Igniting the Spark: Creating Effective Next Generation Boards

For family foundations and a growing number of donor-advised funds, preparing the next generation for involvement brings special concerns -- and exciting opportunities. Succession is reported to be the single most important issue facing family foundations, according to nearly half (48%) of respondents to the Association for Small Foundations 2011 Foundation Operations and Management Report. At the same time, there is a broad range of experience in families with regard to how next generation family members are involved in family philanthropy. According to the National Center for Family Philanthropy's 2011 study, Current Practices in Family Foundations, a near equal number of respondents "strongly agreed" (34%) or "strongly disagreed" (33%) with the statement "next generation members are playing a significant role in the foundation.

Praxis actuelles de l’imaginaire

Notre précédent numéro « Globalisation. Effets de marché et migrations » a souligné comment une anthropologie, déliée d’une prétendue vocation à privilégier les microterritoires ou les micro‑objets, peut légitimement analyser des situations de globali­sation. Poser une incompatibilité d’échelle et de paradigme entre globalisation et recherche anthropologique n’aurait été qu’un pré­texte pour se réfugier dans des champs construits dans l’isolement des mouvements socio‑économiques. Ce repli a a..

Criterios jurídicos determinantes de la responsabilidad del estado por falla en el servicio médico de las empresas sociales del estado

La Responsabilidad del Estado por falla en el servicio en asuntos médicos, es uno de los títulos de imputación de mayor incidencia dentro este tipo de acciones de la administración generadoras de daños y perjuicios pues se ha convertido en el criterio jurídico habitual por el cual se determina la responsabilidad administrativa. Por consiguiente, el presente artículo realiza un análisis de los criterios jurídicos determinantes de la responsabilidad del estado en los casos en los que se discute una presunta falla en la prestación del servicio de salud por parte de las Empresas Sociales del Estado y el sistema de imputación de responsabilidad que los operadores judiciales utilizan para fallar las demandas de Reparación Directa en los casos en que se endilga una falla, una negligencia o error médico en los procedimientos realizados, demandas que constituyen un alto nivel de litigiosidad contra el estado, cuyas condenas representan una apropiación de recursos públicos de las entidades condenadas bastante representativa. El análisis de los criterios de responsabilidad del estado que se realiza a lo largo de este escrito se encuentra apoyado en investigaciones y estudios jurídicos existentes en cuanto a los casos de responsabilidad estatal por falla en la prestación del servicio médico, los postulados de este tipo de responsabilidad, las modalidades y sistemas de imputación de la falla en el servicio en el sistema jurídico colombiano.Universidad Libre- Facultad de Derecho- Especialización en Derecho AdministrativoThe Responsibility of the State for failure in the service in medical matters, is one of the titles of imputation of greater incidence within this type of actions of the administration generating damages since it has become the usual legal criterion by which administrative responsibility is determined. Therefore, this article performs an analysis of the legal criteria determining the responsibility of the State in cases in which an alleged failure in the provision of health services by the Social State Enterprises is discussed and the system of imputation of liability that judicial operators use to rule on the claims for Direct Reparation in cases in which a failure, negligence or medical error in the procedures performed is alleged, claims that constitute a high level of litigation against the State, whose convictions represent a fairly representative appropriation of public resources of the convicted entities. The analysis of the criteria of responsibility of the State that is made throughout this paper is supported by research and existing legal studies regarding the cases of state responsibility for failure in the provision of medical services, the postulates of this type of responsibility, the modalities, and systems of imputation of the failure in the service in the Colombian legal system

