A high accuracy computed water line list

A computed list of H$_{2}$$^{16}$O infra-red transition frequencies and intensities is presented. The list, BT2, was produced using a discrete variable representation two-step approach for solving the rotation-vibration nuclear motions. It is the most complete water line list in existence, comprising over 500 million transitions (65% more than any other list) and it is also the most accurate (over 90% of all known experimental energy levels are within 0.3 cm$^{-1}$ of the BT2 values). Its accuracy has been confirmed by extensive testing against astronomical and laboratory data. The line list has been used to identify individual water lines in a variety of objects including: comets, sunspots, a brown dwarf and the nova-like object V838 Mon. Comparison of the observed intensities with those generated by BT2 enables physical values to be derived for these objects. The line list can also be used to provide an opacity for models of the atmospheres of M-dwarf stars and assign previously unknown water lines in laboratory spectra.Comment: 8 Pages, zero figures. Submitted to MNRAS. On line data at: ftp://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/cats/VI/11

Confirming a predicted selection rule in inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy: the quantum translator-rotator H2 entrapped inside C60

We report an inelastic neutron scattering (INS) study of H2 molecule encapsulated inside the fullerene C60 which confirms the recently predicted selection rule, the first to be established for the INS spectroscopy of aperiodic, discrete molecular compounds. Several transitions from the ground state of para-H2 to certain excited translation-rotation states, forbidden according to the selection rule, are systematically absent from the INS spectra, thus validating the selection rule with a high degree of confidence. Its confirmation sets a precedent, as it runs counter to the widely held view that the INS spectroscopy of molecular compounds is not subject to any selection rules

Dynamics of a stochastic excitable system with slowly adapting feedback

We study an excitable active rotator with slowly adapting nonlinear feedback and noise. Depending on the adaptation and the noise level, this system may display noise-induced spiking, noise-perturbed oscillations, or stochastic busting. We show how the system exhibits transitions between these dynamical regimes, as well as how one can enhance or suppress the coherence resonance, or effectively control the features of the stochastic bursting. The setup can be considered as a paradigmatic model for a neuron with a slow recovery variable or, more generally, as an excitable system under the influence of a nonlinear control mechanism. We employ a multiple timescale approach that combines the classical adiabatic elimination with averaging of rapid oscillations and stochastic averaging of noise-induced fluctuations by a corresponding stationary Fokker-Planck equation. This allows us to perform a numerical bifurcation analysis of a reduced slow system and to determine the parameter regions associated with different types of dynamics. In particular, we demonstrate the existence of a region of bistability, where the noise-induced switching between a stationary and an oscillatory regime gives rise to stochastic bursting

Foliar epidermis morphology in Quercus (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus) in Iran

The foliar morphology of trichomes, epicuticular waxes and stomata in Quercus cedrorum, Q. infectoria subsp. boissieri, Q. komarovii, Q. longipes, Q. macranthera, Q. petraea subsp. iberica and Q. robur subsp. pedunculiflora were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The trichomes are mainly present on abaxial leaf surface in most species, but rarely they appear on adaxial surface. Five trichome types are identified as simple uniseriate, bulbous, solitary, fasciculate and stellate. The stomata of all studied species are of the anomocytic type, raised on the epidermis. The stomata rim may or may not be covered with epicuticular. The epicuticular waxes are mostly of the crystalloid type but smooth layer wax is observed in Q. robur subsp. pedunculiflora. Statistical analysis revealed foliar micromorphological features as been diagnostic characters in Quercus

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Calibration of routine dosimeters in radiation processing: Validation procedure for in-plant calibration

The essential prerequisite of radiation dosimetry is to provide quality assurance and documentation that the irradiation procedure has been carried out according to the specification requirement of correct calibration of the chosen dosimetry system. At the Radiation Plant of the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences we compared two recommended protocols of irradiation procedures in the calibration of dosimetry systems in radiation processing: (1) by irradiation of routine dosimeters (ethanol-chlorobenzene - ECB) at the calibration laboratory and (2), by in-plant calibration with alanine transfer - dosimeters. The critical point for in-plant calibration is irradiation geometry, so we carefully positioned the phantom carrying both dosimeters in order to minimize dose gradients across the sample. The analysis of results obtained showed that the difference among determined absorbed doses for the construction of calibration curves between these two methods, (alanine vs. ECB), is less than 1%. The difference in combined standard uncertainty for each calibration procedure is 0.1%. These results demonstrate that our in-plant calibration is as good as calibration by irradiation at the calibration laboratory and validates our placement of the irradiation phantom during irradiation

Three-dimensional high dose rate dosimetry of pulsed electron beams: The combined radiochromic film and calorimetric measurments

We present an evaluation of the precision and accuracy of image-based radiochromic film dosimetry. A stack of radiochromic film FWT-60 was used to map a radiation field produced by an electron pulse from a Febetron 707 accelerator (dose rate around 5•1011Gy/s; maximum dose around 160 kGy). The three-dimensional dose distribution was obtained by a He-Nescanning-laser microdensitometer and using image segmentation and correction for non-linear response of films. Calorimetry and electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry were used to verify the results obtained with a FWT-60 film

Imaging cellular markers of neuroinflammation in the brain of the rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurological disorder affecting upper and lower motoneurons. Since immune disbalance is known to be an important manifestation of the disease, working with the familial ALS rat model, hSODG93A (containing multiple copies of the human SOD1 G93A mutation), we were particularly interested in following by live magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the immune cells labeled by ultra small paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles. In addition, microglial activation was studied by immunocytochemistry. MRI of USPIO labeled Tcells revealed CD4+ lymphocyte infiltration in the midbraininterbrain region while the CD8+ cells were more confined to the brainstem region. By way of gadolinium (Gd) contrast it was also confirmed that the bloodbrain barrier (BBB) was compromised. Moreover, it was revealed that the regions of BBB breakthrough were congruent with the MRI foci of Tcell infiltration. Immunocytochemistry revealed microglial activation and fusion, possibly phagocytic interactions with neurons in the hippocampus and brainstem. These observations prove the existence of an elaborate inflammatory process in the brain of hSODG93A rats, and also demonstrates the complexity and multifocality of ALS as having its inflammatory manifestations also in the central nervous system (hippocampus) distinct from clinically described motor foci of degeneration