A search for X-ray absorbed sources in the 3XMM catalogue using photometric redshifts and Bayesian spectral fits

Since its launch in 1999, the XMM-Newton mission has compiled the largest catalogue of serendipitous X-ray sources, with the 3XMM being the third version of this catalogue. This was possible thanks to the combination of a large effective area (5000 cm2 at 1 keV) and a wide field of view (30 arcmin). The 3XMM-DR6 catalogue contains about 470 000 unique X-ray sources over an area of 982 deg2. A significant fraction of these (100 178 sources) have reliable optical, near-(NIR), and mid-infrared (MIR) counterparts in the SDSS, PANSTARRS, VIDEO, UKIDSS, and WISE surveys. In a previous paper we presented photometric redshifts for these sources using the TPZ machine-learning algorithm. About a quarter of these (22 677) have adequate photon statistics, meaning that a reliable X-ray spectrum can be extracted. Owing to both the X-ray counts selection and the optical counterpart constraint, the sample above is biased towards the bright sources. Here, we present XMMFITCAT-Z: a spectral fit catalogue for these sources using the Bayesian X-ray Analysis technique. To demonstrate the potential of the present catalogue, we comment on the optical and MIR colours of the 765 X-ray absorbed sources with NH?> ?1022?cm?2. We show that a considerable fraction of X-ray-selected AGNs would not be classified as AGNs following the MIR W1?W2 versus W2 selection criterion. These are AGNs with lower luminosities, where the contribution of the host galaxy to the MIR emission is non-negligible. Only one-third of obscured AGNs in X-rays present red colours or r?W2 > 6. Also, it appears that the r?W2 criterion, often used in the literature for the selection of obscured AGNs, produces very different X-ray absorbed AGN samples compared to the standard X-ray selection criteria.This work is part of the Enhanced XMM-Newton Spectral-fit Database project, funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) under the PRODEX program. AR acknowledges support of this work by the PROTEAS II project (MIS 5002515), which is implemented under the “Reinforcement of the Research and Innovation Infrastructure” action, funded by the “Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation” operational programme (NSRF 2014-2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund). AC acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry MCIU under project RTI2018-096686-B-C21 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER/UE), cofunded by FEDER funds and from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu, ref. MDM-2017-0765. This research has made use of data obtained from the 3XMM XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue compiled by the 10 institutes of the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre selected by ESA. This work is based on observations made with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the US Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org. SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatories of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatário Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2012)

El trabajo final en la carrera de Agronomía de la UNSL

El trabajo final, es una instancia obligatoria en el Plan de Estudios de la mayoría de las carreras universitarias de grado por considerarlo un espacio de integración. La carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, desde el año 1999, ha implementado esta actividad, que tiene como objetivo que el alumno afiance su capacitación, a través de una equilibrada integración de conceptos, habilidades, técnicas y aptitudes adquiridas a lo largo de la carrera. El presente informe presenta resultados del análisis sobre la producción académica, trabajos finales, por parte de alumnos de la carrera de agronomía. Desde la implementación de esta actividad curricular se han registrado alrededor de una centena de Trabajos Finales, referidos a la modalidad investigación o a extensión. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar a esta instancia, a nivel actitudinal y desde diferentes dimensiones. Se diseñaron dos instrumentos semiestructurados, uno dirigido al graduado y otro a la totalidad de docentes de la planta, exceptuados, los que se consideraba estaban muy relacionados con esta actividad (docentes integrantes de Comisión de Carrera y docente responsable de Metodología de la Investigación). Este análisis es sólo un abordaje al tratamiento de estos trabajos, que por ser tan diversos y fecundos, no eximen la posibilidad de otra clase de análisis complementario. Representan, la producción académica, al interior de la institución, conformando una verdadera usina o incubadora de experimentos o situaciones y resultados, cuya multidisciplinariedad habilita una diversidad de análisis.Eje temático 1: Problemáticas y alternativas de mejora de la enseñanza f - Los procesos de formación en los años superioresFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

THE XMM-NEWTON X-RAY SPECTRA OF THE MOST X-RAY LUMINOUS RADIO-QUIET ROSAT BRIGHT SURVEY-QSOs: A REFERENCE SAMPLE FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF HIGH-REDSHIFT QSO SPECTRA

We present the broadband X-ray properties of four of the most X-ray luminous (L{sub X} {>=} 10{sup 45} erg s{sup -1} in the 0.5-2 keV band) radio-quiet QSOs found in the ROSAT Bright Survey. This uniform sample class, which explores the extreme end of the QSO luminosity function, exhibits surprisingly homogenous X-ray spectral properties: a soft excess with an extremely smooth shape containing no obvious discrete features, a hard power law above 2 keV, and a weak narrow/barely resolved Fe K{alpha} fluorescence line for the three high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) spectra. The soft excess can be well fitted with only a soft power law. No signatures of warm or cold intrinsic absorbers are found. The Fe K{alpha} centroids and the line widths indicate emission from neutral Fe (E = 6.4 keV) originating from cold material from distances of only a few light days or further out. The well-constrained equivalent widths (EW) of the neutral Fe lines are higher than expected from the X-ray Baldwin effect which has been only poorly constrained at very high luminosities. Taking into account our individual EW measurements, we show that the X-ray Baldwin effect flattens above L{sub X} {approx} 10{sup 44} erg s{sup -1} (2-10more » keV band) where an almost constant (EW) of {approx}100 eV is found. We confirm the assumption of having very similar X-ray active galactic nucleus properties when interpreting stacked X-ray spectra. Our stacked spectrum serves as a superb reference for the interpretation of low S/N spectra of radio-quiet QSOs with similar luminosities at higher redshifts routinely detected by XMM-Newton and Chandra surveys.« les

Biomarkers in ocular chronic graft versus host disease: tear cytokine- and chemokine-based predictive model.

Producción CientíficaPurpose: To develop a tear molecule level-based predictive model based on a panel of tear cytokines and their correlation with clinical features in ocular chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD). Methods: Twenty-two ocular cGVHD patients and 21 healthy subjects were evaluated in a controlled environmental research laboratory (CERLab). Clinical parameters were recorded, and tears were collected. Levels of 15 molecules (epidermal growth factor [EGF], IL receptor antagonist [IL-1Ra], IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, interferon inducible protein [IP]-10/CXCL10, IFN-γ, VEGF, TNF-α, eotaxin 1, and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted [RANTES]) were measured by multiplex-bead assay and correlated with clinical parameters. Logistic regression was used to develop a predictive model. Leave-one-out cross-validation was applied. Classification capacity was evaluated in a cohort of individuals with dry eye (DE) of other etiologies different from GVHD. Results: Epidermal growth factor and IP-10/CXCL10 levels were significantly decreased in ocular cGVHD, positively correlating with tear production and stability and negatively correlating with symptoms, hyperemia, and vital staining. Interleukin-1Ra, IL-8/CXCL8, and IL-10 were significantly increased in ocular cGVHD, and the first two correlated positively with symptoms, hyperemia, and ocular surface integrity while negatively correlating with tear production and stability. Predictive models were generated, and the best panel was based on IL-8/CXCL8 and IP-10/CXCL10 tear levels along with age and sex, with an area under the receiving operating curve of 0.9004, sensitivity of 86.36%, and specificity of 95.24%. Conclusions: A predictive model based on tear levels of IL-8/CXCL8 and IP-10/CXCL10 resulted in optimal sensitivity and specificity. These results add further knowledge to the search for potential biomarkers in this devastating ocular inflammatory disease.Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain, SAF-2010 15631 (AES)

Spatiotemporal gait patterns during overt and covert evaluation in patients with Parkinson’s disease and healthy subjects: is there a hawthorne effect?

[Abstract] Parkinson's disease (PD) and aging lead to gait impairments. Some of the disturbances of gait are focused on step length, cadence, and temporal variability of gait cycle. Under experimental conditions gait can be overtly evaluated, but patients with PD are prone to expectancy efiects; thus it seems relevant to determine if such evaluation truly reflects the spontaneous gait pattern in such patients, and also in healthy subjects. Thirty subjects (15 subjects with PD and 15 healthy control subjects) were asked to walk using their natural, preferred gait pattern. In half ot the trials subjects were made aware that they were being evaluated (overt evaluation), while in the rest of the trials the evaluation was performed covertly (covert evaluation). During covert evaluation the gait pattern was modified in all groups. Gait speed was significantly increased (P = .022); step cadence and average step length were also significantly modified, the average step length increased (P - .002) and the cadence was reduced (P < .001). Stride cycle time variability was unchanged significantly (P = .084). These changes were not significantly different compared between elderly and young healthy controls either. Due to the small sample size, a note of caution is in order; however, the significant results suggest that covert evaluation of gait might be considered to complement experimental evaluations of gait.Galicia. Conslellería de Educación; 2007/000140-0Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; FPU-MECD AP2010-2774Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; FPU-MECD AP2010-277

INTEGRAL/XMM views on the MeV source GRO J1411-64

The COMPTEL unidentified source GRO J 1411-64 was observed by INTEGRAL and XMM-Newton in 2005. The Circinus Galaxy is the only source detected within the 4$\sigma$ location error of GRO J1411-64, but in here excluded as the possible counterpart. At soft X-rays, 22 reliable and statistically significant sources (likelihood $> 10$) were extracted and analyzed from XMM-Newton data. Only one of these sources, XMMU J141255.6 -635932, is spectrally compatible with GRO J1411-64 although the fact the soft X-ray observations do not cover the full extent of the COMPTEL source position uncertainty make an association hard to quantify and thus risky. At the best location of the source, detections at hard X-rays show only upper limits, which, together with MeV results obtained by COMPTEL suggest the existence of a peak in power output located somewhere between 300-700 keV for the so-called low state. Such a spectrum resembles those in blazars or microquasars, and might suggest at work by a similar scenario. However, an analysis using a microquasar model consisting on a magnetized conical jet filled with relativistic electrons, shows that it is hard to comply with all observational constrains. This fact and the non-detection at hard X-rays introduce an a-posteriori question mark upon the physical reality of this source, what is discussed here.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science, as proceedings of "The Multi-Messenger Approach to High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources", Barcelona, July 4-7, 2006, J. M. Paredes, O. Reimer, and D. F. Torres, editor

Desarrollo de prácticas innovadoras de aprendizajes en la diversidad

El presente trabajo muestra la experiencia y los resultados de la implementación de un proyecto de vinculación con la sociedad de la carrera de Licenciatura en Educación Especial de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí. Se trató de una investigación-acción con objetivos en dos dimensiones (1) consolidar el perfil de egreso de los docentes en formación y (2) desarrollar prácticas innovadoras de aprendizaje entre los docentes de los centros de educación ordinaria de la ciudad de Manta. Específicamente, dio respuesta directa a las necesidades de 48 estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales asociadas a discapacidad. Estos estudiantes requerían de una evaluación psicopedagógica y la planificación de adaptaciones curriculares individuales. Su entrega fue a través de un acompañamiento a los profesionales de los Departamentos de Consejería Estudiantil de diez instituciones educativas

The XMM-Newton survey in the H-ATLAS field

Wide-area X-ray and far-infrared surveys are a fundamental tool to investigate the link between AGN growth and star formation, especially in the low-redshift universe (z ≲ 1). The Herschel Terahertz Large Area survey (H-ATLAS) has covered 550 deg2 in five far-infrared and sub-mm bands, 16 deg2 of which have been presented in the Science Demonstration Phase (SDP) catalogue. Here we introduce the XMM-Newton observations in the H-ATLAS SDP area, covering 7.1 deg2 with flux limits of 2 × 10-15, 6 × 10-15, and 9 × 10-15 erg s-1 cm-2 in the 0.5−2, 0.5−8, and 2−8 keV bands, respectively. We present the source detection and the catalogue, which includes 1700, 1582, and 814 sources detected by EMLDetect in the 0.5−8, 0.5−2, and 2−8 keV bands, respectively; the number of unique sources is 1816. We extract spectra and derive fluxes from power-law fits for 398 sources with more than 40 counts in the 0.5−8 keV band. We compare the best-fit fluxes with those in the catalogue, which are obtained assuming a common photon index of Γ = 1.7; we find no bulk difference between the fluxes and a moderate dispersion of s = 0.33 dex. Using the fluxes from the spectral fits wherever possible, we derive the 2−10 keV Log N−Log S, which is consistent with a Euclidean distribution. Finally, we release the computer code for the tools developed for this project.P.R. acknowledges a grant from the Greek General Secretariat of Research and Technology in the framework of the programme Support of Postdoctoral Researchers. A.D.M. acknowledges financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/I001573/I). F.J.C. acknowledges financial support by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grant AYA2012-31447.Peer Reviewe

El palmar de Papagayos (S.L.) un nexo entre la extensión y la investigación.

A partir del palmar de Papagayos, ubicado en la provincia de San Luis y con su integrante típico: la palmera Caranday (Trithrinax campestris (Burm.) Drude &amp; Grises), se desarrolló un proyecto de extensión, que perseguía la protección de  esta especie, afectada por la tala para la confección de artesanías y por el fuego. Los destinatarios directos de esta acción, fueron los artesanos, que vieron peligrar su actividad y los indirectos, la población del lugar. Se trabajó en talleres con artesanos y cortadores, se efectuaron encuestas a estudiantes, maestros y comunidad en general, se analizó y estudió la germinación de la palmera, con la posibilidad de establecer un vivero, y se respondió a la cuantificación de la palmera. Estas dos últimas acciones obligaron al uso de metodología que responde a la experimentación e investigación, y cuyo objetivo en esta instancia, fue caracterizar al palmar de acuerdo al número de palmeras adultas (mayores de 25 años), el diámetro y altura del estípite, la frecuencia de especies arbóreas y arbustivas acompañantes, para poder así, estimar el futuro uso de esta especie. Con respecto a la germinación de las semillas de la palmera, se propusieron diferentes tratamientos, físicos, químicos y mecánicos para lograr una germinación adecuada. Se evidencia la metamorfosis o proceso de pasaje de extensión  a investigación de un modo tan natural, como la comprensión de que la extensión es fuente permanente de producción de conocimiento (además de su difusión) y que volver a la investigación para entender la extensión es un proceso necesario y suele recorrerse en sentido contrario. Este pasaje de extensión a investigación se ve concretado en la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Económico-Sociales, donde más del 60% de los proyectos de Investigación, se corresponde con un proyecto de Extensión. Los fundamentos de este V Congreso de Extensión Universitaria incluyen la esencia y el logro de todo proyecto, en este caso, se trató de consolidar el crecimiento de los pobladores, con un desarrollo ambientalmente sustentable. A modo de conclusión, se reconoce que la concepción de ciencia es la constructivista, por lo que se debe ser muy cuidadoso a la hora de dividir o categorizar a las universidades en de excelencia y/o de formación, según produzcan o difundan el conocimiento, respectivamente.