Historiografía, memoria e historia de la guerrilla mexicana (1967-1982)

Historiografía de la guerrilla latinoamericana, recuperación de la memoria e historia de la insurrección armada socialistas de los jóvenes mexicanos entre 1967 y 1982. Principales tendencias historiográficas y paradigmas en que se han escrito las historias de las guerrillas latinoamericanas, métodos y fuentes. Memoria y recuperación de la memoria mexicana en el periodo estudiado y la insurrección de la Liga Comunista 23 de Septiembre y del Partido de los Pobres en México. Historiography of Latin American guerrillas, memory recall and history of armed insurrection Socialists of Mexican youth between 1967 and 1982. Main historiographical trends and paradigms that have been written histories of Latin American guerrillas, methods and sources. Memory and memory retrieval Mexico during the study period and the uprising of September 23 Communist League and the Party of the Poor in Mexic

Campaña de lanzamiento para jugos "Los Inocentes"

El presente proyecto es acerca de la creación de la campaña de lanzamiento de “Los Inocentes”, una nueva marca de bebidas de jugo 100% naturales, cold pressed y endulzados con yacón. Este será introducido en el mercado peruano en Julio del 2024. Este plan de marketing tiene como objetivo lograr el 10% de participación de mercado al término del año 2024. Además, generar awareness de marca en un 50% durante el primer año de lanzamiento. Para lograr los objetivos propuestos, se realizó un análisis a profundidad del público objetivo para entender su comportamiento, hábitos de consumo. Se determinó que los jóvenes entre los 21 y 30 años tienen una necesidad de consumir una bebida nutritiva, baja en azúcar pero que conserve un buen sabor; ya que se interesan por su salud. Por ello, “Los Inocentes” busca introducirse en el mercado con el propósito de ofrecer un balance en su alimentación, sin tener que sacrificar tiempo de su rutina y el sabor que les gusta. La siguiente estrategia de comunicación y medios responde a los objetivos planteados. Estos serán medidos en KPI 's para garantizar el éxito de este.This project is about the creation of the launching campaign of "Los Inocentes" a new brand of 100% natural, cold pressed juice drinks, sweetened with yacon. It will be introduced in the Peruvian market in July 2024. This marketing plan aims to achieve 10% market share by the end of 2024. In addition, to generate 50% brand awareness during the first year of launching. To achieve the proposed objectives, an in-depth analysis of the target audience was conducted to understand their behavior and consumption habits. It was determined that young people between the ages of 21 and 30 have a need to consume a nutritious, low-sugar beverage that still tastes good. They are interested in their health. Therefore, "Los Inocentes" seeks to enter the market with the purpose of finding a balance in their diet, without having to sacrifice time in their routine and the flavor they like. The following communication and media strategy responds to the objectives set. These will be measured in KPI's to guarantee its success

Infection and coinfection by human papillomavirus, Epstein–Barr virus and Merkel cell polyomavirus in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: a retrospective study

Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as an important risk factor for laryngeal carcinogenesis. Although HPV-16 and 18 have been strongly implicated, the presence of other high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes or the coinfection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPV) may increase the risk, but their etiological association has not been definitively established. Methods We characterized the genotype-specific HPV and the frequency of EBV and MCPV infections through the detection of their DNA in 195 laryngeal specimens of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histologically confirmed. Results HPV DNA was detected in 93 (47.7%) specimens. HPV-11 was the most frequent with 68 cases (73.1%), and HPV-52 was the most frequently HR-HPV found with 51 cases, which corresponds to 54.8% of all HPV-positive specimens. EBV DNA was detected in 54 (27.7%) tumor tissue specimens of which 25 (46.3%) were in coinfection with HPV. MCPV DNA was detected only in 11 (5.6%) cases of which 5 (45.4%) were in coinfection with an HR-HPV. No association between the presence of DNA of the three examined viruses and the patient smoking habits, alcohol consumption, age, the keratinization status, differentiation grade, or localization of the tumor in the larynx were found. Discussion HPV-52 was the most prevalent HR-HPV, which may suggest that this and other genotypes in addition to HPV-16 and 18 could be considered for prophylaxis. However, further studies including non-cancer larynx cases and the evaluation of other molecular markers and viral co-infection mechanisms are needed to determine the role of the different HR-HPV genotypes, EBV, and MCPV in the etiology of SCC of the larynx

El Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido en ciencias: estado de la cuestión

This paper gives a descriptive overview of the literature related to Pedagogical Content Knowledge - PCK - in the sciences. It is expected that this review can contribute to a better understanding of PCK, pointing out what has been investigated about this concept. Specifically, we analyze: a) how PCK is defined, what are its main features and how it has been appropriated by teachers; b) the relationship between PCK, knowledge of the contents to be taught and students learning; c) how PCK was actually used in teachers' training and teachers' evaluation; and, d) the scientific areas in which PCK has been studied. It concludes that PCK is an essential tool for improving the quality of teacher training

The role of complex cues in social and reproductive plasticity

Phenotypic plasticity can be a key determinant of fitness. The degree to which the expression of plasticity is adaptive relies upon the accuracy with which information about the state of the environment is integrated. This step might be particularly beneficial when environments, e.g. the social and sexual context, change rapidly. Fluctuating temporal dynamics could increase the difficulty of determining the appropriate level of expression of a plastic response. In this review, we suggest that new insights into plastic responses to the social and sexual environment (social and reproductive plasticity) may be gained by examining the role of complex cues (those comprising multiple, distinct sensory components). Such cues can enable individuals to more accurately monitor their environment in order to respond adaptively to it across the whole life course. We briefly review the hypotheses for the evolution of complex cues and then adapt these ideas to the context of social and sexual plasticity. We propose that the ability to perceive complex cues can facilitate plasticity, increase the associated fitness benefits and decrease the risk of costly ‘mismatches’ between phenotype and environment by (i) increasing the robustness of information gained from highly variable environments, (ii) fine-tuning responses by using multiple strands of information and (iii) reducing time lags in adaptive responses. We conclude by outlining areas for future research that will help to determine the interplay between complex cues and plasticity

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

ATTAC Praxis México. El hermano radical de Latinoamérica

En el proceso de diferenciación del ATTAC mexicano, se ha emprendido la construcción de un punto programático más. ATTAC-Praxis-México no sólo postula la instrumentación de la Tasa TOBIN, sino promueve el reconocimiento de una Carta Universal de Derechos Laborales, esta carta busca que se reconozcan a nivel mundial los derechos laborales de los trabajadores al estilo de los derechos universales humanos, que se combata y se prohíban las prácticas del trabajo flexible a nivel internacional. Busca no sólo atacar el capital especulativo, sino las fuentes mismas de riqueza que ese capital expolia en las zonas de mayor desprotección del trabajo en el tercer mundo