Knottin cyclization: impact on structure and dynamics

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Present in various species, the knottins (also referred to as inhibitor cystine knots) constitute a group of extremely stable miniproteins with a plethora of biological activities. Owing to their small size and their high stability, knottins are considered as excellent leads or scaffolds in drug design. Two knottin families contain macrocyclic compounds, namely the cyclotides and the squash inhibitors. The cyclotide family nearly exclusively contains head-to-tail cyclized members. On the other hand, the squash family predominantly contains linear members. Head-to-tail cyclization is intuitively expected to improve bioactivities by increasing stability and lowering flexibility as well as sensitivity to proteolytic attack.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this paper, we report data on solution structure, thermal stability, and flexibility as inferred from NMR experiments and molecular dynamics simulations of a linear squash inhibitor EETI-II, a circular squash inhibitor MCoTI-II, and a linear analog lin-MCoTI. Strikingly, the head-to-tail linker in cyclic MCoTI-II is by far the most flexible region of all three compounds. Moreover, we show that cyclic and linear squash inhibitors do not display large differences in structure or flexibility in standard conditions, raising the question as to why few squash inhibitors have evolved into cyclic compounds. The simulations revealed however that the cyclization increases resistance to high temperatures by limiting structure unfolding.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this work, we show that, in contrast to what could have been intuitively expected, cyclization of squash inhibitors does not provide clear stability or flexibility modification. Overall, our results suggest that, for squash inhibitors in standard conditions, the circularization impact might come from incorporation of an additional loop sequence, that can contribute to the miniprotein specificity and affinity, rather than from an increase in conformational rigidity or protein stability. Unfolding simulations showed however that cyclization is a stabilizing factor in strongly denaturing conditions. This information should be useful if one wants to use the squash inhibitor scaffold in drug design.</p

From Ideas to Practice, Pilots to Strategy: Practical Solutions and Actionable Insights on How to Do Impact Investing

This report is the second publication in the World Economic Forum's Mainstreaming Impact Investing Initiative. The report takes a deeper look at why and how asset owners began to include impact investing in their portfolios and continue to do so today, and how they overcame operational and cultural constraints affecting capital flow. Given that impact investing expertise is spread among dozens if not hundreds of practitioners and academics, the report is a curation of some -- but certainly not all -- of those leading voices. The 15 articles are meant to provide investors, intermediaries and policy-makers with actionable insights on how to incorporate impact investing into their work.The report's goals are to show how mainstream investors and intermediaries have overcome the challenges in the impact investment sector, and to democratize the insights and expertise for anyone and everyone interested in the field. Divided into four main sections, the report contains lessons learned from practitioner's experience, and showcases best practices, organizational structures and innovative instruments that asset owners, asset managers, financial institutions and impact investors have successfully implemented

Household Food Security in the Mountain West, 2021

This fact sheet examines data on household food security published by the United States Department of Agriculture. We examine the prevalence of household food insecurity and very low food security in Mountain West states (Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah) and the United States national average for comparative analysis

Tracing chemical evolution over the extent of the Milky Way's Disk with APOGEE Red Clump Stars

We employ the first two years of data from the near-infrared, high-resolution SDSS-III/APOGEE spectroscopic survey to investigate the distribution of metallicity and alpha-element abundances of stars over a large part of the Milky Way disk. Using a sample of ~10,000 kinematically-unbiased red-clump stars with ~5% distance accuracy as tracers, the [alpha/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] distribution of this sample exhibits a bimodality in [alpha/Fe] at intermediate metallicities, -0.9<[Fe/H]<-0.2, but at higher metallicities ([Fe/H]=+0.2) the two sequences smoothly merge. We investigate the effects of the APOGEE selection function and volume filling fraction and find that these have little qualitative impact on the alpha-element abundance patterns. The described abundance pattern is found throughout the range 5<R<11 kpc and 0<|Z|<2 kpc across the Galaxy. The [alpha/Fe] trend of the high-alpha sequence is surprisingly constant throughout the Galaxy, with little variation from region to region (~10%). Using simple galactic chemical evolution models we derive an average star formation efficiency (SFE) in the high-alpha sequence of ~4.5E-10 1/yr, which is quite close to the nearly-constant value found in molecular-gas-dominated regions of nearby spirals. This result suggests that the early evolution of the Milky Way disk was characterized by stars that shared a similar star formation history and were formed in a well-mixed, turbulent, and molecular-dominated ISM with a gas consumption timescale (1/SFE) of ~2 Gyr. Finally, while the two alpha-element sequences in the inner Galaxy can be explained by a single chemical evolutionary track this cannot hold in the outer Galaxy, requiring instead a mix of two or more populations with distinct enrichment histories.Comment: 18 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected