Accumulation et Politique : approches et concepts

Le numéro 28 de la Revue de la régulation est en ligne. Deux évènements ont marqué la préparation celui-ci : la Loi de Programmation de la Recherche (LPR) réformant les universités et la crise sanitaire. Les conditions d’adoption et de mise en œuvre de la LPR interpellent sur les conditions d’exercice du métier d’enseignant-chercheur. La crise sanitaire nous rappelle à nouveau l’importance des interactions entre écologie et économie et les dangers d’un affaiblissement de l’action publique dans un monde toujours plus complexe. Ce numéro 28 de la Revue de la Régulation est composé d'un dossier sur un thème classique pour la théorie de la régulation, à savoir l’analyse des rapports entre accumulation et politique. Les contributions croisées des économistes et des politistes publiées dans ce dossier permettent une meilleure compréhension de cette problématique. Quatre articles Varia sont également disponibles, portant sur les questions agricoles, environnementales et monétaires. Enfin, outre les habituelles recensions d’ouvrages, ce numéro compte un riche entretien exclusif avec Thomas Piketty, qui y défend l’ancrage de l’économie dans les sciences sociales et souligne l’importance de l’histoire. Cet entretien est aussi l’occasion pour lui de revenir sur plusieurs des controverses engagées vis-à-vis de son positionnement théorique. Lire la suite

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Genotype-phenotype associations in French patients with phenylketonuria and importance of genotype for full assessment of tetrahydrobiopterin responsiveness

Frequency of positive BH4-loading test is higher in mildest PKU phenotypes. Error bars represent the 95 % confidence intervals. Fisher exact test, ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01, *p ≤ 0.05. (TIF 32 kb

Survival and Morbidity of Preterm Children Born at 22 Through 34 Weeks’ Gestation in France in 2011

International audienceImportance Up-to-date estimates of the health outcomes of preterm children are needed for assessing perinatal care, informing parents, making decisions about care, and providing evidence for clinical guidelines. Objectives To determine survival and neonatal morbidity of infants born from 22 through 34 completed weeks’ gestation in France in 2011 and compare these outcomes with a comparable cohort in 1997. Design, Setting, and Participants The EPIPAGE-2 study is a national, prospective, population-based cohort study conducted in all maternity and neonatal units in France in 2011. A total of 2205 births (stillbirths and live births) and terminations of pregnancy at 22 through 26 weeks’ gestation, 3257 at 27 through 31 weeks, and 1234 at 32 through 34 weeks were studied. Cohort data were collected from January 1 through December 31, 1997, and from March 28 through December 31, 2011. Analyses for 1997 were run for the entire year and then separately for April to December; the rates for survival and morbidities did not differ. Data are therefore presented for the whole year in 1997 and the 8-month and 6-month periods in 2011. Main Outcomes and Measures Survival to discharge and survival without any of the following adverse outcomes: grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity (stage 3 or higher), or necrotizing enterocolitis (stages 2-3). Results A total of 0.7% of infants born before 24 weeks’ gestation survived to discharge: 31.2% of those born at 24 weeks, 59.1% at 25 weeks, and 75.3% at 26 weeks. Survival rates were 93.6% at 27 through 31 weeks and 98.9% at 32 through 34 weeks. Infants discharged home without severe neonatal morbidity represented 0% at 23 weeks, 11.6% at 24 weeks, 30.0% at 25 weeks, 47.5% at 26 weeks, 81.3% at 27 through 31 weeks, and 96.8% at 32 through 34 weeks. Compared with 1997, the proportion of infants surviving without severe morbidity in 2011 increased by 14.4% (P < .001) at 25 through 29 weeks and 6% (P < .001) at 30 through 31 weeks but did not change appreciably for those born at less than 25 weeks. The rates of antenatal corticosteroid use, induced preterm deliveries, cesarean deliveries, and surfactant use increased significantly in all gestational-age groups, except at 22 through 23 weeks. Conclusions and Relevance The substantial improvement in survival in France for newborns born at 25 through 31 weeks’ gestation was accompanied by an important reduction in severe morbidity, but survival remained rare before 25 weeks. Although improvement in survival at extremely low gestational age may be possible, its effect on long-term outcomes requires further studies. The long-term results of the EPIPAGE-2 study will be informative in this regard