Trust and Trustworthiness

In this chapter, we discuss when, how, and why trust and trustworthiness arise to support cooperation within and across organizations. To do so, we first define trust and trustworthiness, discuss how they can be quantified, and determine key components of trusting and trustworthy behavior. In addition, we identify building blocks of trust and trustworthiness and offer tangible insights about how to establish trusting and cooperative business/interorganizational relationships, based on both academic research and case studies from across industries

Angiogenesis Markers Quantification in Breast Cancer and Their Correlation with Clinicopathological Prognostic Variables

Tumoural angiogenesis is essential for the growth and spread of breast cancer cells. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of angiogenesis markers in tumours and there reflecting levels in serum of breast cancer patients. Angiogenin, Ang2, fibroblast growth factor basic, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), platelet-derived growth factor-BB, and VEGF-A were measured using a FASTQuant angiogenic growth factor multiplex protein assay. We observed that breast cancer tumours exhibited high levels of PDGF-BB, bFGF and VEGF, and extremely high levels of TIMP-1 and Ang-2, whereas in serum we found significantly higher levels of Ang-2, PDGF-BB, bFGF, ICAM-1 and VEGF in patients with breast cancer compared to the benign breast diseases patients. Moreover, some of these angiogenesis markers evaluated in tumour and serum of breast cancer patients exhibited association with standard clinical parameters, ER status as well as MVD of tumours. Angiogenesis markers play important roles in tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. Our results suggest that analysis of angiogenesis markers in tumour and serum of breast cancer patients using multiplex protein assay can improve diagnosis and prognosis in this diseases

Exergy analysis of energy-intensive production processes: advancing towards a sustainable chemical industry

Exergy analysis is becoming a very powerful strategy to evaluate the real efficiency of a process. Its application in the chemical industry is still at an early stage but many interesting remarks can be obtained from the recent research in the most energy intensive processes of the chemical industry: the production of chemicals, the cement industry, the paper industry and, the iron and steel industry. The present review analyzes the opportunities and challenges in those sectors by considering exergy analyses as the first required step (although not sufficient) to advance towards a more sustainable chemical industry. Social, environmental and economic factors play a role in the critical evaluation of a process and exergy could be considered as the property that joins together those three cores of sustainability

Mutations in CDC45, Encoding an Essential Component of the Pre-initiation Complex, Cause Meier-Gorlin Syndrome and Craniosynostosis

DNA replication precisely duplicates the genome to ensure stable inheritance of genetic information. Impaired licensing of origins of replication during the G1 phase of the cell cycle has been implicated in Meier-Gorlin syndrome (MGS), a disorder defined by the triad of short stature, microtia, and a/hypoplastic patellae. Biallelic partial loss-of-function mutations in multiple components of the pre-replication complex (preRC; ORC1, ORC4, ORC6, CDT1, or CDC6) as well as de novo stabilizing mutations in the licensing inhibitor, GMNN, cause MGS. Here we report the identification of mutations in CDC45 in 15 affected individuals from 12 families with MGS and/or craniosynostosis. CDC45 encodes a component of both the pre-initiation (preIC) and CMG helicase complexes, required for initiation of DNA replication origin firing and ongoing DNA synthesis during S-phase itself, respectively, and hence is functionally distinct from previously identified MGS-associated genes. The phenotypes of affected individuals range from syndromic coronal craniosynostosis to severe growth restriction, fulfilling diagnostic criteria for Meier-Gorlin syndrome. All mutations identified were biallelic and included synonymous mutations altering splicing of physiological CDC45 transcripts, as well as amino acid substitutions expected to result in partial loss of function. Functionally, mutations reduce levels of full-length transcripts and protein in subject cells, consistent with partial loss of CDC45 function and a predicted limited rate of DNA replication and cell proliferation. Our findings therefore implicate the preIC as an additional protein complex involved in the etiology of MGS and connect the core cellular machinery of genome replication with growth, chondrogenesis, and cranial suture homeostasis

Single nucleotide variations of the canine RAD51 domains, which directly binds PALB2 and BRCA2

