Jesus, Barabbas and the People: The Climax of Luke’s Trial Narrative and Lukan Christology (Luke 23.13-25)

This article argues that the nuance and function given to the Barabbas pericope in Luke’s trial narrative differs significantly from that expressed by the other evangelists. It submits that Luke depicts Jesus’ death to be the result of a substitution between the acquitted Jesus and the insurrectionist and murderer Barabbas. Furthermore, the third evangelist has crafted his trial narrative so as to highlight the representative nature of this death, thereby developing Jesus’ narrative identity as the Messiah. It is concluded that Luke’s crafting of his trial narrative raises questions for the prevalent view that the third evangelist has not integrated the idea of substitution into his understanding of Jesus’ death

Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign

Abstract: In 2017, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration succeeded in capturing the first direct image of the center of the M87 galaxy. The asymmetric ring morphology and size are consistent with theoretical expectations for a weakly accreting supermassive black hole of mass ∼6.5 × 109 M ⊙. The EHTC also partnered with several international facilities in space and on the ground, to arrange an extensive, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength campaign. This Letter presents the results and analysis of this campaign, as well as the multi-wavelength data as a legacy data repository. We captured M87 in a historically low state, and the core flux dominates over HST-1 at high energies, making it possible to combine core flux constraints with the more spatially precise very long baseline interferometry data. We present the most complete simultaneous multi-wavelength spectrum of the active nucleus to date, and discuss the complexity and caveats of combining data from different spatial scales into one broadband spectrum. We apply two heuristic, isotropic leptonic single-zone models to provide insight into the basic source properties, but conclude that a structured jet is necessary to explain M87’s spectrum. We can exclude that the simultaneous γ-ray emission is produced via inverse Compton emission in the same region producing the EHT mm-band emission, and further conclude that the γ-rays can only be produced in the inner jets (inward of HST-1) if there are strongly particle-dominated regions. Direct synchrotron emission from accelerated protons and secondaries cannot yet be excluded

Vorwort der Herausgeber

Die gesellschaftliche Entwicklung des 21. Jahrhunderts ist durch zwei gegenläufige Tendenzen gekennzeichnet, die das in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts erreichte Gleichgewicht der westlichen Industriegesellschaft erheblich stört. Einer sich verdichtenden kulturellen und wirtschaftlichen Globalisierung steht eine abnehmende Politikfähigkeit der Akteure gegenüber, die – dem Prinzip des Westfälischen Friedens entsprechend – Jahrhunderte hindurch die Welt bestimmten: die mit einem territo..

Friedensmacht Europa: Dynamische Kraft für Global Governance?

The publications of the interdisciplinary and internationally networked Research Platform “World Order – Religion – Violence” seek to improve our understanding of the relationship between religion, politics and violence. It therefore deals especially with the return of religious themes and symbols into politics, with the analysis of the link between political theory and religion, and finally with the critical discussion of the secularization thesis. At the centre of the research are questions concerning the causes of violent conflict, the possibilities for a just world order and the conditions for peaceful coexistence on a local, regional, national and international/worldwide scale between communities in the face of divergent religious and ideological convictions. Its task is to initiate and coordinate thematically related research-efforts from various disciplinary backgrounds at the University of Innsbruck. It creates a network between departments, research-teams and single researchers working on topics of religion, politics and violence. The overall aim of the research platform World Order-Religion-Violence is to promote excellence in social and human science research on religion and politics at the University of Innsbruck and to guarantee the diffusion of this particular competence on a national and international level

Friedensmacht Europa: Dynamische Kraft für Global Governance?

Europa – wenn es nur will! Die Europäische Union, seit 2007 weitgehend deckungsgleich mit ganz Europa, kann zum Modell für eine neue Weltordnung werden: eine politische Ordnung jenseits der Nationalismen, gestützt auf die zentralen Werte der Demokratie. Europa kann zum Eintrittsbillet in eine Zukunft werden, die durch Frieden und Nachhaltigkeit bestimmt wird. Europa kann – aber es muss nicht: zu sehr besitzen die Kräfte der alten Ordnung noch immer die Macht, diese reale Utopie von einem Europa als Vorboten von „global governance“ zu verhindern. Acht Autoren – aus der Wissenschaft und aus der Praxis – untersuchen die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer neuen Gestaltung Europas und der Welt. Sie diskutieren das, was möglich, und das, was wünschenswert ist. Mit Beiträgen von Kurt Bayer, Herwig Büchele, Helmut Pech, Anton Pelinka, Josef Riegler, Heinrich Schneider, Dieter Senghaas und Wolfgang Wolte

Friedensmacht Europa: Dynamische Kraft für Global Governance?

Europa – wenn es nur will! Die Europäische Union, seit 2007 weitgehend deckungsgleich mit ganz Europa, kann zum Modell für eine neue Weltordnung werden: eine politische Ordnung jenseits der Nationalismen, gestützt auf die zentralen Werte der Demokratie. Europa kann zum Eintrittsbillet in eine Zukunft werden, die durch Frieden und Nachhaltigkeit bestimmt wird. Europa kann – aber es muss nicht: zu sehr besitzen die Kräfte der alten Ordnung noch immer die Macht, diese reale Utopie von einem Europa als Vorboten von „global governance“ zu verhindern. Acht Autoren – aus der Wissenschaft und aus der Praxis – untersuchen die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer neuen Gestaltung Europas und der Welt. Sie diskutieren das, was möglich, und das, was wünschenswert ist. Mit Beiträgen von Kurt Bayer, Herwig Büchele, Helmut Pech, Anton Pelinka, Josef Riegler, Heinrich Schneider, Dieter Senghaas und Wolfgang Wolte

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger

International audienceOn 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of $\sim 1.7\,{\rm{s}}$ with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg(2) at a luminosity distance of ${40}_{-8}^{+8}$ Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 $\,{M}_{\odot }$. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at $\sim 40\,{\rm{Mpc}}$) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position $\sim 9$ and $\sim 16$ days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta