Pinteiros cobertos - estufas para a redução da síndrome ascítica em frangos de corte.

bitstream/item/58545/1/CUsersPiazzonDocuments216.pd

Avaliação dos efeitos do álcool e cafeína na carcinogênese pancreática induzida por 7, 12 dimetilbenzentraceno (DMBA) : modelo experimental em camundongos

18

Responding to COVID‐19 through Surveys of Public Servants

Responding to COVID‐19 presents unprecedented challenges for public sector practitioners. Addressing those challenges requires knowledge about the problems that public sector workers face. This Viewpoint essay argues that timely, up‐to‐date surveys of public sector workers are essential tools for identifying problems, resolving bottlenecks, and enabling public sector workers to operate effectively during and in response to the challenges posed by the pandemic. This essay presents the COVID‐19 Survey of Public Servants, which is currently being rolled out in several countries by the Global Survey of Public Servants Consortium to assist governments in strategically compiling evidence to operate effectively during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Recent changes in the surface salinity of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre

Sea surface salinity (SSS) was measured since 1896 along 60°N between Greenland and the North Sea and since 1993 between Iceland and Newfoundland. Along 60°N away from the shelves, and north of 53°N, the amplitude of the seasonal cycle is comparable to or less than interannual variability. In these parts of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre, large-scale deviations from the seasonal cycle correlate from one season to the next. This suggests that in these regions, summer and autumn surface data are useful for monitoring changes in upper ocean salinity best diagnosed from less common winter surface data. Further south near the subarctic front, the Labrador Current or near shelves where seasonal variability is strong, this is not the case. Along 60°N, the multiannual low-frequency variability is well correlated across the basin and exhibits fresher surface water since the mid 1970s than in the late 1920s to 1960s. SSS in the Irminger Sea along 60°N lags by 1-year SSS farther east in the Iceland Basin. Variability between Iceland and Newfoundland within the Irminger Sea north of 54°N presents similar characteristics to what is observed along 60°N. Variability near the northwest corner of the North Atlantic Current (52°N/45°W) is larger and is not correlated to what is found further north. Maps of SSS were constructed for a few recent seasons between July 1996 and June 2000, which illustrate the fresh conditions found usually during that period across the whole North Atlantic subpolar gyre, although this includes an episode of higher salinity. The SSS anomaly maps have large uncertainties but suggest that the highest SSS occurred before the spring of 1998 in the Iceland Basin, and after that, in the Irminger Sea. This is followed by fresher conditions, first in the Labrador and Iceland Basin, reaching recently the Irminger Sea

Modelo de carcinogenese pancreática induzida por 7-12 dimetilbenzantraceno (DMBA) em camundongos

13

Pancreatic resections : experience of the pancreato-biliary group at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil, between 2000 and 2003

Este trabalho apresenta a experiência de 20 ressecções pancreáticas e tem como objetivo principal ressaltar a importância dos centros de referência para doenças de tratamento cirúrgico complexo, como é o caso dos portadores de neoplasia da confluência biliopancreática. De 60 doentes com neoplasia biliopancreática tratados no período de janeiro de 2000 a janeiro de 2003, 20 foram submetidos a ressecção: 16 a duodenopancreatectomia, três a ressecção corpo-caudal e um a ressecção da papila de Vater. As complicações mais freqüentes foram: cinco fístulas pancreáticas, sete abscessos intra-abdominais e oito infecções do aparelho respiratório. A mortalidade foi de 0%. Nos Estados Unidos, em hospitais com pequena experiência, nos anos de 1984 a 1991, a mortalidade foi de 21,8%; já em centros de referência, foi de 4%. Em série anterior do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, referente ao período de 1988 a 1999, a mortalidade foi de 20%. A presente série confirma a experiência internacional: o resultado das ressecções pancreáticas é melhor em centros de referência. A indicação da cirurgia, os cuidados pré e pós-operatórios e a experiência de uma equipe que realiza o procedimento no mínimo de 10 a 15 vezes por ano são fundamentais para a obtenção de bons resultados, com a gradativa diminuição do tempo de internação e dos custos hospitalares.This paper presents the experience of 20 pancreatic resections. The main purpose of the study was to emphasize the importance of high-volume hospitals to improve results with complex surgery procedures such as pancreaticoduodenectomies. Out of 60 patients with periampullary neoplasia treated from January 2000 to January 2003, 20 underwent resections: 16 pancreaticoduodenectomies, three body and tail pancreatectomies, and one local excision of the Vater’s ampulla. The most frequent complications were five pancreatic fistulae, seven intra-abdominal abscesses and eight respiratory tract infections. In this series, mortality was 0%. In previous studies carried out in the United States (1984 to 1991), mortality has been reported to reach21.8% in minimal-volume hospitals, against 4% in high-volume hospitals. In addition, in a previous series from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (1988 to 1999), mortality was 20%. The experience described in this study confirms that pancreatic resections have better results when performed in high-volume centers. The correct indication of surgery, pre and postoperative care and the experience of a surgical staff that carries out at least 10 to 15 resections per year, are of paramount importance for obtaining good results, with a gradual decrease in hospital stay and related costs

Análise de colecistectomias videolaparoscópicas no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre

OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the treatment of choice for cholelithiasis. Our objective was to assess the results of LC in comparison with previous data published in 1994.PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1992 to 1999, 2,300 patients were submitted to surgery at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. The medical records of 1,540 of these patients were assessed retrospectively. The variables evaluated were preoperative diagnosis, duration of hospital stay and of surgery, intra- and postoperative complications, conversion rate to open surgery, and anatomicopathological examination of the gallbladder.RESULTS: The most common preoperative diagnosis was of symptomatic gallstones (92%); the average hospital stay was of 3.6 ± 6 days (median of 2 days); the average duration of surgery was of 89.5 ± 38 minutes; the most frequent intraoperative complications were gallbladder rupture (7.3%), calculi in peritoneum (0.8%), and iatrogenic bile duct injury (0.2%); and the postoperative complications reported were wound infection (1.3%), retained stones (0.6%), and biliary peritonitis (0.5%). The conversion rate to open procedure was of 2.5%, and reoperation was necessary in 1.8% of cases. There was only one death (0.06%).CONCLUSION: In comparison to data from a previous experience, there has been an improvement in LC results, but additional technical improvements can still be made. OBJETIVO: A colecistectomia videolaparoscópica (CVL) é o tratamento preferencial da colelitíase. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar os resultados da CVL comparando com a experiência inicial relatada em 1994.PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: De 1992 a 1999 foram operados 2.300 pacientes no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Deste total foram revisados retrospectivamente 1.540 prontuários. As variáveis analisadas foram a indicação cirúrgica, o tempo de internação hospitalar e cirúrgico, as complicações trans e pós-operatórias, a taxa de conversão para cirurgia aberta e o exame anatomopatológico da vesícula biliar.RESULTADOS: A principal indicação de cirurgia foi a colelitíase sintomática (92%). O tempo de internação hospitalar foi 3,6 ± 6 dias e a mediana de 2 dias e o tempo cirúrgico médio de 89,5 ± 38 minutos. As principais complicações intra-operatórias foram a perfuração da vesícula biliar (7,3%), a queda de cálculos na cavidade (0,8%) e lesão iatrogênica de via biliar (0,2%). No pós-operatório, as complicações mais freqüentes foram a infecção de ferida operatória (1,3%), a coledocolitíase residual (0,6%) e o coleperitônio (0,5%). A taxa de conversão foi de 2,5% e de reoperação de 1,8%. Houve apenas um óbito (0,06%).CONCLUSÕES: Em relação à experiência inicial, a CVL evoluiu muito, mas ainda pode ser aprimorada tecnicamente. &nbsp

Rapid switches in subpolar North Atlantic hydrography and climate during the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e)

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 27 (2012): PA2207, doi:10.1029/2011PA002244.At the peak of the previous interglacial period, North Atlantic and subpolar climate shared many features in common with projections of our future climate, including warmer-than-present conditions and a diminished Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). Here we portray changes in North Atlantic hydrography linked with Greenland climate during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e using (sub)centennially sampled records of planktonic foraminiferal isotopes and assemblage counts and ice-rafted debris counts, as well as modern analog technique and Mg/Ca-based paleothermometry. We use the core MD03-2664 recovered from a high accumulation rate site (∼34 cm/kyr) on the Eirik sediment drift (57°26.34′N, 48°36.35′W). The results indicate that surface waters off southern Greenland were ∼3–5°C warmer than today during early MIS 5e. These anomalously warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) prevailed until the isotopic peak of MIS 5e when they were interrupted by a cooling event beginning at ∼126 kyr BP. This interglacial cooling event is followed by a gradual warming with SSTs subsequently plateauing just below early MIS 5e values. A planktonic δ18O minimum during the cooling event indicates that marked freshening of the surface waters accompanied the cooling. We suggest that switches in the subpolar gyre hydrography occurred during a warmer climate, involving regional changes in freshwater fluxes/balance and East Greenland Current influence in the study area. The nature of these hydrographic transitions suggests that they are most likely related to large-scale circulation dynamics, potentially amplified by GIS meltwater influences.This work is a contribution of the European Science Foundation EuroMARC program, through the AMOCINT project, funded through grants from the Research Council of Norway (RCN) and contributes to EU-FP7 IP Past4Future. N. Irvalı was additionally funded by an ESF EUROCORES Short-term Visit grant and a RCN Leiv Eiriksson mobility grant to support research stays at the University of Edinburgh, UK, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA, respectively, during which parts of the data for this paper were acquired. U. Ninnemann was funded by a University of Bergen Meltzer research grant.2012-11-1

Heterogeneous 2.5D integration on through silicon interposer

© 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. Driven by the need to reduce the power consumption of mobile devices, and servers/data centers, and yet continue to deliver improved performance and experience by the end consumer of digital data, the semiconductor industry is looking for new technologies for manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs). In this quest, power consumed in transferring data over copper interconnects is a sizeable portion that needs to be addressed now and continuing over the next few decades. 2.5D Through-Si-Interposer (TSI) is a strong candidate to deliver improved performance while consuming lower power than in previous generations of servers/data centers and mobile devices. These low-power/high-performance advantages are realized through achievement of high interconnect densities on the TSI (higher than ever seen on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) or organic substrates), and enabling heterogeneous integration on the TSI platform where individual ICs are assembled at close proximity