Estudo do programa territorial para o desenvolvimento de Porto Nacional -TO

Monografia (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2014.O presente trabalho esta norteado nos princípios básicos da Engenharia Territorial, que serve como ferramenta principal na construção de um Planejamento Territorial, visando um processo integrado e participativo, buscando o desenvolvimento econômico da região. Sendo necessário uma analise dos fatores que poderão influenciar de maneira positiva este desenvolvimento, avaliando principalmente os seus respectivos potenciais econômico

Ações ambientais para o desenvolvimento socioespacial no Rio de Janeiro: estratégias de gestão para as sustentabilidades Acciones ambientales para el desarrollo socioespacial en Rio de Janeiro: estrategias de gestión para las sostenibilidades

O artigo expõe estratégias possíveis que podem ser desenvolvidas por agentes econômicos (com apoio político e dos atores sociais) para ações de sustentabilidade em atividades que minimizem os impactos ambientais gerados por práticas humanas cotidianas, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Nesse sentido, as estratégias identificadas são realizadas pelo poder municipal da Prefeitura de Nova Friburgo (Região Serrana do Rio de Janeiro) em relação à gestão para o reflorestamento, tratamento do lixo e produção orgânica baseados nas singularidades locais e nos preceitos da sustentabilidade ambiental como uma forma economicamente viável e socialmente justa. Pretende-se neste artigo tornar compreensíveis e entendidos como possíveis e necessários a reciclagem de resíduos orgânicos, a produção orgânica, o planejamento local e a gestão participativa, a recuperação de áreas degradadas, a educação e gestão ambiental, a saúde pública, o espírito coletivo, o combate ao desperdício e a coleta seletiva e reutilização/reciclagem de materiais. AbstractEl artículo presenta las estrategias desarrolladas por agentes económicos (apoyados por políticos y actores sociales), en acciones de sostenibilidad en actividades que reducen los impactos ambientales generados por las prácticas humanas cotidianas en Rio de Janeiro. Las estrategias identificadas son efectuadas por el ayuntamiento del municipio de Nova Friburgo (región montañosa de Rio de Janeiro), en su administración de la reforestación, con el tratamiento de la basura y de la producción orgánica, basado en singularidades locales y en los preceptos de la sostenibilidad ambiental económicamente viable y socialmente justa. El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer comprensible son posibles y necesarios el reciclado de residuos orgánicos, la producción ecológica, la planificación y gestión participativa local, la educación y gestión ambiental, la salud sostenible pública, la necesidad de política colectiva para la lucha contra los residuos tóxicos, el reciclaje y reutilización de materiales

Socioeconomic status moderates the association between perceived environment and active commuting to school

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the moderator effect of socioeconomic status in the association between the perceived environment and active commuting to school. METHODS: A total of 495 adolescents and their parents were interviewed. Perceived environment was operationalized in traffic and crime safety and assessed with the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale. Active commuting was self-reported by the adolescents, categorized in walking, bicycling or skating at least one time/week. Socioeconomic status was used as moderator effect, reported from adolescents’ parents or guardians using Brazilian standardized socioeconomic status classification. Analyses were performed with Poisson regression on Stata 12.0. RESULTS: Prevalence of active commuting was 63%. Adolescents with low socioeconomic status who reported “it is easy to observe pedestrians and cyclists” were more likely to actively commute to school (PR = 1.18, 95%CI 1.03–1.13). Adolescents with low socioeconomic status whose parents or legal guardians reported positively to “being safe crossing the streets” had increased probability of active commuting to school (PR = 1.10, 95%CI 1.01–1.20), as well as those with high socioeconomic status with “perception of crime” were positively associated to the outcome (PR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.03–1.72). CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic status showed moderating effects in the association between the perceived environment and active commuting to school

Pylorectomy and Gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I Procedure) for Obstructive Antrum Pyloric Leiomyoma in a Bitch

