Learnability and Issues

Have you noticed that we, English language instructors, have currently been teaching our students topical issues as well as relevant skills via English rather than English itself purely? Why does it work more efficiently than teaching the language itself? Two constituent aspects are: appealing to the all-human values, which, by default, exist inside everyone, and providing the sheltering opportunity for the students to be concealed at the rear of the language. Students plunge into relevant and applicable enviroment of topics where they feel in tune with the times. The other benefit is the elements of escapism from the responsibility of learning the strict rules of grammar, for instance, and drilling them in multiple exercises. Thus, they acquire new information together with learning both life skills and language skills. These two merge into one in the 21st century, i.e. learnability

Crystal Lake Soil Conservation Project

Non-Peer Reviewe

The importance of northern peatlands in global carbon systems during the Holocene

We applied an inverse model to simulate global carbon (C) cycle dynamics during the Holocene period using atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations reconstructed from Antarctic ice cores and prescribed C accumulation rates of Northern Peatlands (NP) as inputs. Previous studies indicated that different sources could contribute to the 20 parts per million by volume (ppmv) atmospheric CO2 increase over the past 8000 years. These sources of C include terrestrial release of 40–200 petagram C (PgC, 1 petagram=1015 gram), deep oceanic adjustment to a 500 PgC terrestrial biomass buildup early in this interglacial period, and anthropogenic land-use and land-cover changes of unknown magnitudes. Our study shows that the prescribed peatland C accumulation significantly modifies our previous understanding of Holocene C cycle dynamics. If the buildup of the NP is considered, the terrestrial pool becomes the C sink of about 160–280 PgC over the past 8000 years, and the only C source for the terrestrial and atmospheric C increases is presumably from the deep ocean due to calcium carbonate compensation. Future studies need to be conducted to constrain the basal times and growth rates of the NP C accumulation in the Holocene. These research endeavors are challenging because they need a dynamically-coupled peatland simulator to be constrained with the initiation time and reconstructed C reservoir of the NP. Our results also suggest that the huge reservoir of deep ocean C explains the major variability of the glacial-interglacial C cycle dynamics without considering the anthropogenic C perturbation

Edgewaves on a gently sloping continental shelf of finite width

The proper ties of free unattenuated long waves of small amplitude that travel parallel to the coast over a bottom topography consisting of a gently sloping shelf of finite width that drops off vertically to deep water of constant depth are investigated

Effects of deep-sea stratification and current on edgewaves

The effects of deep-sea density stratification and longshore current on trapped edgewaves traveling over a sloping continental shelf that drops off vertically to deep water of constant depth are investigated. The stratification is idealized with a two-layer model, and the current is assumed to be confined to the deep-sea region and to the upper layer of fluid...

A model study of the Little Ice Age and beyond: changes in ocean heat content, hydrography and circulation since 1500

The Earth System Climate Model from the University of Victoria is used to investigate changes in ocean properties such as heat content, temperature, salinity, density and circulation during 1500 to 2000, the time period which includes the Little Ice Age (LIA) (1500-1850) and the industrial era (1850-2000). We force the model with two different wind-stress fields which take into account the North Atlantic Oscillation. Furthermore, temporally varying radiative forcings due to volcanic activity, insolation changes and greenhouse gas changes are also implemented. We find that changes in the upper ocean (0-300m) heat content are mainly driven by changes in radiative forcing, except in the polar regions where the varying wind-stress induces changes in ocean heat content. In the full ocean (0-3,000m) the wind-driven effects tend to reduce, prior to 1700, the downward trend in the ocean heat content caused by the radiative forcing. Afterwards no dynamical effect is visible. The colder ocean temperatures in the top 600m during the LIA are caused by changes in radiative forcing, while the cooling at the bottom is wind-driven. The changes in salinity are small except in the Arctic Ocean. The reduced salinity content in the subsurface Arctic Ocean during the LIA is a result from reduced wind-driven inflow of saline water from the North Atlantic. At the surface of the Arctic Ocean the changes in salinity are caused by changes in sea-ice thickness. The changes in density are a composite picture of the temperature and salinity changes. Furthermore, changes in the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) are caused mainly by a varying wind-stress forcing; the additional buoyancy driven changes due to the radiative forcings are small. The simulated MOC is reduced during the LIA as compared to the industrial era. On the other hand, the ventilation rate in the Southern Ocean is increased during the LI

