¿Intervenir sin método?

El método en Trabajo Social tiene una larga tradición. Incluso se ha llegado a creer que las trabajadoras sociales eran capaces de trabajar sin método y sin modelos. Con numerosos autores reivindicamos la deconstrucción de estas creencias que, por muy repetidas, no se convierten en verdad. Las trabajadoras sociales, como muchos profesionales, trabajan con métodos y modelos que adaptan a sus realidades. Por tanto, las trabajadoras sociales trabajan con método y modelos, con orden y conciencia, dentro de la realidad en la que se inserta su intervención. En esta realidad median las propias creencias, la formación y/o supervisión, la experiencia, pero también el contexto, el momento histórico, la edad, la cultura, etc. Todos estos factores intervienen tanto en el método como en los modelos de abordaje

High temperature systems using solid particles as TES and HTF material: a review

Thermal energy constitutes up to 90% of global energy budget, centering on heat conversion, transmission, and storage; therefore, the technology for harvesting solar energy worth to be developed. One of them is the concentrated solar power (CSP) solar towers where sun-tracking heliostats reflect solar radiation to the top of a tower where the receiver is located. The great advantage of CSP over other renewable energy sources is that energy storage is feasible, particularly when the heat transfer fluid (HTF) is also used as thermal energy storage (TES) material which is the case of solid particles. A lot of development efforts are under way for achieving commercial direct solar solid-particle systems. Solid particle systems for transferring high temperature thermal energy are purposed for increasing the efficiency of these systems when converting heat into electric power. This review recapitulates the concept of these systems taking into account the main receiver designs, particle conveyance, particle storage systems and components, the heat exchanger, and the main challenges that must be overcome to split this technology as a commercial one, especially from the materials availability point of view. This review summarizes the actual status of the use of solid particles for TES and as HTF for CSP Tower, and condenses all the available information and classifies them considering the main functional parts and remarking the current research in each part as well as the future challenging issues

Review of solid particle materials for heat transfer fluid and thermal energy storage in solar thermal power plants

Current concentrated solar power (CSP) plants that operate at the highest temperature use molten salts as both heat transfer fluid (HTF) and thermal energy storage (TES) medium. Molten salts can reach up to 565°C before becoming chemically unstable and highly corrosive. This is one of the higher weaknesses of the technology. Solid particles have been proposed to overcome current working temperature limits, since the particle media can be stable for temperatures close to 1000°C. This work presents a review of solid particles candidates to be used as HTF and TES in CSP plants in open receivers. In addition, the interactions between solid particles with major system components are described in this review, for example, with TES system or heat exchanger. The parameters and properties of solid particles are identified from the material science point of view explaining their nature and the relation to the power plant efficiency and lifetime durability. Finally, future development is proposed; such as material selection according to each specific design, materials characterization, or durability test

Análisis de la eco-innovación, circularidad y acciones simbióticas. Una reflexión aplicada al sector turístico valenciano

Segarra-Oña, M.; Peiró Signes, A.; García Meseguer, CA.; Sánchez-Planelles, J. (2021). Análisis de la eco-innovación, circularidad y acciones simbióticas. Una reflexión aplicada al sector turístico valenciano. Economía Industrial. 418:89-96. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/176219S899641

A Genetic Predictive Model for Canine Hip Dysplasia : Integration of Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) and Candidate Gene Approaches

