nucleic acids has significantly incremented the technological possibilities for those biomacromolecules, which could be employed in many different applications; where substrate or sequence recognition or modulation of biological pathways due to its coding role in living cells are the most promising. In the present revision, the chosen counterpart, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, also with unique properties, became a reference material for drug delivery and biomedical applications due to their high biocompatibility and porous structure suitable for hosting and delivering small molecules. Although most of revisions deal with significant advances in the use of nucleic acid and mesoporous silica nanoparticles in biotechnological applications, a rationale classification of those new generation hybrid materials is still uncovered. Along this review there will be covered promising strategies for living cell and biological sensors, DNA-based molecular gates with targeting, transfection or silencing properties which could provide a significant advance of current nanomedicine

Julio - septiembre de 1936: las guerras civiles de Euskadi y Catalunya.

Sin resume

Comparative Study of Quick Lime and CaO as Catalysts of Safflower Oil Transesterification

This work aimed to contrast the performance of quicklime and CaO reagent grade as heterogeneous catalysts for the safflower oil transesterification reaction. Quicklime was characterized by TGA analysis, XRD, atomic absorption, nitrogen physisorption and by Hammett method. In the safflower transesterification reaction, four main variables were studied: addition reagents order, reagents dosage, type of catalyst and methanol-oil molar ratio. The addition reagents order was not found to be determinant on time for reaching equilibrium or maximum methyl esters yield. On the contrary, reagents dosage was found to negatively affect reaction rate and methyl esters yield. It was found that quicklime performs better than CaO and this was ascribed to an increased basicity found in the former. From the results can also be inferred that the use of quicklime as catalyst of the transesterification reaction allows the decrease of the process cost by reducing both, the reaction time and the required amount of alcohol

Photolysis of frozen iodate salts as a source of active iodine in the polar environment

Reactive halogens play a key role in the oxidation capacity of the polar troposphere. However, sources and mechanisms, particularly those involving active iodine, are still poorly understood. In this paper, the photolysis of an atmospherically relevant frozen iodate salt has been experimentally studied using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The samples were generated at low temperatures in the presence of different amounts of water. The IR spectra have confirmed that under near-UV/Vis radiation iodate is efficiently photolyzed. The integrated IR absorption coefficient of the iodate anion on the band at 750 cm¿1 has been measured to be A = 9.5 × 10¿17 cm molec¿1. Using this value, a lower limit of the integrated absorption cross section of iodate, in an ammonium frozen salt, has been estimated for the first time at wavelengths relevant for tropospheric studies (¿ = 1.1 × 10¿20 cm2 nm molec¿1 from 300 to 900 nm). According to this, we suggest that the photolysis of iodate in frozen salt can potentially provide a pathway for the release of active iodine to the polar atmosphere.Peer Reviewe

Organics Substantially Reduce HO2 Uptake Onto Aerosols Containing Transition Metal ions

A HO2 mass accommodation coefficient of α = 0.23 ± 0.07 was measured onto sub-micron copper (II) doped ammonium sulphate aerosols at a relative humidity of 60 ± 3 %, at 293 ± 2 K and at an initial HO2 concentration of ~ 1 × 109 molecule cm-3 using an aerosol flow tube coupled to a sensitive Fluorescence Assay by Gas Expansion (FAGE) HO2 detection system. The effect upon the HO2 uptake coefficient γ of adding different organic species (malonic acid, citric acid, 1,2 diaminoethane, tartronic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and oxalic acid) into the copper (II) doped aerosols was investigated. The HO2 uptake coefficient decreased steadily from the mass accommodation value to γ = 0.008 ± 0.009 when EDTA was added in a one-to-one molar ratio with the copper (II) ions, and to γ = 0.003 ± 0.004 when oxalic acid was added into the aerosol in a ten-to-one molar ratio with the copper (II). EDTA binds strongly to copper (II) ions potentially making them unavailable for catalytic destruction of HO2, and could also be acting as a surfactant or changing the viscosity of the aerosol. The addition of oxalic acid to the aerosol potentially forms low-volatility copper-oxalate complexes that reduce the uptake of HO2 either by changing the viscosity of the aerosol or causing precipitation out of the aerosol forming a coating. It is likely that there is a high enough oxalate to copper (II) ion ratio in many types of atmospheric aerosols to decrease the HO2 uptake coefficient. No observable change in the HO2 uptake coefficient was measured when the other organic species (malonic acid, citric acid, 1,2 diaminoethane and tartronic acid) were added in a ten-to-one molar ratio with the copper (II) ions

On the performance of carbon-based screen-printed electrodes for (in)organic hydroperoxides sensing in rainwater

