ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries

This review summarizes the last decade of work by the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium, a global alliance of over 1400 scientists across 43 countries, studying the human brain in health and disease. Building on large-scale genetic studies that discovered the first robustly replicated genetic loci associated with brain metrics, ENIGMA has diversified into over 50 working groups (WGs), pooling worldwide data and expertise to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and genetics. Most ENIGMA WGs focus on specific psychiatric and neurological conditions, other WGs study normal variation due to sex and gender differences, or development and aging; still other WGs develop methodological pipelines and tools to facilitate harmonized analyses of "big data" (i.e., genetic and epigenetic data, multimodal MRI, and electroencephalography data). These international efforts have yielded the largest neuroimaging studies to date in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. More recent ENIGMA WGs have formed to study anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behavior, sleep and insomnia, eating disorders, irritability, brain injury, antisocial personality and conduct disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. Here, we summarize the first decade of ENIGMA's activities and ongoing projects, and describe the successes and challenges encountered along the way. We highlight the advantages of collaborative large-scale coordinated data analyses for testing reproducibility and robustness of findings, offering the opportunity to identify brain systems involved in clinical syndromes across diverse samples and associated genetic, environmental, demographic, cognitive, and psychosocial factors

Search for jet extinction in the inclusive jet-pT spectrum from proton-proton collisions at s=8 TeV

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published articles title, journal citation, and DOI.The first search at the LHC for the extinction of QCD jet production is presented, using data collected with the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 10.7  fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The extinction model studied in this analysis is motivated by the search for signatures of strong gravity at the TeV scale (terascale gravity) and assumes the existence of string couplings in the strong-coupling limit. In this limit, the string model predicts the suppression of all high-transverse-momentum standard model processes, including jet production, beyond a certain energy scale. To test this prediction, the measured transverse-momentum spectrum is compared to the theoretical prediction of the standard model. No significant deficit of events is found at high transverse momentum. A 95% confidence level lower limit of 3.3 TeV is set on the extinction mass scale

Searches for electroweak neutralino and chargino production in channels with Higgs, Z, and W bosons in pp collisions at 8 TeV

Searches for supersymmetry (SUSY) are presented based on the electroweak pair production of neutralinos and charginos, leading to decay channels with Higgs, Z, and W bosons and undetected lightest SUSY particles (LSPs). The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of about 19.5 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV collected in 2012 with the CMS detector at the LHC. The main emphasis is neutralino pair production in which each neutralino decays either to a Higgs boson (h) and an LSP or to a Z boson and an LSP, leading to hh, hZ, and ZZ states with missing transverse energy (E-T(miss)). A second aspect is chargino-neutralino pair production, leading to hW states with E-T(miss). The decays of a Higgs boson to a bottom-quark pair, to a photon pair, and to final states with leptons are considered in conjunction with hadronic and leptonic decay modes of the Z and W bosons. No evidence is found for supersymmetric particles, and 95% confidence level upper limits are evaluated for the respective pair production cross sections and for neutralino and chargino mass values

Fontes e metodos de aplicacao de fosforo na cultura do melao.

Em Petrolina, PE, foi realizado um estudo com a cultura do melao (Cucumis melo L.), cultivar Valenciano Amarelo, num Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de fontes de fosforo aplicadas convencionalmente (em fundacao) e via agua de irrigacao. O experimento consistiu de cinco tratamentos: 1. superfosfato simpes; 2. MAP (fosfato monoamonico), aplicados pelo metodo convencional (em fundacao); 3. MAP aplicado ate 15 dias apos a germinacao; 4. MAP aplicado ate 30 dias apos a germinacao e 5. MAP aplicado ate 42 dias apos a germinacao. Nos tratamentos 3, 4 e 5 o MAP foi aplicado via agua de irrigacao. Os tratamentos receberam a mesma dosagem de fosforo (120 kg/ha de P2O5), conforme recomendado pela analise de solo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repeticoes. Constatou-se que as maiores produtividades de frutos comerciais foram obtidas com MAP (27,42 t/ha) e com superfosfato simples (25,96 t/ha) aplicados pelo metodo convencional, nao diferindo do MAP aplicado via agua de irrigacao ate 30 e 42 dias apos a germinacao, mas superando a produtividade de 19,47 t/ha obtida com o MAP aplicado via agua de irrigacao ate 15 dias apos a germinacao. Verificou-se que as fontes de fosforo e os modos de aplicacao nao influenciaram no peso medio dos frutos (1,86 kg/fruto) - 89,40% dos frutos obtidos enquadraram-se nos tipos 6 e 8 - e no teor de solidos soluveis nos frutos por ocasiao da colheita, cujos valores oscilaram entre 12,75 e 13,17 Brix.Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T11:55:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pab97262.pdf: 76094 bytes, checksum: b4eee01250d7494a8dcb532eebb2a4e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-01-051999Notas Cientifica

Niveis de nitrogenio por fertirrigacao e densidade de plantio na cultura do melao em um vertissolo.

O trabalho constou de um experimento com melao (Cucumis melo L.), conduzido em um Vertissolo, em Juazeiro, BA, em 1995, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de niveis de N por fertirrigacao e de densidades de plantio na produtividade e qualidade de fruto. os niveis de N foram 0, 80, 130 e 180 kg/ha, combinados com os espacamentos 2,00 e 1,80 entre linhas e 0,20 m entre plantas, com uma ou duas plantas por cova. A fonte de N foi a ureia, aplicada diariamente ate 42 dias apos a germinacao, por meio da irrigacao por gotejamento. Todos os tratamentos receberam uma adubacao uniforme de 120 kg/ha de P2 )5 e 120 kg/ha de K2O. Os espacamentos entre linhas nao causaram diferencas significativas em nenhuma variavel estudada. O nivel de 80 kg/ha de N combinado com uma planta por cova proporcionou uma produtividade de 34,07 t/ha, com 55,7% de frutos proprios para o mercado interno, nao-significativamente P <-0,05) inferior a produtividade obtida com os niveis mais elevados de N em qualquer combinacao. Com este mesmo nivel, obtiveram-se frutos com 10,22.Brix significativamente (P<-0,005) superior ao tratamento sem N e nao-significativamente inferior ao dos outros niveis. Para se obter uma maior parte de frutos proprios para o mercado externo, foi necessario elevar a densidade para duas plantas por cova e o nivel de N para 130 ou 180 kg/ha. O peso medio dos frutos aumentou de 1,008 para 1,705 kg, a medida que foram aumentados os niveis de N ou se diminuiu a densidade de plantio de duas para uma planta por cova.Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T11:57:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pab98094.pdf: 25663 bytes, checksum: b1671900e9bb2fd924dc0767e99745c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-04-27200