Canine hip dysplasia is one of the most prevalent developmental orthopedic diseases in dogs worldwide. Unfortunately, the success of eradication programs against this disease based on radiographic diagnosis is low. Adding the use of diagnostic genetic tools to the current phenotype-based approach might be beneficial. The aim of this study was to develop a genetic prognostic test for early diagnosis of hip dysplasia in Labrador Retrievers. To develop our DNA test, 775 Labrador Retrievers were recruited. For each dog, a blood sample and a ventrodorsal hip radiograph were taken. Dogs were divided into two groups according to their FCI hip score: control (A/B) and case (D/E). C dogs were not included in the sample. Genetic characterization combining a GWAS and a candidate gene strategy using SNPs allowed a case-control population association study. A mathematical model which included 7 SNPs was developed using logistic regression. The model showed a good accuracy (Area under the ROC curve = 0.85) and was validated in an independent population of 114 dogs. This prognostic genetic test represents a useful tool for choosing the most appropriate therapeutic approach once genetic predisposition to hip dysplasia is known. Therefore, it allows a more individualized management of the disease. It is also applicable during genetic selection processes, since breeders can benefit from the information given by this test as soon as a blood sample can be collected, and act accordingly. In the authors' opinion, a shift towards genomic screening might importantly contribute to reducing canine hip dysplasia in the future. In conclusion, based on genetic and radiographic information from Labrador Retrievers with hip dysplasia, we developed an accurate predictive genetic test for early diagnosis of hip dysplasia in Labrador Retrievers. However, further research is warranted in order to evaluate the validity of this genetic test in other dog breeds

Predicción de la irradiancia a partir de datos de satélite mediante deep learning

[Resumen] El conocimiento con antelación de la irradiancia solar en la superfície en una ubicación determinada presenta diversas utilidades para las plantas fotovoltaicas, como la participación más ventajosa en el mercado eléctrico o las menores necesidades de almacenamiento para ello. En este trabajo se estudian diferentes alternativas para la estimación de la irradiancia a posteriori y se propone una red neuronal artificial que, utilizando esta estimación, predice la irradiancia solar futura con una hora de antelación.Universitat Jaume I de Castellón; P1-1B2015-36Ministerio de Economía; DPI2014-53245-

Oral chondroitin sulfate and prebiotics for the treatment of canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a randomized, controlled clinical trial

BACKGROUND Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic enteropathy of unknown etiology, although microbiome dysbiosis, genetic susceptibility, and dietary and/or environmental factors are hypothesized to be involved in its pathogenesis. Since some of the current therapies are associated with severe side effects, novel therapeutic modalities are needed. A new oral supplement for long-term management of canine IBD containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) and prebiotics (resistant starch, β-glucans and mannaoligosaccharides) was developed to target intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress, and restore normobiosis, without exhibiting any side effects. This double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in dogs with IBD aims to evaluate the effects of 180 days administration of this supplement together with a hydrolyzed diet on clinical signs, intestinal histology, gut microbiota, and serum biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. RESULTS Twenty-seven client-owned biopsy-confirmed IBD dogs were included in the study, switched to the same hydrolyzed diet and classified into one of two groups: supplement and placebo. Initially, there were no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05) for any of the studied parameters. Final data analysis (supplement: n = 9; placebo: n = 10) showed a significant decrease in canine IBD activity index (CIBDAI) score in both groups after treatment (p < 0.001). After treatment, a significant decrease (1.53-fold; p < 0.01) in histologic score was seen only in the supplement group. When groups were compared, the supplement group showed significantly higher serum cholesterol (p < 0.05) and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) levels after 60 days of treatment (p < 0.01), and the placebo group showed significantly reduced serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels after 120 days (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between groups at any time point for CIBDAI, WSAVA histologic score and fecal microbiota evaluated by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). No side effects were reported in any group. CONCLUSIONS The combined administration of the supplement with hydrolyzed diet over 180 days was safe and induced improvements in selected serum biomarkers, possibly suggesting a reduction in disease activity. This study was likely underpowered, therefore larger studies are warranted in order to demonstrate a supplemental effect to dietary treatment of this supplement on intestinal histology and CIBDAI

ASLP-MULAN: Procesado de audio, habla y lenguaje para análisis de información multimedia