Hydroperoxides play important roles in atmospheric chemical processes since they act as strong oxidants. This paper details with the modification, characterization and performance of different carbon-based screen-printed electrodes to develop a sensor that allows to analyze organic and inorganic hydroperoxides in atmospheric samples. Commercial electrodes made up of graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide were electrochemically activated and subsequently modified by layer-by-layer method with a conducting polymer of azure-A and electrodeposited platinum nanoparticles. Characterization of modified electrodes was performed by FE-SEM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. Even though all modified carbonaceous substrates enabled the development of competitive electrochemical sensors for (in)organic hydroperoxides detection, carbon nanotubes underlying substrate exhibited the best performances in terms of sensitivity, stability, limit of detection and linear range. This amperometric sensor displayed linear responses to hydroperoxides over 0.081–450 μM with detection limits in the range of 24–558 nM and sensitivity values among 0.0628±1.6E-4 and 0.0112±0.71E-4 μA/μM for the different hydroperoxides herein studied. The developed electrochemical sensor was successfully applied to the analysis of (in)organic hydroperoxides in rainwater samples. Measurements in rainwater were performed in a city located in the East of Spain and collected at two different sites (downtown and suburban area) on two different dates (July and November 2020). The presented results demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of hydroperoxides among a plethora of substances naturally present in rainwater.This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICINN, https://www.ciencia.gob.es/) with grants PID2019-106468RB-I00 and PID2019-108136RB-C32, the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha with grant SBPLY/17/180501/000276/2, and the UCLM groups research grants 2020-GRIN-28857 and 2020-GRIN-28771, all of them cofounded with FEDER funds, EU

OH yields from the CH3CO+O-2 reaction using an internal standard

Laser flash photolysis of CH3C(O)OH at 248 nm was used to create equal zero time yields of CH3CO and OH. The absolute OH yield from the CH3CO + O2 (+M) reaction was determined by following the OH temporal profile using the zero time OH concentration as an internal standard. The OH yield from CH3CO + O2 (+M) was observed to decrease with increasing pressure with an extrapolated zero pressure yield close to unity (1.1 ± 0.2, quoted uncertainties correspond to 95% confidence limits). The results are in quantitative agreement with those obtained from 248 nm acetone photolysis in the presence of O2

Enzymatic preparation of structured triacylglycerides containing γ-linolenic acid

with the addition of molecular sieves (MS) at different addition times (3, 9, 12 and 15 h) and loads (2.5, 5, 10 and 15%, based on the total weight of substrates), the enrichment of GLA from evening primrose oil (EPO) and 1- butanol (BtOH) was improved via Candida rugosa lipase-catalysed esterification reactions. Secondly, the GLAenriched fraction was separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) to be further set to react during the third step in the presence of glycerol and Candida antarctica fraction B (CALB), under different enzyme loadings (5, 10, 15 and 20%, based on the total weight of substrates), temperatures (30, 40, 50 and 60 ◦C) and substrates molar ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1, GLA:glycerol). 60% of STAG containing 49 wt% of GLA were produced by using 15% of CALB at 60 ◦C and a 3:1 molar ratio.Conacyt: Beca no. 328716 UAEMex: Proyecto 3866/2015/PI

¿Evitamos la farmacología? Propuesta de un plan de intervención psicopedagógica para el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad

XXII Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la Facultat de Ciències Humanes i Socials (Any 2017)El diagnóstico de trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) se ha multiplicado en los últimos años (Lozano, 2017; De la Peña, Palacio y Barragán Pérez, 2010; Isorna, 2016), pero a ello se le suma la farmacología como tratamiento. En este artículo se apuesta por una intervención educativa y psicopedagógica frente a un enfoque médico que conlleva una serie de consecuencias adheridas a la medicación. De esta manera, el objetivo principal es dar a conocer una propuesta de plan de intervención psicoeducativa para los y las niñas con TDAH. Asimismo, se expondrá una serie de estrategias, técnicas y recursos para los tres contextos: niño con el trastorno, la familia y el profesorado. Para ello, se ha realizado una adaptación del programa multicomponente (Presentación, Miranda, Siegenthaler y García, 2009), así como de las técnicas y los materiales incluidos en las sesiones. La base fundamental del plan de intervención es la estrecha colaboración, coordinación y participación de todos los agentes implicados. Con respecto a los resultados, se pretenden conseguir los objetivos establecidos del programa atendiendo a las distintas áreas (emocional, conductas, hiperactividad/impulsividad, atención, habilidades sociales, autoconcepto y rendimiento académico, planificación y organización) y a los distintos contextos de intervención para poder favorecer el bienestar personal, psicológico, social, emocional, familiar y educativo de cada niño y niña