Francis Bacon: Of Gardens, Essay 46, aus: Francis Bacon, The Essayes or Counsels, Civill and Morall, of Francis Lo. Verulam, Viscount St. Alban (London: Printed by Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, 1625) (FONTES 18)

Together with 'The Elements of Achitecture' by Henry Wotton (1624), Francis Bacon’s essay 'Of Gardens' (1625, no. 45) constitutes the earliest genuinely significant statement about the Garden and its form and functioning which was both in printed form and in English. Bacon proposes a plan or plot for the “princely garden”, partly in words with verbal prescriptions and partly with a draught or plan with which he gives the dimensions and layout of the garden. A glossary of technical and archaic terms and words is provided, in addition to: (1) a brief discussion of garden literature in England before 1625, (2) a biography of Bacon, (3) a summary bibliography of literature about Bacon and his writings. Full texts are provided of (1) Bacon’s dedication of his Essays in 1625 to the Duke of Buckingham and (2) Bacon’s essay, 'Of Gardens’. (Bacon’s essay, 'Of Building', was the subject of FONTES 16; http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/artdok/volltexte/2008/609/) An anthology of commentaries to Bacon’s 'Of Gardens' provides excerpts from the critical literature in English and German. Also included are extracts from the essay ‘Of Gardens’ in a German translation

Tests of reinforced concrete beams : modulus of elasticity for various mixtures

Thesis (B.S.)--University of Illinois, 1907.Typescript

The New Atlantis

25 p. Note on the e-text: this Renascence Editions text is that of The Internet Wiretap edition, prepared by Kirk Crady from scanner output provided by Internet Wiretap. From Ideal Commonwealths, P.F. Collier & Son, New York. (c)1901 The Colonial Press, expired. This book is in the public domain, released August 1993

Six years in Biscay : comprinsing a personal narrative of the sieges of Bilbao, in June 1835, and Oct. to Dec. 1836, and of, the principal events which ocurred in that city and the Basque provinces, during the years 1830 to 1837

Digitalización. Vitoria-Gasteiz : Archivos y Bibliotecas, Abril 1994Carton

The forms and meanings of grammatical markers support efficient communication

Functionalist accounts of language suggest that forms are paired with meanings in ways that support efficient communication. Previous work on grammatical marking suggests that word forms have lengths that enable efficient production, and work on the semantic typology of the lexicon suggests that word meanings represent efficient partitions of semantic space. Here we establish a theoretical link between these two lines of work and present an information-theoretic analysis that captures how communicative pressures influence both form and meaning. We apply our approach to the grammatical features of number, tense, and evidentiality and show that the approach explains both which systems of feature values are attested across languages and the relative lengths of the forms for those feature values. Our approach shows that general information-theoretic principles can capture variation in both form and meaning across languages

Littoral undersea warfare: a case study in process modelling for functionality and introperability of complex systems

The goal of this investigation is to demonstrate the application of a process modelling approach to architect a System of Systems (SoS) capable of conducting Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) operations projecting to the year 2025. Process modelling is a methodology for architectural analysis for complex systems whose operation is characterised by ‘processes’ whose sequential execution may be scaled-up to understand overall system behaviour. It is ideally suited to address complexity and interoperability issues of an ASW SoS. New contributions of this work include the successful implementation of a process modelling approach to architect an ASW SoS and a cohesive set of results analysing its operation with future projections to the year 2025. We believe this work may serve as a foundation for future systems engineering research addressing interoperability and performance of complex systems whose function is closely tied to time-dependent processes, with particular application to military and security systems

Challenges we just couldn’t IgG-nore: Case studies of process optimization for next- generation, highly engineered multispecifics

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Source-lens clustering effects on the skewness of the lensing convergence

The correlation between source galaxies and lensing potentials causes a systematic effect on measurements of cosmic shear statistics, known as the source-lens clustering (SLC) effect. The SLC effect on the skewness of lensing convergence, $S_3$, is examined using a nonlinear semi-analytic approach and is checked against numerical simulations. The semi-analytic calculations have been performed in a wide variety of generic models for the redshift distribution of source galaxies and power-law models for the bias parameter between the galaxy and dark matter distributions. The semi-analytic predictions are tested successfully against numerical simulations. We find the relative amplitude of the SLC effect on $S_3$ to be of the order of five to forty per cent. It depends significantly on the redshift distribution of sources and on the way the bias parameter evolves. We discuss possible measurement strategies to minimize the SLC effects.Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Rest-frame UV line emission from the intergalactic medium at 2<z<5

Rest-frame UV emission lines offer the possibility to directly image the gas around high-redshift galaxies with upcoming optical instruments. We use a suite of large, hydrodynamical simulations to predict the nature and detectability of emission lines from the intergalactic medium at 2<z<5. The brightest emission comes from HI Ly-alpha and the strongest metal line, CIII, is about an order of magnitude fainter, although HI Ly-alpha may be fainter if the gas is self-shielded to the UV background or if dust is important. The highest surface brightness regions for CIV, SiIII, SiIV and OVI are fainter than CIII by factors of a few. The NV and NeVIII lines, as well as HeII H-alpha, are substantially weaker but their maximum surface brightnesses still exceed 100 photon/cm^2/s/sr at z=2 (for 2" pixels). Lower ionisation lines arise in denser and colder gas that produces clumpier emission. The brightest HI Ly-alpha emission arises in highly overdense gas, but the highest surface brightness emission from high-ionisation metal lines traces a wider range of overdensities. Bright metal-line emission traces gas with temperatures close to the peak of the corresponding emissivity curve. While HI Ly-alpha, HeII H-alpha, CIII, SiIII, and SiIV are excellent probes of cold accretion flows and the colder parts of outflows, CIV, NV, OVI, and NeVIII are powerful tracers of the diffuse WHIM and galactic winds. A comparison of results from simulations with varying physical prescriptions demonstrates that the predictions for the brighter metal-line emission are robust to within factors of a few. Several emission lines from the high-redshift IGM will become detectable in the near future, possibly starting with the Cosmic Web Imager on Palomar. MUSE and the Keck Cosmic Web Imager have the potential to revolutionise studies of the interactions between high-redshift galaxies and their environment. (Abridged)Comment: 21 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication by MNRA