The principal : a reflective essay

As I think of the principal my mind takes me back to my early school days. As a young student one of my earliest encounters with a principal was on a disciplinary matter. Even though the incident must have been in first or second grade I still clearly remember it to this day. Hence, one of my first encounters with a principal was a negative one. Due to the nature of the job, disciplinarian is one of the roles of the principal that I now understand. This incident causes me to consider that as a principal I will never know how my actions and reactions will impact or affect someone, perhaps for years to come

On the theory of continental shelf waves

This paper considers the response of the sea surface to a low-frequency long-wavelength plane-wave pressure distribution that progresses eastward across a large circular continent having a narrow sloping shelf that drops off vertically to a flat ocean basin...

EFFECTIVENESS OF ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY AT TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT BREAST TUMORS IN BITCHES

У статті представлено результати моніторингових досліджень клінічного стану та виживання сук з неоплазіями молочної залози за проведення мастектомії як монотерапії, а також за застосування комплексного способу лікування – ексцизії пухлин та адювантної хіміотерапії. Встановлено, що за умови поєднання хірургічного видалення пухлин та хіміотерапії за схемою CVD (циклофосфан-вінкристин-дексаметазон) за лікування сук іззлоякісними пухлинами молочної залози вдається досягти не тільки ремісії захворювання на період до 18 місяців, а й покращення якості їх життя. Встановлено також, що виконання шести курсів ад’ювантної хіміотерапії за схемою CVD у сук проявляється допустимою побічною дією, що не перевищує II ступеня (за шкалою Національного інституту раку NCI CTC) гематологічної, гастроінтестинальної, гепато- та нефротоксичності. За результатами  хірургічного втручання й застосування цитостатичних препаратів порівняно із проведенням тільки оперативного видалення новоутворень, смертність тварин другої групи була нижчою на 8,6 % впродовж першого року й на 3,1 % – впродовж двох років спостережень. Медіана тривалості життя  першої групи  становила 12,5, другої – 17 місяців. В статье представлены результаты мониторинговых исследований клинического состояния и выживания сук с неоплазиями молочной железы при проведении мастектомии в качестве монотерапии, а также при применении комплексного способа лечения – эксцизии опухолей и адъювантной химиотерапии. Установлено, что при условии сочетания хирургического удаления опухолей и химиотерапии по схеме CVD (циклофосфан-винкристин-дексаметазон) при лечении сук со злокачественными опухолями молочной железы удается достичь не только ремиссии заболевания в период до 18 месяцев, но и улучшение качества их жизни. Установлено также, что выполнение шести курсов адъювантной химиотерапии по схеме CVD у сук проявляется допустимым побочным действием, не превышает II степени (по шкале Национального института рака NCI CTC) гематологической, гастроинтестинальной, гепато- и нефротоксичности. По результатам применения хирургического вмешательства и цитостатических препаратов, по сравнению с проведением только оперативного удаления новообразований, смертность животных во второй группе была ниже на 8,62 % в течение первого года и на 3,1 % в течение двух лет наблюдений. Медиана продолжительности жизни в первой группе составила 12,5 и во второй – 17 месяцев.The article deals with the results of monitoring search of clinical status and survival of cancer patients using complex treatments. It was established that in a combination of surgical removal of the tumor and chemotherapy with the scheme CVD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, dexamethasone) for the treatment of bitches  which have  malignant tumors of the breast can achieve not only the remission of the disease during the period of  18 months, but also to improve the quality of their life. It was also set up that the implementation of six courses of adjuvant chemotherapy on a scheme CVD in bitches appears acceptable adverse effects not exceeding Grade II (on a scale of a National Cancer Institute NCI CTC) hematologic, gastrointestinal, hepato- and nephrotoxicity. As a result of the use of surgery and cytostatic drugs, compared with conducting only surgical extraction of tumors, mortality of animals in the second group was lower by 8,62 % in the first year and 3,1 % - during  two years of observations. The median lifetime  in the first group was 12,5 and the second - 17 months