Background: Gastric neoplasms are uncommon in dogs, especially those affecting smooth muscle layers. Leiomyoma is a smooth muscle benign neoplasm, which requires surgical resection. Pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I procedure) is the most indicated technique in cases not affecting the biliary and pancreatic tracts. Thus, the purpose of this study was to report a successful case of Billroth I procedure in a bitch presenting antrum pyloric obstructive leiomyoma. Case: A 12-year-old, non-spayed, Cocker Spaniel bitch was admitted presenting depression, hyporexia, postprandial vomiting and sparse episodes of hematemesis, for 30 days. Clinical suspicion on obstructive gastric outflow disease was established. Bloodwork (complete blood count, BUN, albumin, ALP and ALT), abdominal ultrasound and thoracic radiographs were assessed. The patient undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. On endoscopic evaluation, small hemorrhagic mucosa ulcers were visualized on the gastric body, antrum and pylorus. Moreover, a sessile, ulcerated, round-shape and infiltrated antral-pyloric mass was seen. The mass was 1.5-2.0 cm in diameter and apparently involved the smooth muscle layer, causing severe pyloric obstruction. However, endoscopic evaluation of the duodenum was possible. Several biopsy samples were taken from the neoplasm and sent for histopathologic assessment. The result was not conclusive due to low quality samples. The patient had progressive worsening of obstruction episodes and required surgery. A wide-margin pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I procedure) was carried out. The retrieved specimen was sent to histopathological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessment. Positive staining for actin and desmin confirmed smooth muscle origin of the mass and histopathological assessment confirmed leiomyoma. The patient underwent regular periodic postoperative assessments, revealing progressive clinical improvement and normal weight gain. Control upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed. Gastric ulcers were completely healed and gastroduodenal anastomosis was functional. The anastomotic scar tissue was sampled and revealed chronic and normal healing process. Complete healing was confirmed and the patient was discharged. Discussion: Gastric neoplasms are not common in dogs. However, severe obstruction of gastric outflow is a potential risk for complications in those cases. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic assessment is important not only for diagnosis, but also for surgery decision making. In the current study, gastroscopy provided accurate preoperative evaluation of severity of pyloric obstruction and diagnosis of secondary gastric ulcers. Direct visualization of lesions and multiple biopsy sampling were performed. The presence of neoplasms over 2-cm in diameter indicates need for complete laparoscopic or conventional surgical resection. In this case report, open resection was carried out due to prohibitive cost of laparoscopic approach, mass dimensions and probable involvement of deeper tissue layers. In conclusion, pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I procedure) was curative and provided good prognosis following resection of an antrum pyloric obstructive leiomyoma. Endoscopy was critical for both diagnosis and decision-making towards surgery for gastric outflow obstruction due to an antrum pyloric neoplasm. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry assessment confirmed neoplasm type and assured oncological safety of resection with wide margins. Keywords: gastric neoplasms, smooth muscle tumor, endoscopy, dog

LEPRA EN LOS TERRITORIES FRONTERIZOS DE SUDAMÉRICA: ESTUDIO ECOLÓGICO

Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil clínico epidemiológico y la distribución espacial de la incidenciade la lepra en los territorios fronterizos de Sudamérica.Metodología: se trata de un estudio ecológico. El estudio incluyó la Provincia de Misiones enArgentina y la Región Sur de Brasil. La población estaba compuesta por 10.319 nuevos casosde lepra diagnosticados entre 2010 y 2016.Resultados: el estado de Paraná fue el más endémico, representando el 70,2% (n=7.247)de los casos. Predominaron la clasificación operacional multibacilar (79,8%, n=8.233) y elGrado 0 de discapacidad física (50,6%, n=5.223). En Misiones, el 18,9% utilizó un régimende tratamiento de sustitución. En el periodo se observó una situación hiperendémica en 780(65,5%) de las ciudades/departamentos estudiados.Conclusión: El estudio mostró que las regiones estudiadas tienen alta endemicidad,transmisión activa y diagnóstico tardío de la lepra. Estas tendencias entrelazadas en cuanto ala fuerza de la morbilidad y la transmisión reciente y persistente de la enfermedad aumentanla importancia de la lepra como un problema de salud pública en la región.Objective: to characterize the epidemiological clinical profile and spatial distribution of theincidence of leprosy in border territories of South America.Method: this is an ecological study. The study included the Province of Misiones in Argentinaand the Southern Region of Brazil. The population consisted of 10,319 new leprosy casesdiagnosed between 2010 and 2016.Results: the state of Paraná was the most endemic, representing 70.2% (n=7.247) of thecases. There was a predominance of multibacillary operational classification (79.8%, n=8,233)and Grade 0 of physical disability (50.6%, n=5,223). In Misiones, 18.9% used a substitutiontreatment regimen. In the period, a hyperendemic situation was observed in 780 (65.5%) ofthe studied cities/departments.Conclusion: the study revealed that the regions studied have high endemicity, activetransmission and late diagnosis of leprosy. These intertwined trends in the strength ofmorbidity and recent and persistent transmission of the disease increase the relevance ofleprosy as a public health problem in the region.Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil clínico epidemiológico e a distribuição espacial da incidência dahanseníase em territórios fronteiriços da América do Sul.Método: trata-se de um estudo ecológico. O estudo compreendeu a Província de Misiones naArgentina e a Região Sul do Brasil. A população foi composta por 10.319 casos novos de hanseníase,diagnosticados entre 2010 e 2016.Resultados: o estado do Paraná foi o mais endêmico, representando 70,2% (n=7,247) doscasos. Houve predomínio da classificação operacional multibacilar (79,8%, n=8.233) e Grau 0de incapacidade física (50,6%, n=5.223). Em Misiones 18,9% utilizaram esquema de tratamentosubstitutivo. No período, notou-se uma situação hiperendêmica em 780 (65,5%) dos municípios/departamentos estudados.Conclusão: o estudo mostrou que as regiões estudadas apresentam alta endemicidade, transmissãoativa e diagnóstico tardio da hanseníase. Essas tendências entrelaçadas à força de morbidade e detransmissão recente e persistente da doença, ampliam a relevância da hanseníase como problemade saúde pública na região