[EN] Our intention is generating the right mixture of audio, speech and language technologies with big data ones. Some audio, speech and language automatic technologies are available or gaining enough degree of maturity as to be able to help to this objective: automatic speech transcription, query by spoken example, spoken information retrieval, natural language processing, unstructured multimedia contents transcription and description, multimedia files summarization, spoken emotion detection and sentiment analysis, speech and text understanding, etc. They seem to be worthwhile to be joined and put at work on automatically captured data streams coming from several sources of information like YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, online newspapers, web search engines, etc. to automatically generate reports that include both scientific based scores and subjective but relevant summarized statements on the tendency analysis and the perceived satisfaction of a product, a company or another entity by the general population.[ES] Nuestra intención es generar la mezcla ideal de tecnologías del audio, el habla y el lenguaje con las de big data. Algunas tecnologías automáticas del procesado de audio, habla y lenguaje están adquiriendo suficiente grado de madurez para ser capaces de ayudar a este objetivo: transcripción automática del habla, métodos de búsqueda por habla, recuperación de documentos hablados, procesado del lenguaje natural, transcripción y descripción de contenidos multimedia no estructurados, resumen de ficheros multimedia, detección de emoción en el habla y análisis de sentimientos, comprensión de texto y habla, etc. Parece que merece la pena unirlos y ponerlos a trabajar sobre secuencias de datos obtenidos automáticamente procedentes de diversas fuentes de información como YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, periódicos digitales, buscadores de internet, etc. para generar informes que incluyan tanto puntuaciones basadas en análisis cuantitativo como expresiones resumidas subjetivas pero significativas sobre el análisis de tendencias y la satisfacción percibida sobre un producto, una empresa u otra entidad.This Project is founded by the “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” TIN2014-54288-C4 and there are four reseach groups involved: ELiRF (Universitat Politècnica de València), ViVoLab (Universidad de Zaragoza), SPIN (Universidad del Pais Vasco), GTH (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid).Ferreiros Lopez, J.; Pardo Muñoz, JM.; Hurtado Oliver, LF.; Segarra Soriano, E.; Ortega Giménez, A.; Lleida, E.; Torres, MI.... (2016). ASLP-MULAN: Audio speech and language processing for multimedia analytics. Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural. (57):147-150. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/84803S1471505

Gene signatures of early response to anti-TNF drugs in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

T. Around a 20–30% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are diagnosed before they are 18 years old. Anti-TNF drugs can induce and maintain remission in IBD, however, up to 30% of patients do not respond. The aim of the work was to identify markers that would predict an early response to anti-TNF drugs in pediatric patients with IBD. The study population included 43 patients aged &lt;18 years with IBD who started treatment with infliximab or adalimumab. Patients were classified into primary responders (n = 27) and non-responders to anti-TNF therapy (n = 6). Response to treatment could not be analyzed in 10 patients. Response was defined as a decrease in over 15 points in the disease activity indexes from week 0 to week 10 of infliximab treatment or from week 0 to week 26 of adalimumab treatment. The expression profiles of nine genes in total RNA isolated from the whole-blood of pediatric IBD patients taken before biologic administration and after 2 weeks were analyzed using qPCR and the 2−∆∆Ct method. Before initiation and after 2 weeks of treatment the expression of SMAD7 was decreased in patients who were considered as non-responders (p value &lt; 0.05). Changes in expression were also observed for TLR2 at T0 and T2, although that did not reach the level of statistical significance. In addition, the expression of DEFA5 decreased 1.75-fold during the first 2 weeks of anti-TNF treatment in responders, whereas no changes were observed in non-responders. Expression of the SMAD7 gene is a pharmacogenomic biomarker of early response to anti-TNF agents in pediatric IBD. TLR2 and DEFA5 need to be validated in larger studies.This work was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grants numbers PI16/00559 and PI19/00792), Consejería de Educación y Deporte de la Comunidad de Madrid (grant number PEJ16/MED/AI-1260), and by the Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (grant number PRE-2018-2), The study was cofunded by ERDF Funds (FEDER) from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe

Perfil clínico de los pacientes tratados con evolocumab en unidades hospitalarias de nefrología en España

Describir las características clínicas de los pacientes tratados con evolocumab, las razones del inicio de la terapia y los efectos del tratamiento en la fase inicial de disponibilidad de evolocumab en las unidades de nefrología de España