Tumors of the mammary glands are the most common tumors to affect entire female dogs representing between 50-70% of all tumors types, which is three times higher rate of incidence than humans. No other animal species has such high probability of onset of mammary tumors. Homologous recombination (HR) is the most important double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair mechanisms of DNA and RAD51 plays an important role in this repair mechanism. The tumor suppressors RAD51, BRCA2 and PALB2 act together to initiate the chromosomal lesions repair. BRCA2 and PALB2 mutations lead to destabilization of the genome and engender cancer risk. PALB2 binds to DNA and associates with the RAD51 recombinase. In this study we investigate the genetic variations in RAD51 gene, which directly interactions with PALB2 and BRCA2 domains. From a total of 64 canine patients with mammary tumors, 31 mammary tumors with benign and malign carcinomas and the 3 normal mammary glands were used for the study. We have identified 2 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) and 7 SNVs (Single Nucleotide Variants) in canine RAD51 exon 7- intron 9 regions, among them 7 SNVs and 1 SNPs were detected for the first time in this study

Removal of tripolyphospate from water by ion exchange resins

WOS: 000415822300031In this paper, two different ion-exchange resins namely strongly basic Purolite A420S and hybrid anion exchange resin infused with iron oxide, Purolite FerrIX A33E, were evaluated for the removal of tripolyphosphate (TPP) from an aqueous medium. Resins were compared in terms of their TPP removal capacity, kinetics, and regeneration efficiency under batch conditions. The results of batch experiments show that the maximum adsorption capacities were 256.91 mg-TPP/g-resin for A420S and 222.32 mg-TPP/g-resin for FerrIX A33E resin. The sorption kinetics of TPP onto A420S is well governed by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and pseudo-second-order model for FerrIX A33E resin. Sorption isotherm data were well described by the Langmuir model for the resins. The regeneration studies were also examined for such resins and obtained results showed that FerrIX A33E resin can be fully regenerated with 1 M NaCl and A420S resin can be regenerated with 4 M HCl with 95% efficiency. It was also found that, the percentage removal of TPP was maintained at more than 85% as compared to the initial value, even after five sorption-regeneration cycles. Thermodynamic studies showed that the sorption of TPP onto ion exchange resins is an exothermic process. The negative values of free energy change (Delta G(0)) indicate the spontaneous nature of the sorption process

Network Trust and Trust Behaviors Among Executives in Supply Chain Interactions

We integrate the results of a social network survey and a forecast information sharing experiment to examine the roles of trust and trustworthiness in impacting highranking executives' decisions in supply chain interactions. The members of our executive sample have, on average, 17 years of work experience. A significant portion of them holds positions at the C-level in world-leading organizations that span a wide range of industries. By examining the roles of trust and trustworthiness in the decision making of high-ranking executives, we find strong external validation for as well as demonstrate how these nonpecuniary, behavioral factors impact the outcomes of business interactions. We employ a multimethod research design that allows us to investigate the extent to which the executives' trust beliefs toward a relevant network of exchange partners (which we define as their "network trust") impact their trust behaviors when engaging in business interactions with members of this network. We determine the conditions pertaining to the executives' professional experiences that strengthen or weaken the impact of network trust on the executives' trust behaviors in supply chain interactions. For example, executives with more diverse professional experiences rely more on network trust to shape their trust behaviors. Conversely, executives with prior positive trust experiences rely less on network trust in their trusting behaviors. We quantify that improved trust and trustworthiness can yield up to 41%, 6%, and 5% gain in the expected profit of the supplier, the retailer, and the supply chain. Our results offer tangible implications for how organizations can better leverage executives' knowledge about how much to rely on network trust in business interactions to achieve better outcomes.National Science Foundation (Awards 1452875 and 1644935

Permeability and fluid flow-induced wall shear stress in bone scaffolds with TPMS and lattice architectures: A CFD analysis

International audienc

Lipofibrohamartoma of the Median Nerve: A Case Report

Herein, we present the case of a patient who had complaint suggestive of carpal tunnel syndrome due to fibrolipoma of the median nerve and macrodactyly. 32-year-old male patient has macrodactyly of the right index finger and coarse skin lines and hyperkeratosis on the volar aspect of the index finger. The patient reported numbness and tingling sensation in his right hand that have woken him at night for 10 years. Electromyography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the right hand and diagnostic biopsy were performed to the patient. Sensory action potential of the right median nerve was absent. The median motor study on the right showed low amplitude of the compound muscle action potential with a markedly prolonged distal latency. MRI scan demonstrated a lesion that extended from the palm to the forearm and gave cable-like appearance to the median nerve which is pathognomonic for lipofibroma. Biopsy result was consistent with fibrolipoma. Neural fibrolipoma is a rare benign tumor of the median nerve. MRI is the best method for observing the involvement of the nerve. In one-third of the cases, macrodactyly is associated with neural fibrolipoma. In the differential diagnosis of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms, fibrolipoma of the median nerve should also be kept in mind. (Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2011; 48: 155-7