Parámetros físico-químicos y contenido de vitaminas del complejo B : un estudio exploratorio del polen apícola del sur de Brasil

This study aimed to determine the presence of B-complex vitamins and some physicochemical parameters in bee pollen samples from the southern Brazilian states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul and, then, to identify their correlations with the geographical and botanical origin of the samples using multivariate statistical techniques. B-complex vitamins were determined by HPLC and mean contents were 0.79 mg/100 g (vitamin B1 ), 0.88 mg/100 g (vitamin B2 ), 5.31 mg/100 g (sum of vitamin B3 vitamers) and 4.42 mg/100 g (sum of B6 vitamers). The physicochemical parameters of the samples were consistent with those reported in the literature. The results showed that bee pollen is an important source of B-complex vitamins and multivariate statistical exploratory techniques suggested its nutritional content should be evaluated locallyEl objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de vitaminas del complejo B y algunos parámetros físico-químicos en muestras de polen apícola oriundas de los Estados del Sur de Brasil (Paraná, Santa Catarina y Rio Grande do Sul); y correlacionar estos resultados con el origen botánico y geográfico, usando un análisis estadístico multivariado. Las vitaminas del complejo B fueron determinadas por HPLC y su contenido fue de 0,79 mg/100 g (vitamina B1 ); 0,88 mg/100 g (vitamina B2 ); 5,31 mg/100 g (suma de los compuestos de vitamina B3 ); y 4,42 mg/100 g (suma de los compuestos de vitamina B6 ). Los parámetros físico-químicos de las muestras fueron consistentes con los reportados en la literatura. Los resultados mostraron que el polen apícola fue una fuente importante de vitaminas del complejo B, y las técnicas multivariadas sugirieron que su contenido nutricional debe ser evaluado localmente

Effect of processing conditions on characteristics of dehydrated bee-pollen and correlation between quality parameters

The aim of the present study was to compare the physical, chemical and biological parameters and the microbiological quality of bee-pollen samples treated with different dehydration processes and to correlate the results. The samples came mainly from Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) and Eupatorium (Asteraceae) plants. The dehydration conditions of the samples influenced the L*a*b* colour parameters and the biological value. Unlike the protein and lipid content, the glucose and fructose content were unaffected. The vitamin E content (27.2 ± 0.3 μg/g, 27.5 ± 0.4 μg/g) in oven-dehydrated samples with forced air circulation was significantly lower (P < 0.05) compared with lyophilized samples (37.5 ± 0.2 g/100 g, 53.7 ± 3.9 g/100 g). Overall, the results were inconclusive for vitamin B complex, minerals and microbiological indicators. There was a positive correlation between the colour parameters L* and b* and the total phenolic content, as well as between phenolic content and the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity. The data indicate that lyophilization might be a viable alternative to the current process, resulting in dehydrated bee-pollen with higher biological activity.The authors are grateful to State of S~ao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for financial support (FAPESP process 2011/51741- 5) and scholarship granted to AAM De-Melo (FAPESP process 2011/ 11746-8 and FAPESP process 2013/23179-6). For a scholarship granted to OM Barth from the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq, Process 304067/2013-0). To the MN Pr opolis company that supplied the samples.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Agricultural answers and chemical composition of Massai grass under different nitrogen doses and urea sources

Under the hypothesis that modifying nitrogen sources and doses could increase nitrogen fertilization efficiency and productivity and improve forage quality, this study aimed to evaluate the morphological composition, structural characteristics and chemical composition of Panicum maximum cv. Massai forage cultivated under different urea sources (common and coated with Policote®) and nitrogen doses (200, 400 and 600 kg ha-1 year-1) during the autumn, winter and spring of 2014 and the summer and autumn of 2015. The experiment was carried out in Seropédica, RJ, under a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement (3x2) + 1 with four replications. High nitrogen rates promoted higher percentages of leaf blade dry mass and lower percentages of dead material dry mass in the forage mass and provided higher tiller population density and forage accumulation rate of Massai grass during the studied seasons. The use of coated urea promoted higher levels of crude protein in the forage than did the use of common urea in all seasons. The intensification of nitrogen fertilization reduced the nitrogen use efficiency but benefitted the structural characteristics, forage accumulation and chemical composition of Massai grass forage. The use of coated urea promoted greater of nitrogen use efficiency during all seasons of the year